Psychology

Question 1

Psychology

Answer 1

the scientific study of mind a behavior

Question 2

Psychoanalytic

Answer 2

Humans are directed by their unconscious drives

Question 3

Behavioral

Answer 3

Humans are directed by their environment. No free will

Question 4

Humanistic

Answer 4

Humans are directed by inborn notions to be good

Question 5

Cognitive

Answer 5

Humans are directed by their own thought processes

Question 6

Biopsychological

Answer 6

Humans are directed by their own body chemistry

Question 7

Open-minded skepticism

Answer 7

Neither rejecting claims outright nor accepting them uncritically

Question 8

Occam’s Razor

Answer 8

The less assumptions
made of a claim, the more likely it is true

Question 9

Case Study

Answer 9

in-depth study of an individual.
Advantages- You can study rare phenomena in detail.
Disadvantages- You cannot generalize your findings to all.

Question 10

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 10

recording the behavior of subjects in their natural environment.
Advantages- Subjects act naturally.
Disadvantages- You cannot generalize your findings to all.

Question 11

Survey

Answer 11

A set of questions on a topic.
Advantages- quick, inexpensive opinions from many people.
Disadvantages-
Samples are often not random.
Social Desirability Bias- we do not want to appear prejudiced.
People lie / Do not do what they say.
Wording of the questions may give biased answers.

Question 12

An Accurate Sample

Answer 12

Your group of subjects must represent the population to which you wish to generalize.

Question 13

Reliability

Answer 13

The extent to which a test/survey/experiment (research) gives consistent results.

Question 14

Validity

Answer 14

The extent to which research measures what it is supposed to measure.

Question 15

Correlation

Answer 15

The degree to which two variables are related.

Question 15

Correlation

Answer 15

The degree to which two variables are related.

Question 16

Directionality

Answer 16

Correlation does not imply causation; that is, just because two things are related, we still don’t know which causes which.

Question 17

Third Variable

Answer 17

A third variable may be influencing the original correlation.

Question 18

Independent Variable

Answer 18

The factor in an experiment that is manipulated or changed.

Question 19

Dependent Variable

Answer 19

The factor in an experiment that is measured or studied.

Question 20

Experimental Group

Answer 20

Subjects who are exposed to the independent variable in an experiment

Question 21

Control Group

Answer 21

Subjects who are NOT exposed to the independent variable in an experiment.

Question 22

Placebo

Answer 22

A harmless pill, medicine, or procedure prescribed more for the psychological benefit to the patient than for any physiological effect.

Question 23

Good Subject Bias

Answer 23

Tendency for participants in an experiment to knowingly or unknowingly act in a way they think the experimenter wants them to act.

Question 24

Experimenter Bias

Answer 24

Tendency for an experimenter to knowingly or unknowingly communicate the expectations of the outcome of the experiment to the participants during the experiment itself.