psychodynamic

Question 1

what are the 5 psychosexual stages

Answer 1

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Question 2

describe the psychosexual stages

Answer 2

oral- focus of pleasure in the mouth, mother’s breast focus of desire
anal- FOP anus, child focuses on expelling and withholding faeces
phallic- FOP genitals, experience oediplus or electra complex
latency- prev conflicts suppressed, early years forgotten
genital- sexual desired conscious with onset puberty

Question 3

what is the oediplus complex

Answer 3

boys develop incestuous feelings towards mother and hatred towards father

develops castration anxiety, need to identify with father to resolve this

conflict between lust for mother and fear of father

Question 4

what is electra complex

Answer 4

girls experience penis envy
resolve by repressing desire for father

Question 5

mains assumptions of psychodynamic

Answer 5

behaviour is influenced by your unconscious
childhood experiences are important

Question 6

what os the structure of personality

Answer 6

id, superego and ego

Question 7

what is the id and when is it present from

Answer 7

from birth, also known as the pleasure principle

instincts and basic drives towards sex and aggression

Question 8

what is the superego and when is it present from

Answer 8

develops after socialisation later in childhood
conscious and moral standards

Question 9

what is the ego
balances the id and superego
when balance can’t be achieved it causes abnormal behaviour

Question 10

what are the 3 defence mechanisms and what do they all do

Answer 10

repression, denial, displacement

reduce anxiety

Question 11

what is repression

Answer 11

traumatic memories forced into unconscious which can still break through and affect behaviour

Question 12

what is denial

Answer 12

deny an event so it cannot cause anxiety
refusal to acknowledge reality of situation

Question 13

what is displacement

Answer 13

redirection of emotion to an easier target

unconscious process

Question 14

what is fixation

Answer 14

unresolved conflict, when needs at a stage are not met or overly satisfied

Question 15

what are strengths of the psychodynamic model

Answer 15

1. practical application- psychoanalysis:
   established pa which is still used in modern therapy. this is successful for mild neuroses but is inappropriate for serious mental disorders

2.revolutionised psychotherapy:
Freud shifted focus of treating mental illness psychologically rather than physical methods by developing pa
pas employ free association encouraging clients to verbalise emotions to reveal repressed unconscious memories. these methods influence clinical psych - Briggs found reduction in suicidal behaviour. mi may be due to unconscious conflict

Question 16

limitation of psychodynamic approach

Answer 16

androcentric:
views on women and. female sexuality less developed than males
electra complex was developed years after oediplus, still less developed
female development seen as deviant from male norm, defined by the fact that they aren’t male- failed masculinity
they don’t identify with their mothers as strongly as boys identify with their fathers so develop weaker superegos
applied to all humans, treatment not effective for women

Question 17

psychodynamic i&d

Answer 17

all beh. determined by unconscious conflicts rooted in childhood that we have no control over (no free will)
no such thing as an accident
not many psychs accept this view as there is no free will suggesting freud’s views were too extreme as most ppl do have a sense of control over their behaviour

Question 18

briefly explain one strength and one limitation of the psychodynamic approach

Answer 18

strength= practical application of psychoanalysis as a treatment for mental health issues
limitation= subjective, the unconscious can only be inferred from behaviour

Question 19

describe the role of defence mechanisms

Answer 19

reduce anxiety and help the ego manage conflict between the id and superego

Question 20

role of the unconscious

Answer 20

protects the conscious self from conflict, defence mechanisms are used unconsciously to reduce anxiety