Psychiatric Emergencies Flashcards
Involuntary hospitalization may be indicated in these 3 situations:
- Threat to self
- Threat to others
- Inability to care for self
The most deadly mental health disorder is:
Anorexia Nervosa (loss of 25% of body weight of the norm for age and sex)
This movement disorder is characterized by intense involuntary spasm of muscles of neck, face, jaw, eyes or trunk
Acute Dystonia
This movement disorder can be treated by decreasing dosage of antipsychotic, benztropine or diphehydramine
Acute Dystonia
This movement disorder is characterized by abnormal movement of mouth, tongue, face, neck and trunk.
Tardive Dyskinesia
Aside from decreasing or discontinuing the drug, these are the only 2 drugs used to treat tardive dyskinesia:
valbenazine (Ingrezzo)
deutetrabenazine (Austedo)
VMAT 2 inhibitors
This movement disorder is characterized by agitation, restlessness, muscle discomfort or dysphoria.
Akathisias
Reducing antipsychotic drug, propanolol, or benzodiazepines can be used to treat this movement disorder
Akathisias
Describe the symptoms of NMS (use mneumonic):
Fever Encephalopathy Vitals instability Elevated CPK Rigidity of muscles
Discontinuing the antipsychotic, IV Dantrolene (muscle relaxant) and oral bromocriptine (dopamine agonist), hydrating and cooling is used to treat this psychiatric emergency
NMS
Intracorporeal _______ or mechanical or surgical drainage is used to treat this psychiatric emergency
phenylephrine (common decongestant ingredient, a vasoconstrictor)
Priapism (TrazoBONE)
Describe the symptoms of serotonin syndrome (use mneumonic)
Shivering Hyperreflexia and myoclonus (sudden muscle spasms) Increased temp Vitals instability Encephalopathy Restlessness Sweating
Comprehensive supportive care with nitroglycerin, cyproheptadine (Periactin), cooling blankets, chlorpromazine (Thorazine), dantrolene (Dantrium), benzodiazepines, anticonvulsants, mechanical ventilation and paralyzing agents are used to treat this psychiatric emergency
Serotonin Syndrome
Steven’s Johnson syndrome can be related to titrating this drug too quickly
lamotrigine (Lamictal)
These symptoms describe which MEDICAL emergency that may present with psychiatric symptoms?
Tachycardia, diarrhea, hyperthermia, panic/anxiety, agitation, MANIA, dementia, psychosis
Thyrotoxicosis
These symptoms describe which psychiatric emergency? Vomiting, abd pain, profuse diarrhea, severe TREMOR, ataxia (impaired coordination), coma, seizures, confusion, dysarthria (difficulty speaking), focal neurological signs
Lithium toxicity
Lavage (saline irrigation and suction of gastric contents), osmotic diuresis, medical consultation or ICU tx are used to treat this psychiatric emergency
Lithium toxicity
Elevated liver enzymes, nausea/vomiting, abd pain/heartburn, tremor, hair loss are symptoms of this psychiatric emergency
Valproate Toxicity
Overdose effects of this mood stabilizer may include: restlessness, hallucinations, SEDATION, coma or death
Valproate
These presentations would all require what intervention? Panic disorder Dissociative episodes Catatonia Mania and psychosis Tactile or olfactory hallucinations
Medical evaluation
These presentations would all require this type of intervention:
Assaultive, aggressive or violent behavior
Schizophrenia
Bipolar Disorder
Substance Intoxication and withdrawal (across all ages)
Dementia and delirium
Pharmacological Intervention
Medications such as ______ may be helpful after behavioral interventions have failed to treat urgent (non-life threatening) situations in children (ex: bedwetting, hyperactivity and behavioral issues).
imipramine (Tofranil), a TCA
This disorder is defined as inflicted injury or illness onto a child or faking the illness of a child by caregiver
Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy/Shared Factitious Disorder
