Psychological Science 2 Flashcards
0
Q
Does correlation = causation?
A
NO
1
Q
What is correlation?
A
A measure of the DIRECTION and STRENGTH of the relationship between 2 measured variables.
- Correlation varies from -1 to +1
- Closer to +1 or -1 the stronger the correlation is
- Always use r = .xx to denote
2
Q
What is directional ambiguity?
A
Not sure what variable influences the other.
3
Q
What is the third variable problem?
A
There might be another variable that is the true cause of the relationship.
4
Q
What is experimentation?
A
Involves the manipulation of at least one variable and the measurement of another.
- Independent Variable
- Dependent Variable
- Able to infer cause-effect relationships (uses random assignment and control over potential alternative causes/confounds)
5
Q
What is random assignment?
A
Participants are randomly placed into either the experimental or control group.
Rules out pre-existing differences between the groups as a cause of later group differences.
6
Q
How do you control for confounds?
A
- Random assignment rules out one type of confound (alternative cause/pre-existing differences)
- Other confounds must also be controlled for, usually by holding them constant between the experimental and control groups.
