Psych Shelf Flashcards

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1
Q

Screening tool for dementia

A

Folstein MMSE

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2
Q

Test that acts friends and relatives to report individual’s function

A

Blessed rating scale

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3
Q

Test to assess executive function

A

WCST (wisc card sorting test)

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4
Q

Executive functions are localized to this lobe in the brain and are often affected in individuals with —

A

Frontal, schizophrenia

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5
Q

IQ calcuation

A

mental age/chronological age x100

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6
Q

test to assess visual nonverbal memory

A

rey-osterrieth test that asks pt to copy complex figure with it in front of them and then from memory

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7
Q

rey-osterrieth test result: pt can’t copy figure correctly

A

R parietal lobe lesion – L visual field neglect

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8
Q

rey-osterrieth test result: pt can’t copy figure from memory

A

R temporal lobe lesion

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9
Q

Transference vs countertrans

A

Transferring emotions from one’s past onto another. For trans it’s patient onto therapist and other way around for counter

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10
Q

akathisia

A

motor and mental restlessness; SE of FGA

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11
Q

dystonia

A

musc rigidity and spasticity; SE of FGA

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12
Q

tests for concentration

A

serial 7s, spelling world backwards, random letter test

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13
Q

Repetition of obscene words sometimes in Tourette

A

coprolalia

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14
Q

What’s most common psych emergency in kids and adolescents?

A

suicidal behavior

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15
Q

What’s most common way kids/teens attempt suicide?

A

drug OD

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16
Q

What’s most common way kids/teens commit suicide?

A

firearms

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17
Q

What med is used to treat enuresis?

A

DDVAP

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18
Q

Side effects of DDVAP

A

HA and nausea

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19
Q

SEs of fluoxetine

A

GI, insomnia, agitation, HAs

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20
Q

Condition with deceleration of head growth, loss of coordination, and developmental delay starting after 5 months

A

Rett’s

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21
Q

First line medication for tourette

A

Alpha 2 agonist: guanfacine, clonidine

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22
Q

Most common initial sx’s for tourettes

A

Eye tics

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23
Q

type of tics in tourettes

A

Must have motor and verbal although not necessarily simultaneously

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24
Q

What’s most common predisposing factor for mental retardation?

A

Early alterations in embyronic development (can be due to chrom changes or toxins)

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25
Q

Axis I

A

psych disorders exc Axis II ones

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26
Q

Axis II

A

intellec disab and personality do’s

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27
Q

Axis III

A

medical dos

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28
Q

Axis IV

A

psychosocial and envi probs

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29
Q

Axis V

A

global assessment functioning

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30
Q

What meds can increase risk of tics?

A

stimulants

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31
Q

Enuresis is more common

A

in boys than girls that are otherwise healthy

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32
Q

At what age can normal child copy circle?

A

2

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33
Q

At what age can normal child copy square?

A

5

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34
Q

At what age can normal child tell you age and gender?

A

3

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35
Q

At what age can normal child ride tricycle?

A

3

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36
Q

At what age can normal child ID left hand?

A

5

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37
Q

Treatment for NMS

A

Dantrolene and bromocriptine or amantadine

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38
Q

Catatonia sx’s

A

stupor, catalepsy, waxy flexibility, mutism, negativism, posturing, mannerism stereotypy, agitation, grimacing, echolalia (repeats words), echopraxia (repeats behavior)

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39
Q

delusion that familiar ppl have been replaced by impostors

A

capgras

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40
Q

antipsychotics available in long acting injectable form

A

haloperidol and fluphenazine

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41
Q

Factors favoring good outcome in schizophrenia

A

Age onset 20-25, married, good premorbid social and work hx, triggering event, rapid onset

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42
Q

Factors favoring poor outcome in schizophrena

A

Age<20, insidious onset, lack of precipt factors, poor premorbid hx, negative sx’s, social isolation, fam hx of schizophrenia

