Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SchuMedTest > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

What are mood disorders?

A

Group of illnesses that cause serious changes in the emotional status & interfere with day to day activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are risk factors for mood disorders?

A

Family hx & Personal Trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What neurotransmitters affect mood?

A

Serotonin (Obsessions, Compulsions), Norepinephrine (Anxiety, Attention), and Dopamine (Attention, Motivation, and Pleasure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the Depressive Disorders?

A

Major Depressive Disorder, Substance/Medication-induced depressive disorder, Depressive disorder due to another medical condition, adjustment disorder with depressed mood, premenstrual dysphoric disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 9 Major Symptoms of Depressive Episodes?

A
  1. Depressed, Hopeless, lacks sense of purpose
  2. diminished interest in an activity once pleasurable (anhedonia)
  3. Weight gain or loss, change in appetite
  4. sleeping habit changes
  5. changes in energy level
  6. the persistent feeling of worthlessness
  7. excessive guilt
  8. difficulty concentrating
  9. Suicidal ideation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are Major Depressive Disorder Criteria?

A
  1. Episodes lasting at least 2 weeks
  2. Changes in affect, Cognition, Neurovegative function
  3. Must include 5 of the major symptoms; 2 should be:
    Persistence of depressive mood & anhedonia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the subtypes of MDD?

A

Depression w/ atypical features
Postpartum Depression
Major Depressive Disorder w/ seasonal pattern
Major Depressive Disorder w/ Psychotic Features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Depression w/ Atypical Features?

A
  1. Mood Reactivity (Improved mood when exposed to pleasureable or positive events)
  2. Rejection Sensitivity (feeling anxious & overreact at the slightest evidence of rejection)
    Other Features: Hyperphagia, Hypersomnia, Leaden Paralysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is postpartum Depression?

A

Onset occurs before childbirth usually
Depression either during or 4-6 weeks after delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is MDD w/ Seasonal Pattern?

A
  • at least 2 depressive episodes during cold months for the past 2 years
  • no hx of depressive episodes appearing in non-seasonal pattern
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Persistent Depressive Disorder?

A

Mild symptoms
2 or more:
- change in appetite
- change in sleep
- fatigue
- decreased self-esteem
- decreased concentration
- difficulty making decisions
- hopelessness or pessimism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are Manic Episodes?

A
  • last at least 1 week
  • at least 3 of the 7 symptoms present:
    1. Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity
    2. More talkative than usual
    3. Urgency to keep talking
    4. Racing Thoughts
    5. Easily Distracted or excessive attention to irrelevant things
    6. Need to achieve certain things
    7. Reckless
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the difference between Manic and Hypomanic?

A

A milder version of at least 3 of the same symptoms as manic episodes
- lasts at least 4 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do you treat Mild Depression & Bipolar Disorders?

A

No medication needed
- Psychotherapy (CBT)
- Talk Therapy
- Interpersonal Therapy
- Physical Activity (~20 mins 3x/week)
- Eating a high-fiber diet
- Bright light therapy (seasonal pattern MDD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the pharmacological options for MDD?

A

Selective Seratonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline

Serotonin & Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
- Venlafaxine, Desvenlafaxine, Duloxetine

Atypical Antidepressants
- Bupropion, Mirtazapine

Tricyclic Antidepressants
- Doxepin, Amitriptyline

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the Acute Phase for pharmacology of MDD?

A

<12 weeks or until remission (i.e., Absence of sad mood & Anhedonia)
Presence of <3 of 9 symptoms
- Treatment begins with SSRIs
- Sertraline: First-line w/ post partum depression + breastfeeding
- Atypical Antidepressants: Used for those who have inadequate responses or intolerable side effects of SSRIs
- TCA: 2nd-line choices

17
Q

What is the Continuation Phase for drugs of MDD?

A
  • Dosage kept steady
  • Monitor adherence, signs of relapse, & adverse effects
  • Up to 9 months
18
Q

What is the Maintenance Phase for drugs of MDD?

A

1-3 years to a Lifetime
hx of recurrence & suicide attempts

19
Q

What are the risk factors for recurrence?

A

Residual symptoms
Early age of onset
Family hx of mood disorders

20
Q

What are the treatments for Bipolar Disorders?

A
  • Lithium (Should be avoided in patients with kidney issues)
  • Anticonvulsants (i.e., Valproate or Lamotrigene)
  • Antipsychotics (i.e., Quetiapine or Lurasidor)
  • Benzodiazepines (can also be used for insomnia, agitation, or anxiety)
21
Q

What is the Acute Phase of the pharmacology of MDD?

A

<12 weeks or until remission (i.e., Absence of sad mood & Anhedonia)
Presence of <3 of 9 symptoms
- Treatment begins with SSRIs
- Sertraline: First-line w/ post partum depression + breastfeeding
- Atypical Antidepressants: Used for those who have inadequate responses or intolerable side effects of SSRIs
- TCA: 2nd-line choices

22
Q

Which Neurotransmitter is associated with Anxiety?

A

GABA (decreased amounts –> Increased Anxity)

23
Q

What are the 9 Anxiety Disorders?

A
  • Generalized Anxiety Disorders
  • Separation Anxiety Disorder
  • Selective Mutism
  • Specific Phobia
  • Social Anxiety Disorder
  • Agoraphobia
  • Panic Disorder
  • Medication-Induced Anxiety Disorder
  • Anxiety Disorder due to another medical condition
24
Q

What are Panic Attacks?

A
  • Short, uninterrupted periods of up to 20 min
  • Feel at least 4 symptoms:
    Palpitations
    Sweating
    Dyspnea
    Trembling
    Paresthesias
    Feeling of throat tightness
    Chest pain
    nausea
    Dizziness
    Hot Flashes or Chills
    Feeling of unreality or detachment
    Fear of Dying
    Fear of Losing Control
25
Q

What is CBT?

A
  • Type of Talk Therapy
  • Learn different ways of thinking & Reacting to Stress
  • Acknowledge patterns of thinking
26
Q

What medications can be used for Anxiety?

A
  • SSRIs & SNRIs (are first-line medications) - This population is more sensitive to the side effects; may benefit from a reduced dose.
  • These can be used alone; but are more effective when used with CBT\

TCAs: Are the second line

Beta-blockers: Can be used to control physical symptoms (trembling & Palpitations)

Benzodiazepines - are used as a last resort (side effects)

Buspirone (non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic) can be given to those with a high risk of abuse

27
Q

What is a Panic Disorder?

A
  • Recurrent out-of-the-blue panic attacks triggered by a wide variety of things (never a single trigger, frequently no-identifiable trigger)
  • Attacks peak within 10 mins
  • At least 4 symptoms:
    Palpitations
    Sweating
    Trembling
    Dyspnea
    Feelings of choking
    Chest pain
    Nausea
    Dizziness or Lightheadedness
    Chills or hot flashes
    Paresthesias
    Feelings of unreality or detachment from self
    Fear of Dying
    Fear of losing control

SchuMedTest (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions