Psychiatric aspects of HIV Flashcards
Timing of symptoms of HIV-associated acute stress reaction
Appear minutes to hours after the patient is informed of their diagnosis
Remit within 2-3 days
Most common psychiatric condition among patients with HIV
Depression
Prevalence of depression among patients with HIV
40%
First line antidepressants for patients with depression and HIV
SSRIs
Antipsychotic least likely to cause EPSEs among patients with HIV
Risperidone
Most common reason for psychiatric admission among patients with HIV
Mania
Predictive markers for HIV dementia
B2-microglobulin and neopterin levels in CSF
CD41 cell counts
Clinical feature of HIV dementia that fits with a ‘subcortical dementia’
Naming and vocabulary skills are usually preserved even in advanced cases
Disease suggested by CT/MRI findings of multiple bilateral ring enhancing lesions in a patient with HIV
Cerebral toxoplasmosis
Disease suggested by CT/MRI findings of contrast-enhancing mass lesions in a patient with HIV
CNS lymphoma
HIV treatment which may prevent associated cognitive impairment
zidovudine
Psychostimulant found to improve cognitive function in patients with HIV dementia
Methylphenidate
Papovirus infection associated with HIV which causes rapid dementia and death
Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy
Parasite associated with cerebral toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasma gondii
Treatment for cerebral toxoplasmosis
Pyrimethamine
Sulphadiazine
Features of cryptococcal meningitis
Headache
Meningism
Photophobia
Nausea
Fever
Delirium
Treatment for cryptococcal meningitis
IV amphotericin B
Virus associated with primary CNS lymphoma
EBV
Features of primary CNS lymphoma
Seizures
Personality changes
Headache
Focal deficits
No fever
Psychiatric side effects of zidovudine
Confusion
Agitation
Insomnia
Mania
Depression
Psychiatric side effects of stavudine
Peripheral neuropathy
Psychiatric side effects of didanosine
Peripheral neuropathy
Mania
Psychiatric side effects of zalcitabine
Peripheral neuropathy
Psychiatric side effects of efavirenz
Depression
Psychosis
HIV treatment most associated with psychiatric side effects
Efavirenz
Psychotherapy treatment with evidence for HIV associated depression
Interpersonal therapy
Duration of symptoms required for a diagnosis of HIV dementia
1 month
Most common pathogen in the CNS in patients with HIV
Cerebral toxoplasmosis
CT/MRI appearances of cerebral toxoplasmosis
Multiple enhancing ring lesions
HIV related illness where Indian ink staining can be used for diagnosis
Cryptococcal meningitis
Most common cause of retinitis in HIV
CMV
Fundoscopy appearances in patients with CMV
Mozarella pizza appearances
Most common extra pulmonary TB infection in patients with HIV
Cerebral TB
Pathology behind progressive multifocal encephalopathy in patients with HIV
Papovirus infection affecting the white matter
HIV treatment associated with mania and suicide
Efavirenz
