Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AMC Pharmacology > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Gold Standard Tx for Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

Behavioral/ Developmental therapies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Medical Tx for Autism Spectrum Disorder

A

For repetitive stereotypical behavior , anxiety - SSRIs
For aggression , self injury - Antipsychotics ( only resperidone or aripriprazole)
For ADHD with ASD - methylphenidate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Initial TX for Tourettes Disorder

A

CBT or Habit reversal Therapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Tx for severe or refractory Tourettes Disorder

A

1st line - Alpha- adrenergic agonists - guanfacine , clonidine OR tetrabenazine
typical or atypical antipsychotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Tx for separation anxiety disorder

A
  • psychotherapy ( CBT , Exposure therapy)
  • play therapy
  • and SSRIs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tx for selective mutism

A

CBT and SSRIs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Tx for Reactive Attachment disorder

A

behavioral modification for primary caregivers
referral to mental health professionals
tx of associated conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

TX for ADHD

A

for pre-school children - only behavioral interventions
for school aged children and adults - Behavioral intervention PLUS stimulants ( methylphenidate / dexamphetamine/etc ) or non-stimulants like atomoxetine
Fish Oils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

mechanism of action of stimulants

A

Increases noradrenalin and/or dopamine at the synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

side effects of stimulants

A 
Common 
- decreased appetite 
- poor weight gain 
uncommon 
- headache/dizziness 
- stomach aches 
- insomnia 
- irritable , withdrawn or highly emotional
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

benefits of atomoxetine ( straterra) over stimulant use in ADHD

A
  • no potential for addiction

- good for use in history of substance abuse( pt or family)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

limitation of atomoxetine use

A

increased risk of suicidal ideation in children and adolescents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tx for pyromania or kleptomania

A

CBT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tx of DMDD

A

psychotherapy

pharamacotherapy - stimulants , antidepressants and atypical antipsychotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Tx of conduct disorder

A

psychotherapy
pharmacotherapy for comorbid disorders
antipsychotics or mood stabilizers for severe aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tx for intermittent explosive disorder

A

CBT

pharmacotherapy - SSRIs or mood stabilizers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tx in acute phase of Schizophrenia

A

first line - 2nd gen antipsychotics PO

  • if not effective within 3 weeks - increase dose
  • if not effective within 4-6 weeks
    a) switch to another 2nd gen antipsychotic OR
    b) switch to a 1st gen antipsychotic

Parenteral
- Haloperidol/Olanzapine + Benztropine/Zuclopenthixol Acetate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what should be added to the tx of a very agitated schizophrenic patient in Acute phase

A

IV Diazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

TX for Acute Dystonia

A

Benztropine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Tx for Akathisia

A
  • lower dose
  • substitute with thioridazine
  • for short term - PO benztropine , propranolol or diazepam
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Tx for Parkinsonism

A
  • lower dose
  • substitute with phenothiazine
  • For short term - benztropine or benzhexol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Tx for Tardive Dyskinesia

A
  • drug withdrawal

if ineffective - use tetrabenazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how to prevent Tardive dyskinesia

A

use the lowest possible dose for chronic use of antipsychotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