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43
Q

Drugs that induce psychosis

A

amphetamines, PCP, LSD

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44
Q

Prevalence of schizophrenia

A

0.3-0.7%

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45
Q

Malingering

A

feigning sx’s for personal gain with external motivation (like avoiding legal issues, getting room and board, receiving monetary compensation)

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46
Q

Factitious disorder

A

feigning sx’s for personal gain with internal motivation to assume sick role

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47
Q

hallucination of transparent phantom of one’s body

A

autoscopic psychosis

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48
Q

delusion that you’re a werewolf or other animal

A

lycanthropy

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49
Q

false perception of having lost everything ie money, strength, health, organs

A

cotard syndrome

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50
Q

one person develops psychotic sx’s similar to one that partner has

A

folie a deux

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51
Q

First line med for mania

A

valproic acid

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52
Q

In what time range does pt develop depression after stroke?

A

Usually within 6 mos

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53
Q

cyclothymic disorder

A

recurrent periods of mild depression and hypomania present for at least 2 years

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54
Q

Tests to monitor lithium

A

plasma levels, thyroid, creatinine, urinalysis, CBC, electrolytes

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55
Q

Treatment for premenstrual dysphoric disorder

A

SSRIs and OCPs

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56
Q

phobia desensitization by pairing feared stimulus with anti-anxiety behavior

A

reciprocal inhibition

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57
Q

operant conditioning

A

learning through rewards and punishments (Skinner)

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58
Q

polysymptomatic syndrome in which pts are chronically sick and get several surgeries but no organic cause

A

somatic sx disorder

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59
Q

interpretation, clarification, and confrontation are used in what type of therapy

A

psychoanalytic psychother

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60
Q

patient presents acutely with blindness with no explainable cause

A

conversion disorder

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61
Q

pt is intensely afraid of getting sick and has distorted interpretation of sx

A

illness anxiety disorder

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62
Q

med to treat narcoplepsy

A

modafinil

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63
Q

pt has lots of time and memory gaps including autobio details

A

dissociative identity

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64
Q

pharm treatment for OCD

A

clomipramine (TCA), SSRIs (high dose)–fluvoxamine

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65
Q

treatment for PTSD

A

CBT, SSRIs, prazosin for nightmares

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66
Q

pharm for panic do

A

SSRI + benzo initially until SSRI effect sets in

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67
Q

sudden onset of REM sleep

A

narcolepsy

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68
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder vs narcolepsy

A

pts act out dreams as opposed to paralysis in narc

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69
Q

med to treat narcoplepsy

A

modafinil

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70
Q

patient is unaware that they move legs at night

A

periodic limb movement disorder

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71
Q

patient feels pain and need to move legs

A

restless leg syndrome

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72
Q

treatment for PTSD

A

CBT, SSRIs, prazosin for nightmares

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73
Q

Pharm to treat tardive dyskin

A

valbenazine

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74
Q

drugs abused that lead to brief euphoria, loss of consciousness, perioral skin changes

A

inhalants

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75
Q

treatment for GAD

A

CBT and SSRIs (buspirone is also an option)

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76
Q

EPS: dyskinesia of mouth, tongue, extremities that develops months after starting meds

A

tardive dyskinesia

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77
Q

antidepressant assoc with dose depend HTN

A

venlafaxine

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78
Q

Pharm to treat akathisia

A

beta block (propanolol), benzo, benztropine

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79
Q

narcolepsy sx’s

A

cataplexy (loss of musc tone), shortened REM phases, hypnagogic (falling asleep) and pompic (waking up) halluc

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80
Q

Pharm to treat tardive dyskin

A

valbenazine

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81
Q

drugs abused that lead to brief euphoria, loss of consciousness, perioral skin changes

A

inhalants

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82
Q

withdrawal sx’s of irritability and incr appetite

A

nicotine

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83
Q

drug intox that presents with agitation, aggression, psychosis, nystagmus, ataxia

