Psychology Flashcards
What is psychology?
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
True or False: Psychology only studies human behavior.
False.
Fill in the blank: The __________ perspective focuses on the biological underpinnings of behavior.
biological
What are the four main goals of psychology?
Describe, explain, predict, and control behavior.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a subfield of psychology? A) Clinical B) Cognitive C) Quantum D) Developmental
C) Quantum
What is the difference between a psychologist and a psychiatrist?
A psychologist provides therapy and counseling, while a psychiatrist can prescribe medication.
True or False: The scientific method is not used in psychology.
False.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a method of gathering information through direct observation.
Observation
What is a hypothesis?
A testable prediction about the relationship between two or more variables.
Multiple Choice: Which research method involves manipulating variables to determine cause and effect? A) Case study B) Survey C) Experiment D) Observation
C) Experiment
What is the role of ethics in psychological research?
To ensure the safety and well-being of participants.
True or False: Correlation implies causation.
False.
Fill in the blank: __________ is the variable that is manipulated in an experiment.
Independent variable
What is the purpose of a control group?
To serve as a baseline for comparison with the experimental group.
Multiple Choice: Who is known as the father of psychoanalysis? A) B.F. Skinner B) Sigmund Freud C) Carl Rogers D) Albert Bandura
B) Sigmund Freud
What is operant conditioning?
A learning process through which the strength of a behavior is modified by reinforcement or punishment.
True or False: Classical conditioning involves learning through association.
True.
Fill in the blank: __________ refers to the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge and comprehension.
Cognition
What is the main focus of humanistic psychology?
Personal growth and self-actualization.
Multiple Choice: Which psychologist is associated with the hierarchy of needs? A) Abraham Maslow B) Carl Jung C) Erik Erikson D) Ivan Pavlov
A) Abraham Maslow
What is the primary focus of developmental psychology?
The study of how people grow and change throughout their lifespan.
True or False: The nature vs. nurture debate concerns the relative contributions of genetics and environment.
True.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a psychological disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest.
Depression
What is cognitive dissonance?
The mental discomfort experienced when holding two conflicting beliefs or values.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common method of treatment for anxiety disorders? A) Exposure therapy B) Electroconvulsive therapy C) Surgery D) None of the above
A) Exposure therapy
What is social psychology?
The study of how individuals influence and are influenced by others in social contexts.