side effect of chlorpromazine

A

corneal deposits - photosensitivity reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Tx of drug resistant schizophrenia
ECT | or trial of clozapine or olanzapine
26
Side effect of Clozapine
Agranulocytosis
27
side effects of antipsychotics
``` 1-Prolongation of QT interval - especially the phenothiazines 2- NMS 3-EPS a) acute dystonia b) akathisia c) Parkinsonism d) tardive dyskinesia ```
28
First line treatment in acute mania
- hospitalization | olanzapine Or resperidone
29
second line treatment in acute mania
- Haloperidol / any 1st gen antipsychotic - Lithium carbonate - Sodium Valproate - Carbamazepine
30
what to do if there is failure to respond to treatment in acute mania
- ensure maximum concentration of first drug - switch to a different drug (1st - to 2nd line) - Combine drug (eg - 2nd gen antipsychotic + lithium) - or ECT
31
Prophylactic regimens for recurrent bipolar disorder
- Lithium OR - Lamotrigine/ carbamazepine/ sodium valproate
32
Side effects of Lithium
- a fine tremor ( 1st sign) - muscle weakness - weight gain - GI symptoms
33
First line Tx of GAD
- psychological therapy and non-drug strategies | eg - life coaching and CBT
34
tx of Anxiety disorders | generally for GAD , Panic attacks , phobias (SAD , Agoraphobia , specific phobias)
- SSRIs and other antidepressants for at least 6 months - propranolol for performance subtype (Non -generalized) of SAD - psychotherapy in adjunct is always more beneficial
35
tx for anxiety that has NOT responded to both psychological therapy and antidepressants
Benzodiazepines | - only for less than 6 weeks
36
pharma Tx for specific phobias
Benzodiazepines
37
First line Tx of panic disorder
CBT + SSRIs | rarely benzodiazepines
38
Side effects of Benzodiazepines
- Over sedation - dependence - increased risk of accidents - interaction with alcohol and other drugs - potential for abuse and OD - iatrogenic , and is present in breast milk - muscle weakness - sexual dysfunction - diminished motivation - lowered self esteem
39
First line med for GAD
SSRIs
40
First line med for OCD
SSRIs | +CBT for obsessions / Exposure and response prevention for compulsions
41
First line tx for generalized SAD
SSRIs
42
first line tx for non-generalized SAD
propranolol
43
first line tx for PTSD
SSRIs for at least 12 months + counseling
44
type of psychotherapy for all phobias
behavioral therapy and cognitive therapy
45
tx for body dysmorphic disorder
counseling and psychotherapy
46
tx of acute stress disorder
debriefing and counseling
47
tx for severe , persistent separation anxiety disorder
- SSRIs , if psychotherapy fails
48
tx for depression in Adolescents
1st line - counseling land psychological treatments | +/- SSRIs
49
risk of using SSRIs as antidepressants in adolescents
increased risk of suicidality - hence close monitoring for the first 4 weeks
50
tx of depression in anorexia nervosa
- SSRIs especially fluoxetine
51
Tx of nocturnal enuresis
1) Urotherapy 2) Alarm therapy 3) Meds - desmopressin acetate - TCAs - Anticholinergics - combinations - Alarm + meds / meds+ meds
52
Tx of constipation
1) education and advice 2) behavioral modification 3) last resort pharma a) first line - paraffin oil b) osmotic laxative c) macrogol 3350 with electrolytes
53
management of severe constipation/fecal impaction
- hospitalize + x-ray - macrogol 3350 - microlax enema - if above doesn't work - ColonLYTLEY via NG tube OR Sodium phosphate enema
54
Tx for insomnia
Temazepam Zopiclone Zolpidem Melatonin prolonged release
55
Tx for sleep apnea
1) lifestyle mod - Sleep hygiene ,weight loss , etc. 2) CPAP 3) surgery 4) Meds - Amitriptyline - if severe and intolerable to CPAP - Corticosteroid spray in children
56
Tx for Narcolepsy
- dexamphetamine/ Methylphenidate - TCAs - for sleep paralysis , cataplexy and hallucinations - Modafinil
57
Tx for periodic limb movements (nocturnal myoclonus)
- Levodopa+ carbidopa/ clonazepam/ sodium valproate
58
Tx for Restless Leg Syndrome
Self help advice pharm - Levodopa+ carbidopa (or+ benserazide) / clonazepam - if more severe - pramipexole/ropinirole
59
Tx of Nightmares and sleep terrors
Psychological evaluation with CBT meds - phenytoin - clonazepam/ diazepam
60
Tx of REM sleep behavior disorder
low dose clonazepam
61
Tx of somnambulism
benzodiazepines
62
tx to break a sleepless cycle
- promethazine | - trimeprazine ( NOT for <6month old)
63
tx of parasomnias (sleep terrors , walking and talking) in children
if persistent and severe | - phenytoin / diazepam/ imipramine
64
Sleep problems in the elderly
- benzodiazepines or zolpidem/zopliclone (- if they have chronic medical conditions) - melatonin prolonged release - if with depression - TCA
65
Tx of psychogenic cause of erectile dysfunction
Psychotherapy and behavioral modification
66
Tx of Hormonal cause of erectile dysfunction
a) If testosterone or gonadotrophin deficiency - Stepwise 1) oral - testosterone undecanoate 2) IM- testosterone enanthate 3) Implantation - testosterone implant b) Thyroid - thyroxine c) hyperprolactinaemia - Bromocriptine
67
PO med for erectile dysfunction
PDE-5 inhibitors
68
Side effect of PDE5 inhibitors
Headache
69
Which which drug does PDE 5 - inhibitors have a interaction with & what happens
Nitrates | - causes a potentially fatal hypotensive response
70
Contraindications of PDE-5 inhibitors
- someone with 1) unstable angina 2) recent MI 3) recent stroke
71
4 basic rules when taking a PDE-5 inhibitor for erectile dysfunction
1) sexual stimulation is necessary 2) avoid fatty foods 3) minimal or no alcohol 4) no nitrates
72
Tx of premature ejaculation
1) management strategies - graded sensate focus - "start-stop technique" - squeeze technique 2) meds - TCAs - clomipramine - SSRIs - local anesthesia - lignocaine+ prilocaine
73
Tx of tobacco dependance
1) Nicotine replacement therapy - Nicotine gum for moderate and high dependence - Transdermal nicotine - for all stages of dependence - Nicotine inhaler - Nicotine lozenges and sublingual tablets 2) Combination therapy - NRT + other agents - Buproprion - Varenicline tartrate - Nlortriptyline
74
Drugs that help in abstinence of alcohol
- acamprosate | - Naltrexone
75
Tx of acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms
Fluid , electrolytes . nutrition , Vitamin B complex and thiamine If meds are required - Diazepam If psychotic features are present - Haloperidol
76
Tx of delirium tremens
``` Hospitalization fluids and electrolytes Tx of systemic infections Thiamine , diazepam if psychosis - {+} haloperidol ```
77
Tx of alcohol OD
supportive and symptomatic
78
Tx of MDMA(ecstasy) OD
- Correction of fluid and electrolytes
79
Tx of fantasy OD & ketamine
symptomatic
80
management of acute opioid toxicity
Naloxone
81
Tx of opioid withdrawal
Initial dose 1) Buprenorphine - if autonomic signs- +clonidine - if anxiety and agitation - +diazepam Maintenance - methadone/Buprenorphine/Naltrexone
82
Tx for Stimulant withdrawal (cocaine , amphetamines , ephedrine)
- psychological support Desipramine bromocriptine - especially for cocaine
83
Tx of hallucinogen induced symptoms (eg - psychosis , anxiety)
Haloperiodol OR Diazepam
84
Tx of catatonia
Benzodiazepines ( eg - Lorazepam)
85
Management of OCD
OCD can be treated with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), pharmacologic therapy or both. CBT and SSRIs are considered to be first line therapy. For individuals who do not respond initially to SSRIs, clomipramine or antipsychotic therapy can be attempted. If SSRI fails for 8-12 weeks - try another SSRI if OCD is resistant to SSRI then - use antipyschotic
86
Tx of acute episode of PTSD
- Benzodiazepines
87
best long term and mortality lowering treatment of Bipolar disorder
- Lithium

AMC Pharmacology (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions