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FOPC > Psychological Influences > Flashcards

Psychological Influences Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 key behavioral risk factors for chronic diesases

A 
Smoking
Obesity
Diet
Exercise
Alcohol
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2
Q

What are 4 reasons a newly pregnant mother could be convinced to quit drinking alcohol

A

The advantages of not drinking (babies health) outweigh the disadvantages
Positive responses from others due to the behavior change
Social pressure from others to change behavior
The new behavior would be consistent with her new self image as a mother with maternal instincts

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3
Q

What is self-efficacy

A

The belief in ones ability to change

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4
Q

What 4 things should self efficacy be underpinned by

A

goal-setting
effort investment
persistence in face of barriers
recovery from setbacks

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5
Q

What are S.M.A.R.T. goals

A 
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Timely
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6
Q

What is a hazard

A

something with the potential to cause harm

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7
Q

What is risk

A

the likelihood of harm occurring

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8
Q

What is a risk factor

A

something that increases the risk of harm

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9
Q

What is a protective factor

A

something that decreases the risk of harm

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10
Q

What is susceptibility

A

something that increases the likelihood that something will cause harm

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11
Q

What are the 5 categories of hazards

A 
physical
chemical
mechanical
biological
psycho-social
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12
Q

What are the 4 different routes of exposure

A

skin
blood
inhalation
ingestion

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13
Q

What are the 3 factors that influence the degree of risk

A

how much a person is exposed
how a person is exposed
conditions of exposure

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14
Q

What are the 3 principles that govern the perception of risk

A

feeling in control
size of the possible harm
familiarity with the risk

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15
Q

What are involuntary risks

A

situations we believe we have little control

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16
Q

What are voluntary risks

A

situations we believe we have some control

17
Q

What are the 6 individual variables in risk perception

A 
previous experience
attitudes towards risk
values
beliefs
socio-personality
demographic factors
18
Q

What are the 3 direct environmental hazards

A

physical - e.g. radiation
chemical - i.e. pesticides
biological - i.e. infectious agents

19
Q

What are the 4 indirect environmental hazards

A

Housing
Transport
Town planning
Income

20
Q

What are 3 methods of hazardous exposure

A

Diet
Inhalation
Dermal

21
Q

How many deaths are there per year due to past exposure to harmful working conditions

A

12,000

22
Q

How many occupational cancer deaths are there per year (how many due to asbestos)

A

8,000 (4,000 due to asbestos)

23
Q

How many COPD deaths are there per year due to past occupational exposure to fumes, chemical or dust

A

4,000

24
Q

How many cases of ill health are caused or made worse by work per year

A

1,200,000

25
Q

What are 4 factors that influence global health and sustainability

A

Inequalities in health within and between countries
Effective use of limited resources
Level of technology
Political outlooks

26
Q

How does the WHO rank health systems

A

50% health
25% responsiveness
25% fair financial contribution

27
Q

What are the 9 main social inequalities that effect health

A 
lack of education
poor diet
unemployment
poor housing
poverty
social class
race
gender
sexuality
28
Q

What are the 2 definitions of culture

A

a complex whole which include knowledge, beliefs, art morals, law, customs, etc

systems of shared ideas, systems of concepts and rules and meanings that underlie and are expressed in the ways that human beings live

29
Q

What is the definition of disease

A

a physiological or psychological dysfunction

30
Q

What is the definition of ethnicity

A

cultural practices and outlooks that characterise and distinguish a certain group of people (i.e. common language)

31
Q

What is the definition of incidence

A

the number of new cases of a disease in a defined period of time

32
Q

What is the defection of prevalence

A

the number of individuals with a disease at a given point in time or within a defined interval

33
Q

What is the definition of race

A

a group of people linked by biological or genetic factors

34
Q

What is the WHO definition of health

A

Health is a state of complete physical mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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