psychological influences on the individual Flashcards
1
Q
personality definition
A
- unique psychological make-up
- developed through nurture and nature
2
Q
nurture
A
- characteristics that are learned
3
Q
nature
A
- characteristics that are inherited
4
Q
trait theory
A
- indivduals born with innate characteristcs
- stable, enduring and stay the same in different situations
- behaviour is consistent so performer will behave same in most situations
- eg extrovert basketball player will also behave in a extrovert way in training
5
Q
trait theory limitation
A
- doesnt take into account personality change
- player personality in a match may be different to a post game interview
6
Q
social learning theory
A
- personality characteristics are learned, can be developed through association
- behaviour learned from significant others by socialisation
- more likely to be copied if positive reinforcement
- young player copy celebration of professional footballers
- observe - identify - reinforce - copy
7
Q
interactionist perspective
A
- personality and behaviour influenced by both genetic and environmental factors
- combines trait theory and SLT
- traits we are born with are adapted and used accordingly to the situation
- includes lewin and hollander approaches
8
Q
Lewin approach
A
- behaviour is adapted to suit a situation
- behaviour is a function of personality and environment
- B=F(PXE)
- inherent, consistent traits can be adapted to the situation, meaning those traits will produce a typical response
9
Q
hollander approach
A
- personality made up of 3 features
- core of performer (values and beliefs)
- typical responses (inherent traits displayed to specific situations)
- role related behaviour (performer adapt or adopt to very specific role when situation demands it)
- more environment has an influence the more behvaiour is likely to change
10
Q
how knowledge of interactionist approach can improve performance
A
- predict player behaviour - remove from situation
- recreate situations in training
- offer advice, support allow individual to adapt to specific circumstances
11
Q
credulous definition
A
when link between personality and behaviour is accepted
12
Q
sceptical definition
A
when link between personality and behaviour is outdated
13
Q
reasons why people may be credulous about interactionist approach
A
- behaviour changes as competition increases
- personality tests that predict behaviour and can be used as part of talent identification
- personality types can be linked to elite sporting performance - calm under pressure
14
Q
reasons why people may be sceptical about interactionist approach
A
- no link between personality and choice of sport
- behaviour and personality can change during a game
15
Q
attitude
A
- what you think about something
- attitude is an opinion
