Psychology Flashcards by Mind Med

This is an unconscious wish or impulse acted upon to avoid the unpleasant feeling accompanied by it

Acting out

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Extending service to others to undergo a vicarious experience

Altruism (Unselfishness)

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Most common cause of dementia

Alzheimer’s Disease

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This is part of the CNS that has a primary role in the processing and memory of emotions. Damage to this part will render a person unable to suppress primal emotions

Amygdala

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This is the belief that inanimate objects have life-like qualities and are capable of action

Animism

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This is mental disorder that is characterized by self induced starvation, morbid fear of fatness, and medical s/sx of starvation

Anorexia nervosa

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The inability to learn freshly presented information, that is to store it permanently and keep it available for reference

Anterograde amnesia

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This is a mental disorder that realistically plans for future inner discomfort

Anticipation

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This eliminates the pleasurable effects of experience

Asceticism

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This is characterized by impulsiveness, hyperactivity, and inattention

Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD)

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This is part of the CNS that is affected in patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Basal ganglia

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What four structures of the CNS is made from the telencephalon

Cerebral cortex
Hippocampus
Basal ganglia
Corpus callosum

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This concept states that all behaviour can be explained by environmental causes rather than by internal force

Behaviourism

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Who developed the concept of operant conditioning?

B.F Skinner

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This concept states that all psychological events correspond to the activity in the brain and nervous system

Biopsychology

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This is a defense mechanism that transiently inhibits thinking

Blocking

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This is a mental disorder wherein an individual is preoccupied with one or more perceived defects or flaws in their physical appearance

Body dysphoric disorder

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This is a mental disorder that is classically characterized by binge eating and purging (induced vomiting)

Bulimia nervosa

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This occurs during psychosexual development where a boy has an unconscious fear of losing his penis like a female

Castration anxiety

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This is part of the CNS that is responsible for coordination of movements and balance

Cerebellum

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This is part of the nervous system associated with higher brain functions. Examples of such are thinking, analysis, cognition, learning, and decision making

Cerebral cortex

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Focusing on one characteristic and excluding others

Centration

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Part of the Nervous System involved in vocalizing, mammal motor functions, emotional functions, regulating endocrine and autonomic functions, visual spatial analysis, motor output and memory.

cingulate gyrus

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A form of associative learning involving temporal pairing of stimuli to bring about a conditioned response

classical conditioning

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theory of development proposed by Jean Piaget

Jean Piaget

This theory emphasizes the role of mental processes in understanding behavior

cognitive psycholo

stage of cognitive development where a child understands and applies logical operations and principles to help interpret specific experiences or perceptions

concrete operational

This is a defense mechanism where an individual is attempting to manage events or objects in the environment to minimize anxiety and to resolve inner conflicts.

controlling

Part of the midbrain where the processors for visual and auditory inputs are located

corpora quadrigemina

Connects the two cerebral hemipsheres

corpus callosum

[Mental Disorder] Fixed false belief

delusion

Acquired deterioration in cognitive abilities that impairs the successful performance of activities of daily living (e.g. feeding, grooming)

dementia

Refusing to admit or face a threatening situation; avoiding awareness of anxiety-provoking stimulus to protect ego

denial

a mental disorder characterized by overwhelming feeling of sadness, guilt and suffering in an extended period of time

depression

Progressive increase in the individual's capacities in terms of maturation and learning

development

Redirecting impulses (often anger) from the real target to a safer but innocent person

displacement

Temporarily but drastically modifying one's character or identity to avoid emotional distress

dissociation

"Split personality", Characterized by amnesia and fugue (inability to recall events)

dissociative identity disorder

Grossly reshaping external reality to fit one's needs and unrealistically exaggerating one's sense of superiority and entitlement

distortion

anxiety that interferes with social or occupational functioning

distress

reality principle, manages the conflict between the id and the constraints of the real world (Freudian Psychology)

ego

Inability to distinguish between one's own perspective and someone else's; Self centered

egocentrism

This occurs during psychosecual development, where a girl has tender feelings towards his father and feelings of competition with her mother for the father's attention

elektra complex

Memory process invovled in the operation of transforming sensory data into cognitive representations

encoding

Enumerate the processes involved in Memory

Encoding, Storage, Retrieval

Part of the nervous system that exerts visceral control through hormonal signals

epithalamus

"normal" amount of anxiety associated with optimal levels of funtioning

eustress

a concept that deals with humanistic themes of death, free will and meaning

existentialism

Occurs when a patient has a damaged Brocka's area

Expressive aphasia

Escaping from real worries by avoiding interactions with people and imagining that the conflict has been resolved

fantasy

The sharing of a fantasy by two closely associated friends

Folie à deux

stage of cognitive development where a person is able to think about abstractions and hypothetical concepts

formal operational

this concept addresses the social structure as a whole and in terms of the necessary function of its constituent elements

functionalism

This theory states that the subjective experience and organization of the whole, the whole is not equal to the sum of its parts

Gestalt Psychology

increase in the size of the whole, or any of its parts

growth

Decreased intensity of response to stimulation

habituation

Perceiving something that is not there (not perceived by others)

hallucinations

part of the brain that is responsible for memory formation and emotion

hippocampus

Using comedy to express feelings and thoughts without personal discomfort and without producing an unpleasant effect on others

humor

excessive increase in the number of cells

hyperplasia

excessive increase increase in the size of the cells

hypertrophy

Exaggerating or overemphasizing an illness for the purpose of evasion and regression (unconscious, will perceive that they are ill); can be related to fears and apprehensions

hypochodriasis

part of the brain that is associated with primal feelings

hypothalamus

pleasure principle, unconscious or subconscious desires (Freudian Psychology)

Enumerate the structures of the Personality according to Freud

id, ego, superego

this is a mental disorder characterized by wrongly perceived stimulus (perceived differently by others)

illusion

Consciously limiting or renouncing some ego functions to evade anxiety arising from conflict with instinctual impulses

inhibition

Excessively using intellectual processes to avoid affective expression

intellectualization

Internalizing the qualities of an object or significant other.

introjection

Hiding one's emotional response or problems under a façade of big words and pretending one has no problem (detachment from the emotion)

isolation of affect

[Developer of Concept] Classical Conditioning

Ivan Pavlov

unable to keep in mind what stays the same and what changes in an object after it has changed aesthetically

lack of conservation

[Developer of Concept] Moral Development/ Theory of Moral Reasoning

Lawrence Kohlberg

[Parts of the Nervous Sys] the effective or "feeling" region of the brain, links the thinking and feeling brains, works with olfactory senses

limbic system

type of memory system where informations is placed to be kept more or less permanently, retained indefinitely but some are still lost with time

long term memory

Uncontrollable impulse, Elevated, expansive or irritable mood, Can be a disguise for overwhelming depression

mania

[Developers of Concept] Humanistic Psychology

Maslow, Rogers

Enumerate the components of the Hindbrain

Medulla Oblongata, Pons, Cerebellum

occurs when a child begins to remember and imagine experiences

mental representation

[Parts of the Nervous Sys] Reflexes involving the eyes and the ears

midgrain

theory which discusses the rightness or wrongness of an act

moral reasoning

Mental disorder involving distress but neither delusions nor hallucinations where behavior is not socially unacceptable; can aggravate to psychosis

neurosis

occurs when a child learns that an object exists even though it is out of sight

object permanence