Psychological foundations

Question 1

In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a(n)

Answer 1

proposed explanation

Question 2

___ focused on examining the physiology of one’s behavior and other psychological aspects of the mind

Answer 2

William James

Question 3

In the late 19th century, the early school of psychology that was heavily influenced by biology was ___

Answer 3

Functionalism

Question 4

proponents of the early school of ___ psychology argue that our thoughts, feelings and motive are unimportant in understanding human behavior and that only observable actions should be studies

Answer 4

behaviorism

Question 5

Mario has not been doing well in his third-grade classroom. His teacher noticed that he wasn’t focusing in class and mistakenly thought he was being lazy. In fact, the truth was that Mario’s family couldn’t afford enough food to feed their family and therefore, he regularly goes to school without and breakfast. Which level of need would best describe what is going on with Mario?

Answer 5

physiological

Question 6

___ focused on the potential of humans to be creative, have a positive outlook and pursue higher values through a process of self-actualization

Answer 6

Abraham Maslow

Question 7

In the late 19th century, this approach to psychology measured basic elements of conscious experiences to provide scientific evidence to understand the mind

Answer 7

structuralism

Question 8

In the late 1800s, this approach examined how the mind operates and how conscious thoughts in the mind have continually evolved since the beginning of time

Answer 8

functionalism

Question 9

Which school of thought examined mental processes that are in the unconscious mind to explain behavior?

Answer 9

psychodynamic

Question 10

Which school of thought in the early 2oth century focused on observable behavior and relationships between stimuli and responses?

Answer 10

behaviorism

Question 11

Which perspective withing psychology emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all people?

Answer 11

humanism

Question 12

You spend weeks teaching your new dog how to roll over. The rewards and reinforcers you use to shape her behavior are based on which early school of psychology.

Answer 12

behaviorism

Question 13

Scientific theories are

Answer 13

supported by evidence

Question 14

Vashna’s parents give her an allowance every day that her bed is made, and her room is picked dup. Her parents are utilizing principles from which school of psychology?

Answer 14

behaviorism

Question 15

A person’s conscience and voice of reason and goodness is the

Answer 15

superego

Question 16

Wilhelm Wundt’s usage of introspection to measure the workings of the mind is known as

Answer 16

structuralism

Question 17

Which of the following are major areas of interest in cognitive psychology?

Answer 17

perception and language

Question 18

According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following is a way to access the unconscious mind?

Answer 18

seemingly innocent slips of the tongue

Question 19

Which questions would a social psychologist most likely address when studying Alzheimer’s disease?

Answer 19

How does caring for a person with Alzheimer’s affect family members? How does it affect family members financially, physically and emotionally? How do societies in other cultures provide care for persons with Alzheimer’s disease?

Question 20

In Milgram’s controversial study on obedience, nearly ___ of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person becase they were told to do so by an authority figure.

Answer 20

2/3

Question 21

Cognitive psychology is characterized by all of the following except

Answer 21

it emphasizes introspection

Question 22

Dr. Lou is a ___ psychologist. His most recent study involved an exploration of how children understand the difference between a horse and a dog. Essentially, he is studying their internal mental processes

Answer 22

cognitive

Question 23

Dr. Khan wants to study the process of changing a habit. She is most likely a ____ psychologist

Answer 23

behavioral

Question 24

Dr. Smith is a ____ psychologist. In therapy, she often asks her clients about their childhood. She also helps them explore the role of the unconscious on conscious behavior

Answer 24

psychodynamic

Question 25

Which questions would a biopsychologist most likely address when studying depression?

Answer 25

Des stress or lack of exercise affect the nervous system and hormones to either cause or prevent depression?

Question 26

If Kayla is interested in personality psychology, she is most likely to study

Answer 26

long-standing traits and patterns that propel behavior

Question 27

Which psychological domain would include a study of learning and conditioning?

Answer 27

developmental psychology

Question 28

____ psychology is the field withing psychology that focuses on studying thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions

Answer 28

cognitive

Question 29

Which of the following degrees would be the minimum required to teach psychology courses in high school?

Answer 29

bachelor’s degree

Question 30

One would need at least a(n) ____ degree to serve as a school psychologist

Answer 30

master’s

Question 31

Typically, an adjunct psychology professor will have a

Answer 31

master’s degree in psychology