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Psyh 2 > Psychoactive Drugs > Flashcards

Psychoactive Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Psycho active

A

Affecting the mind (changes sensation perception mood or cognitive processing)

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2
Q

Addiction

A

Chronic recurring brain disease characterized by a continual drug usage despite of harmful connections to changes in brain structure and the way it works

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3
Q

Debate about disease

A
  1. implies person has no choice 2. some applied addiction to other behaviors that is not a disease
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4
Q

Why do some but not all people get addicted

A

Environmental factors and biological factors

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5
Q

What are the risk factors

A

Positive correlation with addictions: example aggressive behavior young childhood lack of parental supervision poor social skills community poverty drug experiments and availability of drugs

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6
Q

What are protective factors

A

Negative correlation with addiction. Self control Parental monitoring and support positive relationships academic competence schools anti-drug policy and neighborhood pride

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7
Q

What age does brain fully develop

A

Mid 20s

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8
Q

How are drugs administered for higher risk of addiction

A

Smoked or injected

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9
Q

How drugs work in the brain

A

Chemical interference with neurotransmitters work

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10
Q

Marijuana and heroin

A

Mimics dopamine: neuron fires abnormal messages to brain

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11
Q

Amphetamines and cocaine

A

Causes large amounts of neurotransmitters to be released

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12
Q

Dopamine

A

A neurotransmitter movement of emotions motivation and feeling of pleasure

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13
Q

Overstimulating dopamine level of the drugs

A

Drug use goes up dopamine level goes up by 2 to 10 times which stops enjoyment in normal things with continual use

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14
Q

What is a normal level of dopamine

A

Enjoyment hobbies sex and pleasure

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15
Q

Regular use of drugs and the brain

A

Changes physical structure of the brain

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16
Q

Psychological dependency

A

Person believes they need drugs to cope with negative emotions

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17
Q

Tolerance

A

With continued use body adapts and requires a larger and larger amounts of drugs

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18
Q

What leads to overdose

A

When body adapts and requires larger and larger amounts of drugs to get desired affect

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19
Q

Classifications of drugs

A

Depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens

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20
Q

Depressants

A

Slows down, firing of neurons to various body functions

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21
Q

Types of depressants

A

Heroin and alcohol

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22
Q

Effects of heroin

A

6 to 24 hours after use symptoms may consist of: nausea diarrhea depression pain cramps insomnia clouded mental functions (Causes accident, coma death, spontaneous abortion, conversions, collapsed veins, HIV or AIDS with shared needles with an infected user)

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23
Q

Short-term effects of alcohol

A

Person acts on impulse, depresses inhibitor in the brain, lower self awareness of time or place, lowers body heat, disrupt the process of memory, how your sexual arousal, but lowers sexual performance

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24
Q

Why is drinking and driving dangerous

A

Slows reaction time, reduce his judgment, distorted perception per one beer for a 150 pound average man

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25
Q

What percentage of blood alcohol content is considered to be drunk in the US

A

0.08%

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26
Q

What blood alcohol content percentage causes fatal accident

A

BAC Between 0.08% to 0.09% are at 11 to 52 times more risk of a fatal accident

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27
Q

How many deaths per year due to alcohol usage

A

79,000 in the US

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28
Q

Percentage of fatal car accidents involving alcohol

A

40%, 32 people die every day due to drunk drivers

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29
Q

Drivers with blood alcohol content of 0.08% or less

A

Over 1/3 of people are between the ages 21 to 24 (34%) ages 25-35 (31%) 36-44 (25%)

30
Q

Health affects of alcohol usage

A

High blood pressure, authors, cancer, brain shrinks, memory and learning, damages heart and liver

31
Q

Percentage of people becoming alcoholics

A

15%, where is our lower if drinkers start after 21 (Parent drinkers increase their children’s risk of becoming alcoholics by 3 to 4 times)

32
Q

Stimulants

A

Causes users to feel more energized, causes the body to use it stored reserve energy

