Psychology

Question 1

Cognitive Psychology

Answer 1

How we think is central is explaining how we behave and respond to certain peoples and different situations.

Question 2

Learning Psychology

Answer 2

Proposes that behaviors is acquired by learning experiences.

Question 3

Biological Psychology

Answer 3

Biological factors such as chromosomes, hormones and the brain all have a significant influence on human behavior, for example gender.

Question 4

Social Psychology

Answer 4

How the individual in relation to other people and also at how that behavior can be modified by social contexts.

Question 5

Independent Variable

Answer 5

The factor under investigation

Question 6

Dependent Variable

Answer 6

expected to change under the influence of the independent variable.

Question 7

Confounding Variable

Answer 7

a random or unforseen variable that can ruin or mess up results.

Question 8

Independent Measures

Answer 8

An experimental design in which a different group of participants is used for each level of the IV (condition)

Question 9

Repeated Measures Design

Answer 9

an experimental design where the same participants take part in each condition of the independent variable.

Question 10

Control condition

Answer 10

when the independent variable is absent

Question 11

what is standardization and why is it important

Answer 11

The process of making a test uniform, or setting it to a specific standard; it ensures that everyone is being held to the same standards for taking a particular test.

Question 12

Define reliability and ways to improve

Answer 12

the extent to which a procedure task or measure is consistent; controls and standardization.

Question 13

Define Validity and ways to improve it

Answer 13

How certain your testing what you claim to be testing; control variables.

Question 14

What is causation and correlation?

Answer 14

When one thing causes another thing; when we’re looking for relationships between variables.

Question 15

Three ways to collect samples; pros and cons of each
(1)

Answer 15

• Opportunity Sampling: participants are chosen because their available
  Pros: Quicker and easier than other research methods
  Cons: Likely to be non-representative because variety of people is limited, so they might be similar leading to bias.

Question 16

Three ways to collect samples; pros and cons of each
(2)

Answer 16

• Volunteer (self-selected) Sampling: participants are invited to participate
  Pros: Easy because part. come to researcher; more likely to be commited
  Cons: Likely to be non-representative cause people who respond to request may be similar

Question 17

Three ways to collect samples; pros and cons of each
(3)

Answer 17

• Random Sampling: all members of the population are allocated numbers and a fixed amount
  Pros: each person in population has an equal chance of being chosen, more likely to be representative
  Cons: In reality, everyone may not be equally likely to be chosen

Question 18

What is null hypothesis?

Answer 18

A testable statement saying that any difference or correlation in the results is due to chance.