Psychoactive Substance Use - Disorders Flashcards
In the historical perspective of substance use, how can someone get put into this situation?
Substance use is a personal decision based on moral social, and health factors.
When someone loses control over their substance use, what can happen in this aspect?
The person can take in greater amounts than intended.
What could happen if someone has functional impairment?
They experience reduction with social or work activities.
What are some of the affective/physical adaptations involved with substance?
Tolerance, withdrawal, e.g.
With the Opponent-Process Model of Acquired Dependence, what is the “Opponent-Process-Emotional Function”?
A human tendency for Emotional Rebound.
Describe the process with the “Opponent-Process-Acquired Dependence”.
When someone uses a drug, that drug stops their withdrawals rather than creating a pleasure or tolerance of the drug.
What is involved with the “Opponent-Process-Acquired Dependence”?
Emotional pleasure from drug, emotional tolerance to drug, and emotional withdrawal from drug.
How can someone learn dependence?
Environmental cues and classical conditioning, which can lead to relapse.
What is involved with “Incentive-Sensitization Theory”?
Craving (wanting) with pleasure (taking).
What happens if pleasure decreases?
Craving remains strong and is cue-related.
Alcohol is a CNS depressive function. How can this become healthy/beneficial to the consumer?
Moderation - Limitation to the amount that is consumed.
Give examples of Opiates.
Morphine, derivatives (Heroin), Oxycodone, Hydrocodone
Give examples of Sedatives.
Barbiturates, Anxiolytics
Give examples of Stimulants.
Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, Cocaine
Give examples of Hallucinogens.
LSD, Mescaline
Give examples of Marijuana and Tobacco.
THC, Nicotine (fits better under Stimulants)
What is involved with the “Bio” aspect of the Biopsychosocial Model?
Genetic tendencies that tolerate or metabolize, risk and pleasure seeking variation, and dopamine receptor variation.
What is involved with the “Psycho” aspect of the Biopsychosocial Model?
Tension reduction, mood alterations, neuroticism, positive attributes, and expectancies.
What is involved with the “Social” aspect of the Biopsychosocial Model?
Influential models, peers, parents, and cultural influences (media).
What are some treatments for Alcohol?
Controlled drinking, abstinence, in-patient detox, and AA aftercare
What are some treatments for smoking?
Step down, contingencies, and nicotine replacement.
There are ways for people to know more about the issues of smoking. What are they?
Education, Expensive, Inconvenience