33
Q

Cocaine

A

A stimulant, most addictive drug

34
Q

Effects of cocaine

A

Rush of euphoria that last 15 to 30 minutes

35
Q

After effects of cocaine

A

Depression, anxiety, restlessness, irritability, insomnia, cravings, feeling of persecution, hallucination

36
Q

Strongest form of cocaine

A

Crack, can become addicted within weeks

37
Q

Case study on crack addicts

A

50% of attics go back to usage after graduating from treatment program

38
Q

Meth

A

Extreme weight loss, severe dental problems, confusion, insomnia, mood paranoia, violent behaviors

39
Q

Short-term effects of marijuana

A

Over activates the brain and alter senses

40
Q

Smoking marijuana

A

THC goes to the lungs then bloodstream and then the brain then to other organs

41
Q

Oral consumption of marijuana

A

30 minutes to an hour to feel effects

42
Q

Long term effects of marijuana

A

Development of the brain, if teens began smoking marijuana impairs the development of brain

43
Q

Health effects of marijuana

A

Heart rate increases up to three hours: higher risk of heart attack

44
Q

Marijuana and pregnant women

A

Lowers birth weight, brain problems, behavioral problems

45
Q

Mental effects of marijuana usage

A

Hallucinations, paranoia, depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts

46
Q

Is marijuana addictive

A

Yes, 9 to 30% of people become addicted

47
Q

If smoking marijuana before the age of 18

A

4 to 7 times more likely to get addicted

48
Q

What is the percentage of crime involving alcohol

A

25 to 30%

49
Q

Nicotine

A

Increases energy, alertness, releases endorphins, pain reducer, sharpens memory

50
Q

What makes cigarettes addictive

A

Nicotine

51
Q

Nicotine is one of the deadliest poisons

A

Ash is used to kill pest in gardens

52
Q

Smokers only absorb are only what percent of the nicotine in a cigarette

A

10% of nicotine in a cigarette, If 100% would take only 30 seconds to cause instant death from nicotine poisoning

53
Q

How many different cancer-causing substance is the cigarettes contain

A

43

54
Q

On average how long do smokers live vs. non-smokers

A

On average 10 to 14 years less

55
Q

How many minutes does it take off a persons life

A

Each cigarette takes an average of 12 minutes

56
Q

30% of all heart attacks and cardiovascular deaths

A

Heart disease caused by cigarettes

57
Q

What percent of cancer is caused by Tobacco or cigarettes

A

At least 30% of all cancer death and 87% of lung cancer death each year

58
Q

Lung problems due to cigarettes of usage

A

Lung problems, smoking is responsible for 82% of deaths due to emphysema and chronic bronchitis

59
Q

Smoking during pregnancy

A

Causes miscarriages, low birth weight

60
Q

What does smoking also do to your body

A

Ages skin, slowdowns wound healing

61
Q

How many non-smokers die per year from exposure to secondhand smoke

A

50,000

62
Q

Risk of lung cancer due to secondhand smoking

A

Non-smoking adults living what’s a smoker or at a risk of 24% higher, adults around smoke at work or at risk for 39% higher, non-smoking adults in social settings were people are smoking two hours per week is at 50% higher risk of developing lung cancer

63
Q

Non-smokers exposed at home or work

A

25 to 30% increase risk of heart disease

64
Q

About half of adult smoked during what year

A

1964, that was the year the official government report came up at Smoking was harmful

65
Q

1990

A

26% of American adults smoked

66
Q

2007

A

20% of American adults smoked

67
Q

2014

A

1648% of American smoked

68
Q

State with the highest rate of smoking

A

West Virginia, 26.7%

69
Q

States with the lowest rate of smokers

A

Utah, 9.7%. California came in second lowest at 12% of adult smoking

70
Q

Can you die from chewing tobacco

A

Sam died from oral cancer caused by chewing

71
Q

What is the most common method of quitting smoking

A

Cold turkey, other methods you will try about four times before success

Psyh 2 (1 decks)

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