Psychiatry

Question 1

Suicide risk factors (10)

Answer 1

Mneumonic: SAD PERSONS

S-Sex (male more likely to succeed, women more likely to try)
A-Age (Young adult or elderly)
D-Depression (+antidepressants in people under 25, especially if taking them for other causes than depression)
P-Previous attempt (#1 risk factor)
E-Ethanol or drug abuse
R-Rational thinking loss (psychosis)
S-Sickness (somatic)
O-Organized plan
N-No social support or spouse
S-Stated future intent

Also Family history, loss, history of childhood abuse or other mental disorders

Question 2

What is the timeframe of ASD vs PTSD?

Answer 2

ASD: 3 days-1 month
PTSD: > 1 month

Question 3

ASD treatment

Answer 3

CBT (useful to prevent progression into PTSD)

Pharma usually not used

Question 4

Symptoms of PTSD

Answer 4

More than 1 month of:

• Intrusive symptoms
• Avoidance of associasions to traumatic event
• Decreased mood and cognition
• Change in arousal
• Sleep disturbances (dreams nightmares)
• Hypervigilance

Question 5

Treatment PTSD

Answer 5

• SSRI, Benzo, CBT
• Prazosin (against nightmares)
• EDMR

Question 6

Define delusion

Answer 6

A false fixed belief that is not supported by a persons cultural background, that is not amendable to change despiite conflicting evidence.

Question 7

What types of delusions are there?

Answer 7

Not PREGRS

N-Nihilistic
P-Persecutory
R-Reference
E-Erotomania
G-Grandiose
R-Religious
S-Somatic

Question 8

What are Nihilistic delusions?

Answer 8

Belief that things do not exist; everything is unreal

Question 9

What are Persecutory delusions?

Answer 9

Belief that others are trying to harm you

Question 10

What are Reference delusions?

Answer 10

Belief that publicly know people or events ave a direct reference to you

Question 11

What is Erotomania?

Answer 11

Belief that another is in love with you

Question 12

What are Grandiose delusions?

Answer 12

Belief that one is wealthy, omnipotent, powerful etc.

Question 13

What are Religious delusions?

Answer 13

Belief of receiving instructions/powers from a higher being; of being a higher being

Question 14

What are Somatic delusions?

Answer 14

Belief that you have a physical disorder/defect

Question 15

Differentiate Hallucinations, Pseudohallucinations and Parahallucinations

Answer 15

Hallucinations: Sensory experience that isnt real in abscence of external stimuli, believed by the patient.

Pseudohallusinations: Similar to hallucination, but the patient is aware that it isnt real.

Parahallucinations: Similar to pseudohallucination, but caused by damage to the nervous system

Question 16

Name 4 SSRIs

Answer 16

(es)citalopram, paroxetine, fluoxetine, sertraline

Question 17

What are side effects of SSRIs?

Answer 17

• Weight gain
• Anorgasmia + decreased sexual interest
• Drowsiness, insomnia
• Nausea, numbness,tingling
• Hyponatremia (SIADH)
• Serotonin syndrome
• Increased risk for depression and suicide (early, not later on)

Question 18

What does the triad in serotonin syndrome consist of?

Answer 18

Mental status change
Muscle tone change
Autonomic change