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Anatomy 1 > Psychology 2 > Flashcards

Psychology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are Gial Cells?

A

Gial cells are the glue that holds the nervous system together

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2
Q

Astrocytes

A

support to the neurons and cleans up debris

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3
Q

what are astrocytes also connected too

A

connects to the blood vessel

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4
Q

Can astrocytes make their own oxygen?

A

can make their own oxygen and glucose

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5
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Help produce myelin on axons in the CNS

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6
Q

Oligodendrocytes can replicate and work on more than one axon
True or False

A

True

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7
Q

what is the percentage of myelin and lipids used?

A

80% myelin lipid 20%

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8
Q

Schwan cells

A

support axons and produce sheath in the PNS

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9
Q

how many axons do Schwann cells work on?

A

myelin 1 axon

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10
Q

Do Schwann cells regrow

A

arranged in a series of cylinders, regrowth

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11
Q

Microglia

A

Act as phagocytes and protect the brain from microorganisms.

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12
Q

what is the difference between Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells?

A

oligodendrocytes myelinate axons
Schwann cells do the myelinating (one cell)

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13
Q

what is the blood-brain barrier?

A

the barrier between the blood supply and your brain

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14
Q

why do we need the brain barrier?

A

to protect the brain from things getting in the blood creating blood

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15
Q

where is the barrier located?

A

between the CNS and the circulatory system to help the flow of nutrients.

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16
Q

what are capillaries

A

blood vessels

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17
Q

does capillaries house pours

A

it has pours where anything can come out of the blood

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18
Q

where in the capillaries have less noticeable pours?

A

in the brain, they are smaller making it hard for things to enter the brain.

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19
Q

how does something get past the capillaries in you’re brain?

A

only if it is really small or it tricks the brain into thinking that it is something it needs.

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20
Q

what is the area Postrema is known for

A

an area in the brain that is much weaker and creates vomiting

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21
Q

when touching accidentally touching the stove are you getting any information from the brain?

A

no it is a motor skill so it doesn’t reach the brain

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22
Q

anything above the neck is there reaction time by more or brain

A

the brain, no more motor action above the neck.

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23
Q

what are the components of a simple withdrawal reflex?

A

sensory neuron, Motor neuron, interneuron

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24
Q

how does a withdrawal reflex work when accidentally something happens?

A

sensory neurons then travel
up the axon sensory neuron
the muscle moves away

25
Q

how does the withdrawal method work when you holding something hot?

A

feeling the heat through the sensory neurons
enter neuron that goes to the blue motor neuron
the brain response through inhibition

26
Q

what is the role of inhibition?

A

to relax your baby

27
Q

what is the resting membrane potential?

A

-70mV

28
Q

what is an oscilloscope?

A

it reads /visual; out the voltage inside a cell

29
Q

why does the squid need electrical stimulation?

A

consistent and helps the stimulus create an electrical signal

30
Q

what can we control from the electrical stimulation?

A

Intensity, enter trail internal, frequency, the number of stimuli

31
Q

in action potential what happens when the cell is less negative

A

Depolarization

32
Q

what else can depolarization be?

A

excitation

33
Q

what is hyperpolarisation also known to be?

A

Inhibition

34
Q

what are two focuses that nature has to rebalance?

A

Diffusion and electrostatic pressure

35
Q

what is diffusion?

A

concentration balance, contraction movement of molecules from areas from high concentration to low

36
Q

what is an example of diffusion?

A

a glass of water with a splash of milk

37
Q

what is electrostatic pressure?

A

opposite charges want each other, while the same ones don’t connect like magnets

38
Q

what does a cell at rest look like

A

the inside is -70 mv the outside is positive with sodium Na+

39
Q

Do diffusion and electrostatic work together?

A

they are both independent

40
Q

what happens when less stimulus is used?

A

The charges go but to 70 mv which is called ESP(excitatory, postsynaptic potential

41
Q

what happens when a cell experiences hyperpolaization

A

IPSP when it goes up higher takes to long to come down

42
Q

what happens in the inhibited phase

A

the cell is not at rest but it’s relaxed so the mv counts are negative

43
Q

is sodium a positive or negative charge

A

positive

44
Q

What is the goal of the electrostatic pressure?

A

to get a balance of zero

44
Q

what is the goal of diffusion?

A

equal contraction

45
Q

what is Na+

A

sodium

45
Q

what is K+

A

potassim

46
Q

what determines the strength of the forces of diffusion and electrostatic pressure?

A

the level of imbalance

46
Q

what enters the cell and leaves the cell

A

sodium wants to rush into the cell while the membrane pushes out potassium

47
Q

what is stronger diffusion or electrostatic pressure?

A

The force of diffusion

48
Q

what is a semi-permeable membrane?

A

things can be leaked though the membrane and be controlled.

49
Q

what is a permeable membrane?

A

were things come and go out of the membrane

50
Q

what is an impermeable membrane?

A

nothing goes through

51
Q

what is the net pressure?

A

the combined pressures of diffusion and ep

52
Q

what happens when leakage goes unchecked

A

it will cause an unnatural action potential

53
Q

what is the percentage of the brain space the sodium-potassium pump uses?

A

40%

54
Q

what does the sodium-potassium pump do

A

three sodiums leave while two potassium stays

55
Q

what leaks more potassom or sodium

A

sodium

56
Q
A

Anatomy 1 (1 decks)

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