Psychiatry Flashcards
what is neurosis
Contact retained with reality
what is psychosis
Contact lost with reality
What are the Psychiatric Conditions in Dentistry
Neuroses
-Anxiety states
-Phobias
Psychoses
Eating Disorders
Personality disorders
What are the 2 anxiety states in dentistry
the anxious patient
-concerned about dental treatment
anxiety neurosis
-concerned about everything
what are the anxiety disorders
Generalised anxiety disorder:
-free-floating anxiety in many/all situations
Phobic anxiety:
-intense anxiety / panic in specific situations
Panic disorder:
-unpredictable extreme anxiety
List anxiolytic drugs
Alcohol
Benzodiazepines
-diazepam, midazolam, temazepam, lorazepam
Antidepressants with anxiolytic features
-Tricyclic (noradrenaline & 5HT), Amitriptyline, Dosulepin, Nortriptyline, Imipramine
-Mirtazepine
-SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors – 5HT)
Fluoxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram
symptoms of depression
low mood
reduced interest & motivation
Lethargy & tiredness
sleep disturbance
appetite disturbance
poor concentration
Loss of confidence & self-esteem
recurrent thoughts of death & suicide
unreasonable self-reproach & guilt
any form of anxiety
Mania & hypomania symptoms
Increased productivity & feeling of wellbeing
Reduced need for sleep
Gradual reduction in social functioning and occupational functioning
Increase in reckless behaviour
Followed by period of depression
what treatment is there for mood disorders
Psychological
-Cognitive therapy
-Interpersonal psychotherapies
Drug Treatment
-Antidepressant
-Mood stabilising
Physical
-Exercise
-Phototherapy
-ECT
What drugs are used in mood disorders
Acute phase antidepressants
-Selective Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
-Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA)
-Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
Mood Stabilising drugs
-Lithium
-Carbamazepine
-Valproate
-Lamotrigine
Name some tricyclic antidepressants and side effects
amitriptyline, nortriptyline, dosulepin, imipramine, doxepin
Side effects- dry mouth, sedation, weight gain
use in caution with glaucoma and prostatism
Name some SSRI’s and side ffects
‘prozac’ type drugs
-fluoxetine, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram, sertraline
side effects
-Acute anxiety disorders
-some patients similar to TCA - sedation, dry mouth
-gastrointestinal upset
What drugs are used in bipolar mood disorder
Lithium (K+ substitute) – mood stabliiser avoid NSAID,METRONIDAZOLE
Carbamazepine/Lamotrigine/Valproate – mood stabiliser
Antipsychotic medicines – treating episodes of mania
aripiprazole
olanzapine
quetiapine
risperidone
Antidepressant Drug side effects
dry mouth – caries (lithium)
sedation
facial dyskinesias
What are the neuroses
Anxiety
Phobic
Obsessional
Hypochondriacal
Depressive
