Psychoactive Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Psycho active

A

Affecting the mind (changes sensation perception mood or cognitive processing)

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2
Q

Addiction

A

Chronic recurring brain disease characterized by a continual drug usage despite of harmful connections to changes in brain structure and the way it works

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3
Q

Debate about disease

A
  1. implies person has no choice 2. some applied addiction to other behaviors that is not a disease
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4
Q

Why do some but not all people get addicted

A

Environmental factors and biological factors

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5
Q

What are the risk factors

A

Positive correlation with addictions: example aggressive behavior young childhood lack of parental supervision poor social skills community poverty drug experiments and availability of drugs

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6
Q

What are protective factors

A

Negative correlation with addiction. Self control Parental monitoring and support positive relationships academic competence schools anti-drug policy and neighborhood pride

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7
Q

What age does brain fully develop

A

Mid 20s

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8
Q

How are drugs administered for higher risk of addiction

A

Smoked or injected

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9
Q

How drugs work in the brain

A

Chemical interference with neurotransmitters work

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10
Q

Marijuana and heroin

A

Mimics dopamine: neuron fires abnormal messages to brain

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11
Q

Amphetamines and cocaine

A

Causes large amounts of neurotransmitters to be released

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12
Q

Dopamine

A

A neurotransmitter movement of emotions motivation and feeling of pleasure

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13
Q

Overstimulating dopamine level of the drugs

A

Drug use goes up dopamine level goes up by 2 to 10 times which stops enjoyment in normal things with continual use

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14
Q

What is a normal level of dopamine

A

Enjoyment hobbies sex and pleasure

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15
Q

Regular use of drugs and the brain

A

Changes physical structure of the brain

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16
Q

Psychological dependency

A

Person believes they need drugs to cope with negative emotions

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17
Q

Tolerance

A

With continued use body adapts and requires a larger and larger amounts of drugs

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18
Q

What leads to overdose

A

When body adapts and requires larger and larger amounts of drugs to get desired affect

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19
Q

Classifications of drugs

A

Depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens

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20
Q

Depressants

A

Slows down, firing of neurons to various body functions

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21
Q

Types of depressants

A

Heroin and alcohol

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22
Q

Effects of heroin

A

6 to 24 hours after use symptoms may consist of: nausea diarrhea depression pain cramps insomnia clouded mental functions (Causes accident, coma death, spontaneous abortion, conversions, collapsed veins, HIV or AIDS with shared needles with an infected user)

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23
Q

Short-term effects of alcohol

A

Person acts on impulse, depresses inhibitor in the brain, lower self awareness of time or place, lowers body heat, disrupt the process of memory, how your sexual arousal, but lowers sexual performance

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24
Q

Why is drinking and driving dangerous

A

Slows reaction time, reduce his judgment, distorted perception per one beer for a 150 pound average man

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25
What percentage of blood alcohol content is considered to be drunk in the US
0.08%
26
What blood alcohol content percentage causes fatal accident
BAC Between 0.08% to 0.09% are at 11 to 52 times more risk of a fatal accident
27
How many deaths per year due to alcohol usage
79,000 in the US
28
Percentage of fatal car accidents involving alcohol
40%, 32 people die every day due to drunk drivers
29
Drivers with blood alcohol content of 0.08% or less
Over 1/3 of people are between the ages 21 to 24 (34%) ages 25-35 (31%) 36-44 (25%)
30
Health affects of alcohol usage
High blood pressure, authors, cancer, brain shrinks, memory and learning, damages heart and liver
31
Percentage of people becoming alcoholics
15%, where is our lower if drinkers start after 21 (Parent drinkers increase their children’s risk of becoming alcoholics by 3 to 4 times)
32
Stimulants
Causes users to feel more energized, causes the body to use it stored reserve energy
33
Cocaine
A stimulant, most addictive drug
34
Effects of cocaine
Rush of euphoria that last 15 to 30 minutes
35
After effects of cocaine
Depression, anxiety, restlessness, irritability, insomnia, cravings, feeling of persecution, hallucination
36
Strongest form of cocaine
Crack, can become addicted within weeks
37
Case study on crack addicts
50% of attics go back to usage after graduating from treatment program
38
Meth
Extreme weight loss, severe dental problems, confusion, insomnia, mood paranoia, violent behaviors
39
Short-term effects of marijuana
Over activates the brain and alter senses
40
Smoking marijuana
THC goes to the lungs then bloodstream and then the brain then to other organs
41
Oral consumption of marijuana
30 minutes to an hour to feel effects
42
Long term effects of marijuana
Development of the brain, if teens began smoking marijuana impairs the development of brain
43
Health effects of marijuana
Heart rate increases up to three hours: higher risk of heart attack
44
Marijuana and pregnant women
Lowers birth weight, brain problems, behavioral problems
45
Mental effects of marijuana usage
Hallucinations, paranoia, depression, anxiety, suicidal thoughts
46
Is marijuana addictive
Yes, 9 to 30% of people become addicted
47
If smoking marijuana before the age of 18
4 to 7 times more likely to get addicted
48
What is the percentage of crime involving alcohol
25 to 30%
49
Nicotine
Increases energy, alertness, releases endorphins, pain reducer, sharpens memory
50
What makes cigarettes addictive
Nicotine
51
Nicotine is one of the deadliest poisons
Ash is used to kill pest in gardens
52
Smokers only absorb are only what percent of the nicotine in a cigarette
10% of nicotine in a cigarette, If 100% would take only 30 seconds to cause instant death from nicotine poisoning
53
How many different cancer-causing substance is the cigarettes contain
43
54
On average how long do smokers live vs. non-smokers
On average 10 to 14 years less
55
How many minutes does it take off a persons life
Each cigarette takes an average of 12 minutes
56
30% of all heart attacks and cardiovascular deaths
Heart disease caused by cigarettes
57
What percent of cancer is caused by Tobacco or cigarettes
At least 30% of all cancer death and 87% of lung cancer death each year
58
Lung problems due to cigarettes of usage
Lung problems, smoking is responsible for 82% of deaths due to emphysema and chronic bronchitis
59
Smoking during pregnancy
Causes miscarriages, low birth weight
60
What does smoking also do to your body
Ages skin, slowdowns wound healing
61
How many non-smokers die per year from exposure to secondhand smoke
50,000
62
Risk of lung cancer due to secondhand smoking
Non-smoking adults living what’s a smoker or at a risk of 24% higher, adults around smoke at work or at risk for 39% higher, non-smoking adults in social settings were people are smoking two hours per week is at 50% higher risk of developing lung cancer
63
Non-smokers exposed at home or work
25 to 30% increase risk of heart disease
64
About half of adult smoked during what year
1964, that was the year the official government report came up at Smoking was harmful
65
1990
26% of American adults smoked
66
2007
20% of American adults smoked
67
2014
1648% of American smoked
68
State with the highest rate of smoking
West Virginia, 26.7%
69
States with the lowest rate of smokers
Utah, 9.7%. California came in second lowest at 12% of adult smoking
70
Can you die from chewing tobacco
Sam died from oral cancer caused by chewing
71
What is the most common method of quitting smoking
Cold turkey, other methods you will try about four times before success