A

PCP

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84
Q

antidepressant assoc with dose depend HTN

A

venlafaxine

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85
Q

long term treatment for panic disorder

A

CBT and SSRIs

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86
Q

narcolepsy sx’s

A

cataplexy (loss of musc tone), shortened REM phases, hypnagogic and pompic halluc

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87
Q

withdrawal sx’s incl seizure

A

alc and benzos

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88
Q

withdrawal sx’s of pyschomotor retardation and severe depr

A

stimulants

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89
Q

withdrawal sx’s of irritability and incr appetite

A

nicotine

90
Q

abnormal cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits in which disorder

A

OCD

91
Q

hypercortisol seen in

A

MDD (hyperact of HPA axis)

92
Q

pharm for panic d/o

A

SSRI + benzo (use initially until SSRI kicks in)

93
Q

decreased hippocampal and frontal lobe volumes seen in

A

MDD

94
Q

patient presents acutely with blindness with no explainable cause

A

conversion d/o

95
Q

pt is intensely afraid of getting sick and has distorted interpretation of sx

A

illness anxiety d/o

96
Q

polysymptomatic syndrome in which pts are chronically sick and get several surgeries but no organic cause

A

somatic symptom d/o

97
Q

pt has lots of time and memory gaps including autobio details

A

dissociative identity

98
Q

lithium toxicity

A

GI, confusion, ataxia, tremor

99
Q

pharm for panic d/o

A

SSRI + benzo (use initially until SSRI kicks in)

100
Q

NMS

A

fever, musc rigidity, autonom instability, delirium

101
Q

antichol effects

A

dilated pupils, hyperthermia, flushed, dry skin, intestinal ileus

102
Q

new onset neuropsych sx’s and unexplained ab pain

A

acute intermittent porphyria

103
Q

effect of tuberoinfundibular

A

control of prolactin; antag leads to galac and sex dysfunc

104
Q

length of time for major depr episode

A

> 2 weeksli

105
Q

cocaine withdrawal

A

depression, hypersomnia, hyperphagia, fatigue, impaired conc, incr dreaming

106
Q

lithium clearance

A

renal

107
Q

NMS

A

fever, musc rigidity, autonom instability, delirium

108
Q

effect of mesolimbic pathway

A

psychosis

109
Q

effect of nigostriatal pathway

A

movement; antag leads to EPS

110
Q

effect of tuberoinfundibular

A

control of prolactin; antag leads to galac and sex dysfunc

111
Q

risk factors for suicide

A

SAD PERSONS: sex, age, depr, previous attempt, EtOH, rational thought loss, social support lack, organized plan, no spouse, sickness

112
Q

cocaine withdrawal

A

depression, hypersomnia, hyperphagia, fatigue, impaired conc, incr dreaming

113
Q

nightmare d/o vs sleep terrors

A

nightmare: recurrent awakenings from REM with alertness and recall; terror: non-REM with partial arousal, unresponsiveness and no recall

114
Q

meds to treat NMS

A

dantrolene, dopa agonists (bromocriptine, amantadine) and benzos

115
Q

first line treatment for atypical depr

A

MAOIs

116
Q

Long acting BDZ

A

diazepam (valium) and clonazepam

117
Q

Intermed acting BDZ

A

alprazolam (xanax), lorazepam, oxazepam, temazepam

118
Q

Short acting BDZ

A

triazolam, midazolam

119
Q

BDZs not met’d by liver

A

LOT: loraz, oxaze, temaze

120
Q

sexual se of SSRIs in women

A

anorgasmia

121
Q

first and second line treat for tourette’s

A

1) haloperidol 2) alpha2ag

122
Q

pharm for bulimia

A

fluoxetine

123
Q

ECG changes with lithium

A

flattening or inversion of T wave

124
Q

class of antidepressant that has orthostat hypotens as SE

A

TCAs

125
Q

antidepressant that can cause withdrawal symptom in 2 days

A

paroxetine

126
Q

antipsych available in depot form

A

haloperidol and risperidone

127
Q

amantadine can be used to treat

A

NMS and parkinsonism

128
Q

relative contrainds for ECT

A

MI within 6 months and intracranial space occupying lesion

129
Q

What drug reduces suicidality in pts with schiz?

