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Nursing Practice 5 > Psychiatric Nursing (Pdf) > Flashcards

Psychiatric Nursing (Pdf) Flashcards

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1
Q

published the first psychiatric nursing textbook, Nursing Mental
Diseases in 1920

A

Harriet Bailey

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2
Q

The National Center for Mental Health (NCMH) was
established thru

A

Public Works Act 3258

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3
Q

thru Public Works Act 3258.
* It was first known as

A

INSULAR PSYCHOPATHIC
HOSPITAL

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4
Q

This hospital was later known as the NATIONAL MENTAL
HOSPITAL, given on

A

November 12, 1986

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5
Q

The psychiatric-mental health nurse analyzes the data in
determining diagnoses

A

Standard II. Diagnosis

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6
Q

to assist clients in improving or regaining their previous
coping abilities, fostering mental health, and preventing mental illness
and disability

A

Counseling

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7
Q

maintains a therapeutic environment in collaboration with the client and
other health care providers

A

Milieu Therapy

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8
Q

psychobiologic interventions and applies clinical skills to restore the
client‘s health and prevent further disability

A

Psychobiologic Interventions

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9
Q

to coordinate comprehensive health services and ensure
continuity of care

A

Case Management

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10
Q

is relatively stable, and environmental
stresses are within its absorptive capacity

A

WHO MENTAL HEALTH

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11
Q

Intimacy, helping others, effective
communication, maintaining a balance of separateness and connection

A

Interpersonal factors

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12
Q

– vitality, finding meaning to life,
biological make-up, emotional resilience, spirituality, sense of harmony
in one’s life

A

Individual factors –

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13
Q

access to adequate resources,
sense of community, intolerance of violence

A

Social, Cultural factors

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14
Q

Process by which the individual gains recognition of his or
her own feelings, beliefs and attitudes

A

SELF - AWARENESS

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15
Q

Good ________ leads to self-acceptance

A

self-concept

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16
Q

Distinguished facts from fantasy
⮚ Behave appropriately

A

Reality Orientation

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17
Q

regards of oneself with realistic concept of
strength and weakness, accept others easily

A

SELF-ACCEPTANCE

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18
Q

sum total of or whole being
– Aggregate of the physical and mental qualities of individual

A

PERSONALITY

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19
Q

Believed that vast majority of mental disorder were due to
unresolved issues that originate in childhood

A

SIGMUND FREUD (1856 – 1939)

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20
Q

– aware at any time

A

Conscious

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21
Q

can be retrieved rather easily through conscious part

A

Pre-conscious

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22
Q

– repressed memories, passion, unacceptable urges

A

Unconscious

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23
Q

source of all drives, instincts, reflexes, needs, genetic inheritance
and capability to respond to wishes that motive us

A

ID

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24
Q

Personality structure that is present at birth and has libidal energy

A

ID

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25
Q

if id is not controlled effectively the
individual function in

A

antisocial

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26
Q

EGO – begins during the

A

first 8 months of life and is fairly develop when
the child reaches 2 years

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27
Q

Ego is problem solver and a?

A

Reality tester

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28
Q

Ego is influenced by?

A

Influenced by heredity, environmental factors and maturation

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29
Q

both in the conscious and unconscious but operates
mostly on the unconscious level

A

Superego

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30
Q

super ego develops around?

A

around 3-4 years and fairly develop at age 10

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31
Q

– if superego is so strong the life of the
individual is dominated by its restriction on behavior, he or she is likely
to be

A

unhappy, inhibited and anxiety-guilt ridden.

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32
Q

ability to delay immediate gratification

A

Anal (1-3) years

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33
Q

Beginning of superego development

A

Phallic

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34
Q

Each stage of development is an emotional crisis involving
positive and negative experiences

A

ERIK ERICKSON’S DEVELOPMENTAL THEORY

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35
Q

Views intellectual development as result of constant
interaction between environmental influences and genetically determined
attributes

A

JEAN PIAGET’S COGNITIVE THEORY

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36
Q

Learns by exploring objects and events and by imitating

A

SENSORIMOTOR STAGE (0 – 2 yr)

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37
Q

Infants develop

at SENSORIMOTOR STAGE (0 – 2 yr)

A

SCHEMATA (assimilation and
accommodations incoming information)

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38
Q

Learns by thinking images
* Develop expressive language and symbolic play

A

PREOPERATION STAGE (2 – 7 yr)

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39
Q

(seeing things from own point of view)

A

Egocentrism

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40
Q

Able to think more logically as concept of moral judgment,
numbers, spatial relationship

A

CONCRETE OPERATIONAL STAGE (8 – 12 yr)

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41
Q

Develops adult logic
– Able to reason, form conclusion, plan for the future, think
abstractly and builds ideas

A

FORMAL OPERATION STAGE (12 – adulthood)

