Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic Theory Flashcards
This theory is deterministic in philosophy:
- by irrational forces
- unconscious motivation
- biological/instinctive drives
The goal of much of life is gaining pleasure and avoiding pain.
Explain the philosophy of Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic theory
Emphasizes history, specifically the first 6 years, or the formative years
What does Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic theory emphasize?
Neutral, or anonymous, also very time consuming (and costly!)
Therapists role in Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic theory
The Id
The Superego
Ego
Three parts of personality in Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic theory
Biological Component
- The demanding child who is ruled by the pleasure principle
- entirely unconscious
- condition at birth
- not rational, amoral
- life and death instincts (driven to satisfy instinctual needs)
- cannot tolerate tension and functions to discharge tension immediately
Id
Social Component
- judicial branch
- includes a person’s moral code
- is the action good or bad, right or wrong?
- the perfectionist
- not rational
- ruled by the morality principle
- seeks perfection
- represents authority (parents & society)
- Does NOT strive for Pleasure
Superego
Psychological Component
- “The traffic Cop”,
- governs, control’s, and regulates the personality
- ruled by the reality principle
- postpones pleasure
- get’s pleasure from other things
- objective/rational
- uses defense mechanisms to deal with anxiety
- mediator between the Id and Superego
- keeps things in balance
- based in reality
- realistic thinker
Ego
These come from the tension between the ID and Superego
Defense Mechanisms
Threatening instinctual impulses from the ID are removed from consciousness (perceptions distorted, memories forgotten) unconscious is pushed
Repression
Id is frustrated and protects the ego from frustration of the situation
-conscious
Denial
Unconsciously attributing one’s own unacceptable impulses, attitudes, and behaviors to other people
Projection
Justifying specific behaviors
- aids in softening the blow
- explaining away
Rationalization
Clinging to immature/inappropriate behaviors
-going back, crying, hiding
Regression
Shifting from a threatening object to a safer target (or scapegoat)
- yelling at kids
Displacement
Taking in and swallowing the values and standards of others
-identifying w/ parent’s beliefs
Introjection
- Free association
- Interpretation
- Dream Analysis
- Figure out Resistance
Techniques used by Psychodynamic/Psychoanalytic theorists
The client reports without censoring feelings or thoughts
Free Association
The therapists explains whatever is revealed
Interpretation
The therapist uses “royal road to the unconscious” to reveal it
Dream Analysis
- Reluctance to bring unconscious to consciousness
- transference
- counter-transference
Figuring out Resistance
An unconscious shifting
Transference
Inappropriate affect and response to client
Countertransference
Ages 0-2
Freud’s Oral Developmental Stage
Erikson’s Trust vs. mistrust developmental stage
2-4
Freud’s anal developmental stage
Erikson’s autonomy vs. shame and doubt
4-6
Freud’s phallic developmental stage
Eikson’s initiative vs. guilt developmental stage
6-12
Freud’s latency developmental stage
Erikson’s industry vs. inferiority developmental stage
12+
Freud’s genital developmental stage
Erikson’s Identify vs. role confusion developmental stage
Young adult
Erikson’s intimacy vs. isolation developmental stage
Middle age
Erikson’s generativity vs stagnation developmental stage
Senior years
Erikson’s integrity vs. despair developmental stage
Principle aimed at reducing tension, avoiding pain, and gaining pleasure
The Pleasure Principle
The satisfaction of instinctual needs through awareness of and adjustment to environmental demands.
The Reality Principle
Stores all the experiences, ,memories, and repressed material
The Unconscious
- Dreams (symbolic representations of unconscious needs, wishes, and conflicts)
- Slips of the tongue and forgetting
- posthypnotic suggestions
- material derived from free-association techniques
- material derived from projective techniques
- symbolic content of psychotic symptoms
Unconscious processes
A feeling of dread that results from repressed feelings, memories, desires, and experience that emerge to the surface of awareness
Anxiety
The fear of danger from the external world, and the level of such anxiety is proportionate to the degree of real threat.
-neurotic and moral anxieties are evoked by threats to the “balance of power” within the person
Reality Anxiety
The fear that the instincts will get out of hand and cause one to do something for which one will be punished
Neurotic Anxiety
The fear of one’s own conscience.
Moral Anxiety
