Psychiatric disorders Flashcards
What must be true for it to be considered a psychiatric disorder?
Has no cause outside of the brain and interferes w/ society
What changes in the neurotransmitters in Depression?
What is Anaclitic depression?
What is Neglect?
What is Major Depressive disorder?
What is Dysthymia?
What is seasonal affective disorder?
What is Atypical depression?
How long is Postpartum depression/psychosis?
How longs is the “blues”?
What are the main risks for suicide?
What is the difference between male/female in suicide?
Decrease in GABA/Serotonin/NE
Serious wasting caused by lack of social comforting (child)
Lack of Food/Shelter/Supervision/Education/Affection
> 2 weeks of; Sleep disturbance, anhedonia (loss of interest), feeling of worthlessness, loss of energy/concentration/appetite, psychomotor retardation or agitation, Suicidal ideations, and depressed mood.
Eeyore; > 2 years of milder depression
Winter blues/Summer sadness
Hypersomnia, overeating, and mood reactivity (happy in right circumstances). Has weight gain/sensitive to rejection.
2 weeks to 2 months after giving birth
< 10 days
SAD PERSONSSS**; _S_ex(male), _A_ge(teenage/elderly), _D_epression, _P_revious attempts, _E_thanol/other drugs, _R_ational thought loss, _S_ick, _O_rganized suicide plan, **No Spouse/_S_ocial _S_upport
Females try more and Men succeed more often
What is a manic episode?
What is a hypomanic episode?
What is Bipolar type 1?
What is Bipolar type 2?
What is the main risk in Bipolar disorder?
What is Cyclothymic disorder?
> 3 of; _D_istractible, _I_rresponsible, _G_randiosity, _F_light of ideas, goal directed _A_ctivity/psychomotor _A_gitation, decreased need for Sleep, Talkative. Think Rainbow dash DIG FAAST (ADHD, thinks she’s the greatest, talks all the time, and only naps/never sleeps).
Above, but no marked impairment in social/occupational function.
1 manic episode
Hypomanic and Major Depressive episode (2 criteria)
Suicide
Dysthymia and hypomania > 2 years. Mild Cycling Bipolar 2
What are the changes in Anxiety of the neurotransmitters?
What is the definition of panic disorder?
What is the most common phobia?
Increased NE (afraid) and Decreased GABA/Serotonin (depressed)
Intense fear/discomfort peaking in 10 minutes** **PPANIICCCCSSS**; **Palpitations, Paresthesias, _A_bdominal distress, _N_ausea, _Intense fear, li_ght headed, _C_hest pain, _C_hills, _Choking, disC_onnected, _S_weating, _Shaking, dyS_pnea. _AND_ fear of having another one (The only thing to fear is fear itself)
Social** **phobia
What is Obsessive-Compulsive disorder?
What is Ego dystonic behavior?
What is Post-traumatic Stress disorder? What are the three main things considered Traumatic?
What is Acute stress disorder?
What is Generalized anxiety disorder?
What is Adjustment disorder?
What is Body dysmorphic disorder?
Obsession (keep thinking about it) and Compulsion (acting on it).
OCD, but inconsistent with one’s own beliefs (sorry murderer).
> 1 month** of flashbacks/intense fear of things(triggers) of the **Traumatic event; Rape, Murder, Serious Accident.
Above, but < 1 month
> 6 months** of anxiety with **NO specific trigger
< 6 months** with **NO serious trauma.
Obsessed with minor/absent flaws => significant stress
What is the onset of Attention-Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder? What are the symptoms of AD(H)D? What happens to AD(H)D brains and is this diagnostic? How do you treat AD(H)D?
What is Conduct disorder? What is its onset?
What is Oppositional defiant disorder?
What is Tourette’s syndrome? How long until diagnosed?
What is Coprolalia? How often is Coprolalia?
When is Separation anxiety disorder?
< 7 yo. Limited attention/poor impulse control. Decreased frontal lobe volume (not diagnostic). Methylphenidate, Amphetamines, and Atomoxetine
Repetitive/Pervasive antisocial behovior. < 18 yo.
Enduring hostile/defiant behavior toward authority (not serious).
Sudden/Recurrent nonrhythmic motor/vocal outburst for > 1 year.
Form of Tourette’s that involves Obscene speech ~ 20% of Tourettes.
~ 7-9 yo
What is Autistic disorder?
What is Asperger’s disorder?
What is Childhood disintegrative disorder? When does it occur? Who does it usually occur in? Why is this important?
What is the Definition of Schizophrenia**? What are the changes in Schizophrenia? What is a suspected cause of Schizophrenia in teenagers? What is the biggest risk in Schizophrenia? What are the types of Schizophrenia? How long is **Brief**Schizophrenia and what usually causes it? How long is Schizo**phreniform? What is Schizoaffective disorder? How long for this?
Focus > on objects than people, repetitive, poor communication.
All-absorbing interests, repetive behavior, “social retardation”
Marked regression after > 2 years of apparent normal development. Usually 3-4 yo. Boys (opposite of Rett’s (Girls)).
