Psychiatric Illnesses Flashcards
What is fregoli delusion?
“Delusion of doubles” A person holds a belief that different people are actually a single person who is in disguise. (Often of paranoid nature)
What causes fregoli delusion? How can it be treated?
Delusions r/t to antiparkinsonism medications (Levodopa)
Treatment: antipsychotics
What is Dementia?
Chronic, progressive neurocognitive impairment
Not a “normal” part of aging
Early onset: before 65yrs
Late onset: age 65+
Risk factors for Dementia and its treatment?
Advancing age #1 Treatment: irreversible, currently incurable Protective factors (prevention is key) -physical activity -social & mental activities -stress reduction -moderate alcohol intake
What is delirium?
Acute, disorder that develops over a short period of time and is characterized by fluctuating consciousness and attention
Reversible**
Common causes of delirium?
Inflammation, infection (UTI, URTI), F&E imbalances, medications Complicating factors: advancing age dementia brain damage/trauma
Treatment of delirium?
Treat underlying factor
Early dx & tx = key!!
What is Factitious Disorder?
Patient voluntarily stimulates or produce signs & symptoms of a disease, where the patient’s main intention is to assume the patient role (“Munchhausen Syndrome”)
What is Somatization Disorder?
A type of somatoform disorder characterized by multiple, diffuse, somatic symptoms that cannot be explained adequately based on physical & laboratory examinations
What is hypochondriasis?
Preoccupation for 6 months or more with a fear/idea of having serious disease, which is based on the misinterpretation of bodily symptoms.
*The fear persists despite negative medical findings & physicians reassurance
What is conversion disorder?
occurs when one or more symptoms are suggestive of neurologic dysfunction (ex. blindness, deafness, paralysis, seizures)
*Symptoms are typically preceded by a stressful event
What is body dysmorphic disorder?
type of chronic mental illness in which you can’t stop thinking about a flaw in your appearance. (either minor or imagined)
What is the 3 cluster C personality disorders?
- Avoidant Personality Disorder
- Dependent PD
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
* All 3 characterized by anxiousness/fearfulness
What is Diogenes Syndrome?
A rare condition where a person (usually elderly person) fails to look after there personal cleanliness and hygiene.
- untidy
- hoard rubbish
- self-neglect (nutritional deficiencies)
What is Cluster A Personality Traits? What disorders are they?
Odd, eccentric*
- Paranoid personality disorder
- Schizoid personality disorder
- Schizotypical Personality disorder
What is Paranoid personality disorder?
Characterized by pervasive distrust, hostility, and suspicion of other people
Assume people are out to harm/take advantage of them
Schizoid personality Disorder?
Pervasive pattern of:
1. Social detachment
2. Restricted range of emotional detachment
(socially isolated, emotionally detached)
Schizotypical personality disorder?
Pervasive patter of social & interpersonal limitations
(experience perceptual/cognitive distortions and/or eccentric behaviour)
(odd or superstitious beliefs)
What is reduplicative syndrome?
a delusional belief that a place or location has been duplicated (may experience duplication in all 3 spheres of orientation (person, place, time)
*Bases judgement of their present location on recollections from the past
Phallometric Testing
Provides objective information about male sexual interests.
- Useful for identifying deviant sexual interests by measuring penile circumference in response to both appropriate and deviant sexual stimuli
- important assessment & treatment of male sex offenders
Bigorexia
Body image disorder principally experienced by males
-fear about one’s body size
-often take drugs to increase body size
-dissatisfaction with percieved body image
Treatment: SSRIs & CBT
What is avoidant personality disorder?
- too sensitive for criticism
- avoidance of social interactions
- social inhibition, timidity, & isolation
Dependent personality disorder?
Excessive dependence on others & feels the need to be taken care of
Submissive or clingy behaviour
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?
Preoccupation with details, orderliness & rules
Extreme perfectionism, resulting in dysfunction & distress when perfection is not achieved
