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Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Cluster A personality disorders (Weird)

A

PPD, schizoid, schizotypal

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2
Q

What differentiates PPD from paranoid schizophrenia?

A

They do not have any fixed delusions. They are not frankly psychotic, though they may have transient psychosis under stressful situations.

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2
Q

Axis I

A

Clinical diagnoses – mental illnesses including substance-abuse and developmental disorders.

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3
Q

Axis II

A

Personality disorders and developmental/retardation disorders

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4
Q

Axis III

A

Describes physical disorders or general medical conditions

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5
Q

Axis IV

A

Describes the severity of psychosocial factors, including environmental problems.

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6
Q

Axis V

A

The GAF or global assessment of functioning.

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7
Q

GAF

A

Hospitalized patient

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8
Q

Borderline IQ

A

70 to 79

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9
Q

TAT

A

Thematic apperception test. Tested individual create stories based on pictures of people in various situations. Evaluation of motives behind behaviors.

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10
Q

Rorschach test

A

Inkblots to identify thought disorders and defense mechanisms.

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11
Q

Weschler adult intelligence scale (WAIS)

A

Adult assessment of overall intellectual functioning. Consist of verbal and visual spatial components.

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12
Q

Stanford Binet test

A

Assesses intellectual ability of patients aged 2 to 18

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13
Q

Tarasoff rule

A

The obligation of the doctor to notify any potential victims and proper authorities of a patient’s intent to harm.

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14
Q

Patient is talking in accelerated form and is uninterruptible

A

Pressured speech

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15
Q

Automatisms

A

Involuntary movements in an altered state of consciousness us. Can be either purposeful or disorganized.

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16
Q

Mood versus affect

A

Mood is what the patient says it is. Affect is what you observe.

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17
Q

Loose associations

A

No logical connection from one thought to another.

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18
Q

Flight of ideas

A

Thoughts change abruptly from one idea to another usually with rapid/pressured speech.

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19
Q

Neologism

A

Made up words

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20
Q

Word salad

A

Incoherent collection of words

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21
Q

Clang associations

A

Word connections that are due to phonetics rather than actual meaning. An example “my car is red. I’ve been in bed. It hurts my head.”

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22
Q

Thought blocking

A

Abrupt cessation of communication before an idea is finished.

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23
Q

Tangentiality

A

Never reaching the point of the conversation due to a lack of goal directed associations between ideas. Response is usually in the ballpark.

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24
Q

Circumstantiality

A

Reach the point, but with over inclusion of trivial or irrelevant details.

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25
Q

Delusions

A

Fixed false believes that are not shared by a person’s culture and cannot be changed by reason. Can be either bizarre or non-bizarre

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26
Q

Repetitive intrusive thoughts

A

Obsessions

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27
Q

Repetitive behaviors usually driven by obsessive thoughts

A

Compulsions

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28
Q

Delusions of reference

A

The belief that some event is uniquely related to the patient.

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29
Q

Believe that a TV show character is sending the patient messages via they’re acting in dialogue.

A

Delusions of reference

30
Q

Belief that one’s thoughts can be heard or seen by others

A

Thought broadcasting

31
Q

Somatic delusions

A

False beliefs concerning body image – I cannot swallow

32
Q

Sensory perception in absence of an actual stimulation.

A

Hallucination

33
Q

In accurate perception of an existing stimulus.

34
Q

Auditory hallucinations are associated with…

A

Schizophrenia

35
Q

Visual hallucinations are associated with…

A

Alcoholic hallucinosis, other chemical causes.

36
Q

The most important predictor of future violence.

A

History of violence

37
Q

Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI – 2)

A

Personality test for different pathologies and behavioral patterns.

38
Q

Olfactory hallucinations are usually…

A

An aura associated with epilepsy

39
Q

Tactile hallucinations are seen with…

A

Drug abuse and alcohol withdrawal.

40
Q

Respond better to current antipsychotic medications.

A

Positive symptoms

41
Q

When typical and atypical antipsychotics fail to resolve symptoms.

A

Clozapine (clozaril)

42
Q

Three phases of schizophrenia

A

Prodromal, psychotic, residual

43
Q

Prodromal schizophrenia may appear…

A

Schizotypal with social withdrawal and irritability.

44
Q

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia occur during this phase.

A

Psychotic phase

45
Q

Residual phase of schizophrenia

A

Between psychotic phases of schizophrenia, marked by negative symptoms.

46
Q

Anhedonia

A

Without pleasure

47
Q

Alogia

A

Poverty of speech

48
Q

Symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Positive, negative, and cognitive

49
Q

Cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Impaired attention, executive function, and working memory

50
Q

Subtypes of schizophrenia

A

Paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, or residual

51
Q

Schizophrenia with only minimal evidence of positive symptoms

A

Residual type

52
Q

Schizophrenia with motor problems. Echolalia or echopraxia

A

Catatonic type (Very rare). Copy speech and copy movement.

53
Q

Poor functioning schizophrenia early-onset. With disorganized speech, disorganized behavior and flat or an appropriate affect.

A

Disorganized schizophrenia

54
Q

Higher functioning schizophrenia that occurs at an older age. Preoccupation with one or more delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations.

A

Paranoid type

55
Q

Psychotics symptoms for less than one month

A

Brief psychotic disorder

56
Q

Schizophrenia from 1 to 6 months.

A

Schizophreniform disorder

57
Q

The idea that mentally ill people eventually make their way down to the lower tiers of society and populate the lower socioeconomic status.

A

Downward drift hypothesis

58
Q

Akathisia

A

Unpleasant subject of sense of restlessness, inability to sit still

59
Q

Lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia

60
Q

Head CT of a schizophrenic patient shows…

A

Enlargement of the ventricles and diffuse cortical atrophy

61
Q

Predisposition to paranoid psychosis.

62
Q

Dopamine antagonists. Mostly D2

A

First generation antipsychotics: chlorpromazine Thioridazine trifluoperazine haloperidol

63
Q

Common side effects of first-generation antipsychotics

A

Extraparametal symptoms, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and Tardiva dyskinesia

64
Q

Involuntary learned responses.

A

Classical conditioning

65
Q

Voluntary response is associated with positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, and extinction.

A

Operant conditioning

66
Q

When patient project feelings about formative or other important persons onto a physician.

A

Transference

67
Q

A physician reciprocating the patients feelings of formative or important person.

A

Countertransference

68
Q

Unconscious mental processes used to resolve conflict and prevent undesirable feelings.

A

Ego defenses

69
Q

Expressing an acceptable feelings and thoughts through actions such as tantrums.

A

Acting out

70
Q

Intoxication with visual hallucination and aggression.

A

PCP or phencyclidine

71
Q

Intoxication with CNS depression constipation and pinpoint pupils

A

Heroin or other opioids

72
Q

Intoxication with formication

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