Psychosis, disturbed thoughts/actions, decline in funtioning > 6 months. Increased Dopamine and Decreased Dendritic branching. Marijuana. Suicide. Paranoid, Disorganized, Catatonic, Undifferentiated, and Residual (getting over it). < 1 month stress. 1-6 months. With major depressive/manic/Bipolar 2. > 2 weeks
What is Psychosis? What is the difference between Hallucinations and Illusions? What is a Delusion? What is a loose association? What is Negative symptom Psychosis?
What is the usual cause of the following hallucinations; Visual, Auditory, Olfactory, and Tactile. What is Hypnogogic? Hypnopompic?
What is a delusional disorder?
What is a Folie ά deux?
What is Dissociative identity disorder? What is it associated with?
What is Depersonalization disorder?
Distorted perception of reality. Absence/Misinterpretation of stimul. False belief despite facts. Weird conclusion (Sheogorath). Absent seizure-like.
Medical condition. Psychotic. Epilepsy/CNS ischemia. Withdrawal (Alcohol spiders). Occurs while Going to sleep. Waking uP
Non-bizarre (conspiracy/could happen) incorrect belief > 1 month
Delusions of two people in a close relationship
Multiple personality. Sexual abuse.
Persistent feeling of detachment to self/situation/environment.
What is dementia?
What are the Causes of Dementia (6)? What is characteristic of each cause?
What is Delirium? How can Delirium be seen through labs? What are the Main causes of Delirium?
Gradual decrease of “intellectual ability”.
Alzheimer’s (Amyloid), diffuse cerebral vascular infarcts, HIV (3rd degree), Pick’s (Frontotemporal atrophy), substance abuse, Cruetzfeldt-Jakob’s (Mad-cow disease)
Acute/Temporary/Exasperated Dementia due to acute CNS disturbance. Abnormal EEG. ANS/Water/Electrolyte/Depresion
What are the three personality clusters? What are the personality traits? What makes them unique? What is the main defensive mechanism for each?
- Cluster A; Eccentric; distrust, avoidant, weird
- Paranoid = pervasive distrust/suspicious. Projection
- Schizoid = Voluntary social withdrawal. Distant
- Schizotypal = Above + odd/magical/eccentric thoughts
- Cluster B; Disregard of Society; Bad boy, unstable, slut, biggot
- Antisocial; Onset > 18 yo, doesn’t care about others
- Borderline; unstable mood/relationships. Tends to get bored/self-mutilation/sense of emptiness. Splitting
- Histrionic; Hypersexual (His tri** to ride **on ic)
- Narcissitic; Thinks he’s hot shit
- Cluster C; Worried, _C_owardly, _C_ompulsive, _C_lingy
- Avoidant = Much better named as shy
- Obsessive-compulsive = Type A that is borderline OCD
- Dependent = perfectly named
What is Anorexia nervosa? How is it usually diagnosed by? What are the physical symptoms of Anorexia?
What is Bulimia nervosa? What are the physical symptoms of Bulimia nervosa?
Excessive dieting. < 85% ideal body weight. Metatarsal stress fracture, amenorrhea, anemia, and malnutrition.
Binge eating** often with “purging”. **Parotitis**, enamel erosion, alkalosis (loss of acid), dorsal hand calluses (**Russell’s sign)
What is the difference between Transexual** vs Tran_vest_**ite?
What are the stages of change? What do they think at each stage? What is it called when a problem/disease comes back?
Desire to be/dress (like a vest) as the opposite sex.
Precontemplation(not a problem), Contemplation(it is a problem), Preparation(how fix), Action(fixing), and Maintenance. Relapse
What are the Schizo’s?
Schizoid** (_distant) => Schizotyp_al (+ odd thinking) => **Brief(< 1 month) Schizophreniform(1-6 months)/phrenia(> 6 months) => Schizoaffective (+ mood disorder)
What is Retrograde Amnesia?
What is Anterograde Amnesia?
What causes Korsakoff’s Amnesia? What is the pathologenesis? What is the type of amnesia present?
What is Dissociative Amnesia? What is it usually after?
What is Dissociative fugue Amnesia? What is it associated with? What is it not associated with?
Can’t remember Before“incident”
Can’t remember After“incident”
Thiamine deficiency. Destroyed mamillary bodies. Anterograde > Retrograde (possible) amnesia. Russian not getting B1
Inability to recall important long-term memories. Severe trauma.
Dude just moves and has no idea where he came from (Born identity). Trauma. Drugs/Medical conditions.
What is Malingering disorder? What is a giveaway of this? How do I remember this?
What is Munchausen’s syndrome? What is Munchausan’s by proxy? How do I remember this?
What is the key feature of Somatoform disorders? What are the specific features of Somatization disorder? What is conversion disorder? What is Hypochondriasis? What is Pain disorder? What is Pain disorder very associated with?
Fakes claims to get drugs/perks. Complaints cease after gain. These patients malinger around like cockroaches.
Pretending to be sick chronically**. **Caregiver causing** disease in **other. Munch House up they love him so much that they fake it.
It is not intentionally done by the patient, and may be something. > 4 pain/2 GI/1 sexual/1 pseudoneurologiccomplaints overyears. Sudden loss of sensory/motor function which doesn’t concern patient. Thinks sick. Thinks in pain. Psychological factors.