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42
Q

Personality development
Infancy

A

– crying is used to establish contact with others

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43
Q

Personality development childhood

A

– language is used to assist with learning to delay the
gratification of need

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44
Q

Personality development
Juvenile

A

– competition, compromise and cooperation are tools
for developing relationship with others

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45
Q

painful feeling or emotion arising from social insecurity or blocks
to getting biological needs satisfied

A

Anixety

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46
Q

– use of sleep to avoid anxiety

A

Somnolent detachment –

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47
Q

– emotional detachment or numbing

A

Apathyq

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48
Q

tuning out details associated with anxiety producing situation

A

Selective inattention

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49
Q

powerlessness is exchanged for a
temporary feeling of power associated with anger directed outward

A

Converting anxiety to anger

50
Q

stemming from physiochemical requirement of life

A

Tension of needs –

51
Q

from interpersonal situation

A

Tension of anxiety

52
Q

classical conditioning was developed by

A

Ivan Pavlov

53
Q

refers to the gaining of a learned response (once a
response is learned, it continues)

A

acquisition

54
Q

the loss of learned response

A

Extinction

55
Q

operant conditioning involves the
use of reinforce consequences to change the behavior

A

Operant conditioning (Skinner’s theory)
* developed by B. F. Skinner, o

56
Q

involves the use of aversive
consequences to decrease a particular behavior

A

positive punishment

57
Q

involves withdrawing the reward to
decrease a particular behavior

A

negative punishment

58
Q

refers to new behaviors that are learned by
imitating the behavior of another person

A

modeling

59
Q

involves the use of tokens for desirable
behavior

A

operant conditioning

60
Q

involves gradually confronting a
stimulus that evokes intense anxiety, it is useful in treating phobiasinvolves gradually confronting a
stimulus that evokes intense anxiety, it is useful in treating phobias

A

systemic desensitization

61
Q

operates on the principle that unpleasant
consequences result from undesirable behavior, it may be used in
treatment of paraphilias

A

aversive therapy

62
Q

involves training techniques used to control
physiologic responses such as stress response and its physiologic
manifestations

A

biofeedback

63
Q

are training techniques used to
counteract anxiety symptoms

A

relaxation techniques

64
Q

incorporates techniques to overcome
passivity or aggression in interpersonal situation

A

assertiveness training

65
Q

In the behavioral framework, the nurse assesses

A

both adaptive
and maladaptive behaviors.

66
Q

the cognitive framework focuses on

A

distorted or negative
thought patterns that lead to maladaptive or symptomatic feelings

67
Q

a form of therapy developed by Aaron
Beck, encompasses various treatment methods in which the therapist and
client work closely to identify maladaptive thought patterns and develop
alternate ways of thinking and behaving.

A

Cognitive therapy

68
Q

The goal of the cognitive therapy is to

A

diminish depressive symptoms
by helping the client challenge and invalidate distorted thoughts

69
Q

developed by Albert Ellis,
helps the client examine own irrational thoughts and behavior through
verbal discussion

A

In Rational-Emotive therapy

70
Q

based on the collective efforts of Fritz
Perls and Paul Goodman, the therapist promotes the client’s self
awareness and increased self responsibility for meeting needs

A

In Gestalt therapy

71
Q

developed by Aaron Beck, the
therapist teaches the client to identify and correct dysfunctional thoughts
about the self, world and the future

A

s and increased self responsibility for meeting needs.
* In Beck’s Cognitive therapy

72
Q

– change of maladaptive beliefs
through positive self statements and refusing irrational beliefs

A

Cognitive restructuring

73
Q

constantly say “STOP” to maladaptive
thoughts

A

Thought stopping

74
Q

focuses on the “here and now” –
current behaviors, issues and problems – as well as spiritual values and
meanings.

A

Humanistic framework

75
Q

theory of human motivation theory
describes human needs that are organized according to levels in which
individuals move on to higher needs as lower, more basic needs are met

A

Abraham Maslow’s theory

76
Q

fundamental human anxiety is fear

A

of death which leads to
existential anxiety

77
Q

the belief that mental illness results from an individuals failure to
develop fully as human being

A

Client centered therapy, developed by Carl Rogers

78
Q

– a form of talk therapy that focuses on
life issues of freedom, helplessness, loss, isolation, aloneness, anxiety
and death; through psychotherapy, the client discovers his own meaning
of existence.

A

Existential therapy

79
Q

Focused on human needs fulfilment, which is categorized into
6 incremental stages.

A

MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

80
Q

varied; made up of parts from various sources
* choosing what is best or preferred from a variety of sources or
styles

A

Eclectic

81
Q

automatic response to a stimulus (blinking reflex,
gag reflex)

A

Reflex action

82
Q

presence of two factors:

Presence of need within the individual
● Presence of goal outside the individual

A

Goal oriented behavior

83
Q

The result o f the presence of two opposing or incompatible
drives wherein the person is required to make a choice between the
possible responses

A

CONFLICT

84
Q

DYNAMICS OF CONFLICT

A

Conflict → ↑ anxiety → feeling of hopelessness, helplessness
and isolation → ↑ perceived conflict increases → ↑ anxiety

85
Q

a stimulus or situation that produces distress and create
physical and psychological demands on a person that requires coping and
adapting

A

STRESS

86
Q

feeling of uncertainty; uneasiness, apprehension or tension that a person
experiences in response to an unknown object or situation

A

ANXIETY

87
Q

healthy life force
– Motivates people to make & survive change
– Proportionate to actual events

A

Normal anxiety

88
Q

Precipitated by an imminent loss or change that threatens an
individual’s sense of security

A

Acute anxiety

89
Q

the person has lived with the stress for a long time

A

Chronic anxiety

90
Q

threat towards maintaining
established views of self, values and patterns of behavior he uses to
resists changes in self review

A

Threat to self-esteem

91
Q

Mild anxiety

A

Able to work effectively
Alert that something is wrong

Slight discomfort
Restlessnesss
Irritability
Lip chewing or foot tapping

92
Q

Has narrowed perceptual field

Selective inattention
Changes in voice pitch
Repetitive questioniong
High RR, PR, Muscle tension

A

Moderate ANxiety

93
Q

Both severe and panic stage of anxiety depicts?

A

Environment is blocked, events are not occuring

94
Q

Severe anxiety

A

Focuses on specific detail
May not be able to attend to environment

Unable to see connection
Has distorted perceptions

Confusion
Tachycardia
Withdrawal
Loud and rapid speech

95
Q

Experience of terror
Dilated pupils
Severe withdrawal
Hallucinations

A

Panic

96
Q

INTERVENTIONS FOR MILD TO MODERATE LEVELS OF
ANXIETY

A

Help client to focus and sole problems with the use of
communication techniques
* Help client identify anxiety
* Provide a calm presence
* Recognize the anxious person’s distress
* Be willing to listen

97
Q

INTERVENTIONS FOR SEVERE TO PANIC LEVELS OF
ANXIETY

A

Maintain a calm manner
* Always remain with the client
* Minimize environmental stimuli
* Use clear and simple statements and repetition
* Use a low pitched voice; speak slow

98
Q

Protects people from painful awareness of feelings and
memories that can provoke anxiety

A

DEFENSE MECHANISM

99
Q

emotional conflicts and stressors are dealt with by meeting
the needs of others

A

Altruism

100
Q

unconscious process of substituting constructive and
socially acceptable activity for strong impulses that are not acceptable in
the original form

A

Sublimation

101
Q

deals with emotional conflict or stress by emphasizing the
amusing or ironic aspects of the conflict or stressor.

A

Humor

102
Q

conscious denial of a disturbing situation or feeling

A

Suppression

103
Q

exclusion of unpleasant or unwanted experiences,
emotions, or ideas from conscious awareness

A

Repression

104
Q

– transfer of emotion associated with a particular person,
object, or situation to another person, object, or situation that is nonthreatening

A

Displacement

105
Q

unacceptable feelings or behaviors are kept out of
awareness by developing the opposite behavior or emotion

A

Reaction formation

106
Q

consciously doing something to counteract or make up for a
transgression or wrongdoing

A

Undoing

107
Q

– transforming anxiety on an unconscious level into a
physical symptoms that has no organic cause

A

Somatization

108
Q

justifying illogical or unreasonable ideas, actions, or
feelings by developing acceptable explanation that satisfy the teller as
well as the listener

A

Rationalization

109
Q

consciously or unconsciously using only logical
explanation without one’s feelings or an affective component

A

Intellectualization

110
Q

consciously covering up for a weakness by
overemphasizing or making up a desirable trait

A

Compensation

111
Q

deals with emotional conflict or stressors by
indirectly and unassertively expressing aggression towards another

A

Passive aggression –

112
Q

deals with emotional conflict or stressors by
actions rather than reflections or feelings

A

Acting-out behavior

113
Q

unconscious separation of painful feelings and emotion
from an unacceptable idea, situation or object

A

Dissociation

114
Q

conscious or unconscious attempt to model oneself after
a respected person

A

Identification

115
Q

unconsciously incorporating values & attitudes of others
as if they were your own

A

Introjection

116
Q

emotional conflict or stressors are dealt with by
attributing negative qualities to self or others

A

Devaluation

117
Q

– attributing exaggerated positive qualities others

A

Idealization

118
Q

the inability to integrate the positive and negative qualities of
oneself or others into a cohesive image.

A

Splitting

119
Q

person unconsciously rejects emotionally unacceptable
personal features and attributes to other people, objects or situation

A

Projection –

120
Q

– escaping unpleasant realities by ignoring their existence

A

Denial

121
Q

unconscious return to an earlier and more comfortable
developmental level

A

Regression

Nursing Practice 5 (3 decks)

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