Psychiatric conditions Flashcards
Physical symptoms of anxiety
Trembling Sweating Palpitations SOB Nausea Headaches Hot flushes Feeling on edge Muscle aches and tension Irritability Fatigue Restlessness
Physical causes that need to be excluded on anxiety
HyperT
Angina
Asthma
Excessive caffeine
Short term treatment for anxiety
2-4 weeks of benzos
Long term treatment for anxiety
psychotherapy
First line long term medical therapy for anxiety
SSRIs
Risk factors for dementia
Genetic
Vascular
Head injury
Low educational attainment
Risk factors for vascular dementia
T2D
Hypercholestrolaemia
HTN
Type of deterioriation in vascular dementia
Stepwise
Presentation of lewybody dementia
combo of alzheimers and parkinsosn
- marked fluctuations throughout the day
- disrupted sleep
- hallucinations
- parkinsonism
Picks disease
Frontotemporal dementia
Dementia screen
TSH B12 Blood glucose U&eS LFTs Infection screen Autoimmune screen CT head
Cognitive function tests (2)
MMSE
MoCA
ACE-R
RF prevention in vascular dementia
Aspirin / clopidogrel
Stop smoking
Drugs used to maintain cognitive function in Alzhiemers
Cholinesterase inhibitors
What group of medications should be avoided in those with dementia
Benzodiazepines
Core symptoms of depression
Low mood
Loss of interest or pleasure
Fatiguability
Psychotic symptoms in depression are usually..
mood congurent
Medical conditions to be ruled out in depression
HypoT Parkinsons Dementia Cushings MS HIB Hepatitis Chronic fatigue Malignancies
Common SE for SSRIs
N&V Diarrhoea Anxiety- early but wears off loss of appetite insomnia sweating
Cautions for SSRIs
Epilepsy
Peptic ulcer
Young patient
hepatic impairment
How long should take for improvement with SSRIs
Few weeks
How long should they ideally try and SSRI before considering changing ?
4 weeks
Prescribing cautions in those with eating disorders ?
Medications causing long QT and arrhythmias can cause more of a problem due to electrolyte abnormalities.
how long should SSRIs be used for?
6m after symptoms improve
Two types of auditory hallucinations
secondary - voices talking at them
tertiary - voices talking about them
Though disorders
Thought with drawl Thought insertion Thought echo Thought broadcast Flight of ideas Loosening of association
-ve sx in schizophrenia
blunted affect apathy decreased speech social withdrawl impaired attention anhedonia letheragy sexual problems
what is schizoaffective disorder
suffer from psychotic symptoms and mood disordered symptoms
Medical disorders which may induce a secondary psychotic episode?
Encephalitis Stroke Drug induced Neoplasm Truma Hyperthyrodism Hypercalcaemia
which antidepressant should be used in a patient who has recently had an MI
Sertraline
1st line in delirium trems
lorazepam
Alcohol withdrawl
peak indicence
1) symptoms
2) seizures
3) delirium trems
6-12hrs
36hrs
72hrs
score for severity of depression
PHQ-9 score
score for suicidal risk
SADPERSONs score
