Psychological disorders Flashcards
Define abnormalities
abnormal behaviour is behaviour that is personally distressing, personally dysfunctional and or so culturally deviant that other people judge it to be inappropriate or maladaptive. (distressing self/others, violates social norms, dysfunctional for person or society).
Factors that might contribute to development of a psychological disorder?
Trauma, stress, environment, childhood trauma, neglect, drugs, genetics, attachment types, abuse etc.
Vulnerability stress model
each of us has some degree of vulnerability for developing a psychological disoders, can be biological, environmental, social and or cultural. Disorder is created when triggered by a stressor
Predisposing factor
any factors that put the person at rick of developing a psychological disorder. Genetics, SES, temperament, personality
Precipitating factor
specific events that have triggered the event. Can be negative/positive, any big life events that have a lot of change, can cause mental illness, drug use/alcohol use.
Perpetuating factor
help to maintain the disorder once it is developed, continue to aide the disorders. self destructive behaviour patterns, maladaptive coping strategies
Protective factors
prevents or reduce the disorder, the strengths, help promote positive aspects. Level of resilience, insight
what is a Mental status examination
is a method of organising and evaluating clinical observations relating to mental status or condition. - Objectively evaluate patients behaviour, identify signs of illness, characterize changes in illness course
MSE affect
- observation of their current mood state right in the moment
MSE mood
when you ask the client how they have been feeling, their perception of their mood state, over past week
MSE attitude
how are they reacting to meeting you, how motivated they are to get help
MSE behaviour
eye contact, facial expression, reserved, or open
MSE Appearance
notice about the way that they look physically, personal hygiene
MSE perception
are they experience hallucinations, derealization- perception of the world changes to the extent that it seems surreal/separation from your surroundings, depersonalization- detachment from ones self, out of body experience.
MSE memory/intelligence
do they seem to have problems with memory
MSE orientation/ consciousness
are they aware of when, where, who they are
MSE judgement/insight
ability to make sound decisions, problem solve and insight is whether they realise there is an issue/ what going on
MSE speech/thought
is their speech fast slow, normal, is their lack of speech, low high volume,
MSE Thought
assess their logic, do they have irrational beliefs, grandeur, religious, suicidal
Anxiety components have four components?
1 subjective-emotional component including feelings of fear and apprehension,
2 cognitive components, including worrisome thoughts and a sense of inability to cope,
3 physiological responses including increased heart rate and blood pressure, muscle tension, rapid breathing, nausea or dry mouth,
4 behavioral responses, such as avoidance of certain situations and impaired performance on other tasks
In an anxiety and related disorders, the frequency and intensity of the anxiety are out of proportion to the situations that trigger them.
Anxiety is at the root of other disorders?
PTSD Obsessive compulsive disorder generalised anxiety disorder social phobia agoraphobia panic disorder
what do somantic symptoms and related disorders involve?
, involve complaints or disabilities that suggest a medical problem but which do not always have a known biological cause and are not produced voluntarily by the person. – one of the most interesting disorders is conversion disorder, in which serious neurological symptoms, such as paralysis, loss of sensation or blindness, suddenly appear, researches discovered the largest known civilian group of people in the world with trauma-induced blindness were Cambodian refugees who escaped their country, survivors of the “killing fields”, more than 150 became blind, even though their eyes appeared intact and electrophysiological monitoring showed that visual stimuli registered in their visual cortex.
dissociative disorders involve?
a breakdown of normal personality integration, resulting in significant alterations in memory or identity.
Dissociative amnesia?
a person responds to a stressful event with extensive but selective memory loss
