Psychological Development

Question 1

Heredity

Answer 1

The transmission of characteristics from the biological parent to their offsprings via genes at the time of conception

Question 2

Environment

Answer 2

All the experiences, objects and events to which we are exposed to throughout our lifetimes.

Question 3

Epi genetics

Answer 3

The study of when and how a gene is expressed.

Question 4

Maturation

Answer 4

Maturation refers to the orderly and sequential development changes which occur in the nervous system and other bodily structures controlled by our genes. Eg: when children are learning to speak they first start of with hearing sounds then they learn words, then sentences.

Question 5

Principle of readiness

Answer 5

The principle of readiness is the idea that unless the necessary bodily structures are sufficiently mature, be they muscles, bone, the brain, neurone, nerves, or neurotransmitters then no amount of practise will produce a result.

Question 6

TWIN STUDIES:
Monozygotic (identical) twins, Dizygotic (fraternal) twins

Answer 6

Monozygotic twins share 100% of their genes. Because of this psychologists can more easily study the effect of environment. Dizygotic twins share 50% of their genes, and they’re formed from two different sperms

Question 7

ADOPTION STUDIES:

Answer 7

-Where psychologists study the influences of heredity and environment. Adopted children have no genetic similarity to there adoptive parents. By examining the similarities and differences of adopted children and the adoptive and biological parents psychologists could gain insight into the relative influences of heredity and environment.