psych Testing Exam 2

Question 1

Edward Spearman Theory of intelligence

Answer 1

Two factor Approach
	general Factor (g) and specific factor (s)

Weight of g varies as a function of what was being measured
Ratio of general intelligence (g) to specific talent for completing a tax return (s) was 10 to 1
Ratio of general intelligence to specific talent for music was 1 to 4

Question 2

Raymon Cattell’s Fluid and Crystal Intelligence (first theory with associated tests)

Answer 2

Fluid (Gf) intelligence(culturally free)
inately born
non verbal

Crystallized intelligence
acquired as we learn and affected by out experience
verbal intelligence

Gc increases with ages and GF declines as we age

Question 3

John Horn theory of intelligence

Answer 3

There is no overarching thing there is just gf and gc

Question 4

John Carrol

Answer 4

supports over arching g factor

Question 5

Kevin McGrew

Answer 5

integrated models and proposed the CHC framework

Question 6

WAIS

Answer 6

Wechsler Family of Tests are considered by many to be the gold-standard intelligence measures
Weschler thought that test measure the capacity of an individual to cope with challenges
Weschler test derived from the belief that intelligence is a singular construct MUCH LIKE SPEARMANS G
Weschler believed this capacity contained components that were interdependent.
Viewed a verbal non verbal dichotomy as two ways that intelligence could be expressed
this is like crystallized and non crystal intelligence
criticize this instrument because he thought it was too verbal in nature (this is important)
there was a need for a test that emphasized both verbal and non verbal

Question 7

Indexes of the WAIS

Answer 7

verbal comprehension
Perceptual reasoning
Working Memory
Processing Speed

Question 8

General Facts about the WAIS

Answer 8

Average all the subtests to find a score in any of the indexes

Processing speed Index is the most sensitive to intelligence or cognitive problems
Factor Analysis is the best way to look at the WAIS

Question 9

verbal comprehension WAIS

Answer 9

reflelcts the ability to understand meaning of words, access factual knowledge and express information in words
REfelcts ability to work with abstract semantic information
Verbal memory abilities
Verbal fluency

Question 10

SImilarities subtest (WAIS)

Answer 10

Test of verbal concept formation
		the ability to place objects and events together in a meaningful group
	Abilities involved
		Logical abstraction
		verbal reasoning

Question 11

Vocabulary Subtest (WAIS)

Answer 11

test of word knowledge

Abilities involved
	language development
	word knowledge
	fund of information

Question 12

Information Subtest(WAIS)

Answer 12

Knowledge an average person with average experiences should know
	Abilities invovled
		long term memory
		intellectual curiosity
		long term memory

Question 13

Perceptual reasoning index

Answer 13

less effect by educational background than vci

Logic and reasoning necessary to solve spatial relationships

Question 14

Digit Span

Answer 14

Evaluate short term acquired auditory memory attention
	Abilities assesed
	immediate rote recall
	auitory sequencing
	concentration attention

Question 15

Neuropsychology

Answer 15

Study of brain behavior relationships

gives test that are sensitive to functioning in the brain

Question 16

Neuropsychological testing

Answer 16

standardized procedures that asses and quantify brain functioning
results lead to inferences regarding the covert processes of the brain

Question 17

Neuropsychological assessment

Answer 17

evaulation or extent of brain damages

normative/idiographic approches used

Question 18

Fix Battery Approach

Answer 18

involves the rigid and standardized administration of a uniform group of tests

Question 19

Flexible Battery Approach

Answer 19

favors the use of a flexible combination of traditional psychological and educational tests

Question 20

Boston Approach

Answer 20

Attempts to integrate quantitative and qualitative approaches to interpretation and analysis
May involve altering the format of items on traditional measures

Question 21

Why do we use personality Scales

Answer 21

They can help us get close to an accurate diagnosis
help us plan treatment
enhance self understanding
identify children with emotional and behavioral problems
help with hiring decisions
anser questions relevant to legal proceedings

Question 22

How do we define personality

Answer 22

relatively consistent patterns of thoughts feelings and behavior

Question 23

Dissimulation

Answer 23

when the person purposefully misrepresent himself or herself

Question 24

Traits

Answer 24

stable, internal characteristic

Test retest reliabiilty can be as high as .80

Question 25

Psychological State

Answer 25

transietnt emotional state that fluctuates over time | test retest reliability coefficients will naturally be lower

Question 26

Objective Personality Testing

Answer 26

a type of personality assessment that often uses multiple-choice or ture/false formats to assess aspects of personality Each objective test measures different aspects of personality based on the specific constructs defined by the test developer

Question 27

Major approaches to scale development

Answer 27

Content rational select items based on their apparent relevance to construct being measured Empirical keying do items differentiate between groups Factor analytic how do items relate to each other Theoretical items are developed to fit with a priori theory

Question 28

Content rational approach to development

Answer 28

select items based on their apparent relevance to construct being measured

Question 29

Empirical keying approach to development

Answer 29

do items differentiate between groups

Question 30

Factor analytic approach to development

Answer 30

how do items relate to each other

Question 31

Theoretical approach to development

Answer 31

items are developed to fit with a priori theory

Question 32

L scale

Answer 32

Lie scales individuales who receive high scores are presenting in an idealized manner items selected on a rational basis

Question 33

F infrequency

Answer 33

evaluates the extent to which an individual responds to items in an atypical manner items were selected if they were endorsed by less than 10% of the population

Question 34

K

Answer 34

individuals who score high describe themselves in overly positive terms item selected by looking at a group of patients who were depressed but produced a normal profile

Question 35

Projective Hypothesis

Answer 35

examinees interpret the ambiguous material in a manner that reveals important and often unconscious info or psychological functioning responses are infinite

Question 36

The Rorschach

Answer 36

People love or hate this test Despite the controversy it continues to be popular These procedures often do not meet psychometric standards advocats have compelling data suggesting otherwise techniques should only be used after extensive training and with caution

Question 37

Responses

Answer 37

1. ) code content 2. ) piece together the reason why they choose the content 3. ) typica response/unusual response

Question 38

Psych Testing in Forensic Settings

Answer 38

Psychologists often provide opinions derived from psychological tests in courtrooms Testing results are powerful and persuasive(too much zoo) The application os psychology in legal proceedings

Question 39

Expert Witness

Answer 39

an individual who by reason, education, training and experience possesses knowledge and expertise necessary to assist the trier of fact regardless of who hires the expert their role is objective presentation of information

Question 40

Forensic assessment

Answer 40

the purpose is to provide unbiased data and unbiased opinions to the court patient participation may not actually be voluntary from a practical perspective results are not confidential conditions are not optimal forensic setting may be ideal examinees are more guarded or suspicious STill need to be objective

Question 41

Performance validity test

Answer 41

measure developed only to detect insufficient effort | TEST OF MEMORY MALINGERING

Question 42

Symptom Validity indicators

Answer 42

embedded effort indices derived from validated measures of ability reliable digit span how many are reliably given to you forward and back

Question 43

Sympton valididty Tests

Answer 43

broadband measures of personality and emotional functioning often include symptom exaggeration or amplification

Question 44

Malingering

Answer 44

presentation of sickness or injury for tangible gain

Question 45

Empirical Keying

Answer 45

Do cards differentiate between groups