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Psychiatry Clerkship > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

Positive symptoms

A
  • Characterized by the presence of unusual thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors
  • Like hallucinations, delusions, agitation
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2
Q

Negative symptoms

A
  • Characterized by the absence of normal social and mental functions
  • Like lack of motivation, anergia, isolation, poor self-care
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3
Q

Diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia

A

2 or more of the following:
-Hallucinations
-Delusions
-Disorganized speech
-Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
-Negative symptoms
PLUS, there must also be social or occupational dysfunction
PLUS, symptoms must be present for at least 6 months

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4
Q

Syndrome that resembles schizophrenia, but with prominent mood disturbances. Also, the psychotic symptoms must persist for some time in the absence of any mood syndrome

A

Schizoaffective disorder

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5
Q

Syndrome that involves schizophrenic symptoms that fail to last for 6 months and does not involve social withdrawal

A

Schizophreniform disorder

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6
Q

Disorder involving nonbizarre delusions without other psychotic symptoms

A

Delusional disorder

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7
Q

Difference between Bipolar I and II

A
  • Bipolar I is diagnosed after at least one episode of mania

- Bipolar II has no mania, but may involve hypomania

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8
Q

Tx options for social phobia

A
  • MAOIs
  • Beta blockers
  • SSRIs
  • Alprazolam
  • Gabapentin
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9
Q

Disorder involving pervasive worry over virtually every aspect of life with physical manifestations of anxiety

A

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

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10
Q

Obsessions (definition)

A

Recurrent intrusive ideas, thoughts, or images that cause significant anxiety and distress

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11
Q

Compulsions (definition)

A

Repetitive, purposeful physical or mental actions that are generally performed in response to obsessions

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12
Q

Good way to differentiate between delusions and obsessions

A

Obsessions are usually unwanted, resisted, and recognized by patients as coming from their own thoughts
Delusions are generally regarded as distinct from patients’ thoughts and are typically not resisted

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13
Q

Hallucinations (definition)

A

Seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there and have no basis in reality (like seeing someone standing in front of you when nothing at all is really there)

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14
Q

Delusions (definition)

A

A misinterpretation of something that is really there (like thinking a lamp is a person)

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15
Q

Describe cluster A personality disorders

A

Odd and eccentric

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16
Q

People with this personality disorder are distrustful, suspicious, and anticipate harm and betrayal

A

Paranoid

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17
Q

Individuals with this personality disorder are emotionally detached and prefer to be left alone; they have a profound difficulty experiencing or expressing emotion

A

Schizoid

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18
Q

People with this personality disorder have odd thoughts, affects, perceptions, and beliefs; Similar to schizophrenia but less severe and without sustained psychotic symptoms

A

Schizotypal

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19
Q

What personality disorders belong to cluster A?

A

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

20
Q

Describe Cluster B personality disorder

A

Dramatic and emotional

21
Q

What personality disorders belong to cluster B?

A

Antisocial
Borderline
Histrionic
Narcissistic

22
Q

What personality disorders belong to cluster C?

A

Avoidant
Dependent
Obsessive-compulsive

23
Q

Individuals with this personality disorder repetitively disregard the rules and laws of society and rarely experience remorse for their actions

A

Antisocial

24
Q

Individuals with this personality disorder suffer from instability in relationships, self-image, affect, and impulse control

A

Borderline

25
Q

Individuals with this personality disorder have excessive superficial emotionality and a powerful need for attention

A

Histrionic

26
Q

Individuals with this personality disorder appear arrogant and entitled, but suffer from extremely low self-esteem

A

Narcissistic

27
Q

Individuals with this personality disorder desire relationships but avoid them because of the anxiety produced by their sense of inadequacy; They are hypersensitive to criticism

A

Avoidant

28
Q

Individuals with this personality disorder are extremely needy, relying on others for emotional support and decision making

A

Dependent

29
Q

Individuals with this personality disorder are perfectionists who require a great deal of order and control

A

Obsessive-compulsive

30
Q

In an alcoholic, what can cause the development of Wernicke-Korsakoff’s syndrome?

A

Thiamine deficiency

31
Q

How do you treat DTs?

A

IV Benzodiazepines and supportive care, usually in the ICU

32
Q

Major difference between anorexia and bulimia

A

Anorexia involves low body weight (<85% ideal weight) and Bulimia does not

33
Q

IQ requirements for a diagnosis of mental retardation

A

< 70

34
Q

3 types of learning disorders

A
  • Reading disorder
  • Mathematics disorder
  • Disorder of written expression
35
Q

Triad of symptoms in autistic disorder

A
  • Impaired social interactions
  • Impaired ability to communicate
  • Restricted repertoire of activities and interests
36
Q

Pervasive developmental disorder that is a major cause of mental retardation in girls

A

Rhett’s disorder

37
Q

Disorder characterized by a period of normal development followed by loss of function in multiple domains; Rare

A

Childhood disintegrative disorder

38
Q

Probably the most common pervasive developmental disorder; Characterized by impaired social interactions and restrictive, repetitive, and stereotyped behaviors and interest

A

Asperger’s disorder

39
Q

Repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or important age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated

A

Conduct disorder

40
Q

Disorder involving annoying, difficult, or disruptive behavior whose frequency significantly exceeds that of other children his or her mental age

A

Oppositional defiant disorder

41
Q

Disorder that involves repeated episodes of defecation in inappropriate places

A

Encopresis

42
Q

Reversible state of global cerebral cortical dysfunction characterized by alterations in attention and cognition and produced by a definable precipitant

A

Delirium

43
Q

Laboratory workup for a patient with suspected deliurium

A

-Urinalysis
-CMP
-CBC
-O2 sat
Possibly also a CXR, ABG, neuroimaging, or electroencephalogram

44
Q

Key features of delirium

A
  • Identifiable precipitant
  • Abrupt onset
  • Variable course (can change throughout the day)
45
Q

Are typical or atypical antipsychotics generally more effective in treating negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Atypical

Psychiatry Clerkship (2 decks)

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