Psych & Soc Flashcards
Ecological validity
Refers to the ways that the experiment applied to the environment
Egocentric Bias
Tendency to over stress changes between the past and present in order to make oneself appear more worthy or competent than one actually is
Social reproduction
One outcomes produces that same outcome across generations. Poverty begets poverty or wealth begets wealth
Meritocracy
A society in which individuals mobility is determined by their achieved status, talent, and work.
Attribution Bias
Cognitive bias that refer to the systemic errors made when people evaluate or try to find reason for their own and others behaviors
Intergenerational mobility
Upward or downward movement in social class between two or more generations
Self serving bias
Attributing good outcomes with internal factors and bad outcomes to external factors
Looking glass self
A persons self grows out of societies interpersonal interactions and the perceptions of others
People shaping their self concept based on their understanding of how others perceive them.
Fundamental attribution error
Overemphasizing internal characteristics to explain someone’s behavior at the expense of situational factors
Prejudice
Attitudes towards particular groups of people that do not have a basis in reality
Ethnocentrism
Judging another culture by ones own culture values
Confirmational bias
Selectively finding evidence to support your views
Availability heuristic
Recalling info most readily available
Reliability
refers to the likelihood that results could be replicated
Group polarization
When a group comes to express a consensus view that is more extreme then the individual views of any one group member before the group discussion began
Researcher bias
Researchers interjecting their own views into the experiment and biasing it
Intragenerational mobility
Changes in social class that occur within one lifetime
Construct validity
Refers to the way measures are constructed
Weber’s law
Postulates that there is a linear relationship between the intensity of a stimulus and its detection
Differential association theory
Individuals engage in a behavior because they are exposed to it, but if they have not been exposed they will not engage in that behavior