A

clozapine

130
Q

What drug reduces suicidality in pts with bipolar?

A

lithium

131
Q

spasm of neck and back that causes pt to arch

A

opisthotonos

132
Q

neck spasm that brings neck to one side

A

torticollis

133
Q

feeling of bugs crawling on your skin

A

formication

134
Q

drugs that cause agranulocytosis

A

clozapine and chlorpromazine

135
Q

side effect assoc with thioridizaine

A

pigmented retinopathy

136
Q

del tremens occurs within how many hours

A

96

137
Q

mental status changes, autonomic dysreg, neuromusc hyperactivity

A

serotonin syndrome

138
Q

Management of serotonin syndrome

A

Supportive care, sedation with benzos, serotonin antag (cyproheptadine)

139
Q

What’s the time frame for post partum blues?

A

Onset 2-3 days and resolves within 14

140
Q

Symptoms of post partum depression

A

At least 2 weeks of mod to severe depr

141
Q

First line treatment for ADHD

A

stims: methylphenidate and amphet

142
Q

Second line treat for ADHD

A

atomoxetine (NE reuptake inhib) or alpha 2 ags (guanfacine, clonidine)

143
Q

persistent complex bereavement syndrome

A

persistent yearning for deceases and prolonged emotional pain with ruminative thoughts and dysfunc behavior

144
Q

brain changes in schizophrenia

A

lat ventricle enlargement, decr volume of hippocampus and amygdala

145
Q

struc abnormalities in orbitofrontal cortex and basal ganglia assoc with

A

OCD

146
Q

personality changes, disinhibition, apathy, compulsions

A

frontotemporal dementia

147
Q

memory, executive, and visuospatial deficits

A

alzheimers

148
Q

dementia with parkinsonism and hallucinations

A

dementia with lewy bodies

149
Q

wet, wacky, wobbly

A

NPH

150
Q

mild memory impairment, major exec dysfunc and focal neuro deficits

A

vasc dementia

151
Q

treatment for major depression with psychotic features

A

ECT

152
Q

treatment for severely depressed elderly patients

A

ECT

153
Q

meds for social anxiety

A

SSRI and SNRI

154
Q

treatment for ADHD in someone with substance abuse

A

atomoxetine (nonaddictive)

155
Q

most common sleep disturbance in MDD

A

early morning awakening

156
Q

double depression

A

MDD imposed on dysthymia

157
Q

anorexia lab findings

A

Incr BUN, cortisol, growth hormone, anemia, leukopenia, reduced gonadotropins

158
Q

% of pts with messed up cortisol response in MDD

A

50% ; incr cortisol

159
Q

full list of Li SEs

A

weight gain, tremor, GI probs, fatigue, cardiac arrhyth, seizures, goiter/hypothyr, coma, polyuria and dipsia, alopecia

160
Q

Risk of schizophrenia in 1) child, 2) identical twin, 3) frat twin, 4) sibling of pt with it

A

1) 12%; 2) 50%; 3) 12%; 4) 8%

161
Q

loss of motor tone in narcolepsy

A

cataplexy (catalepsy is in catatonia)

162
Q

anterograde amnesia

A

loss of short term memory

163
Q

retrograde amnesia

A

loss of remote or previously formed memories

164
Q

subbing a word or descr for a word that can’t be found/spoken

A

circumlocution

165
Q

can’t perform previously learned motor skills

A

apraxia

166
Q

prodromal schizophrenia

A

incr negative sx’s without pos sx’s

167
Q

general psych d/o that carries greatest risk of suicide

A

mood disorder

168
Q

What’s the most predictive variable for suicide?

A

Older age >45

169
Q

iatrogenic cause of psych sx’s like depr or psychosis

A

glucocorticoids

170
Q

treatment for pt with bipolar and kidney probs

A

valproate

171
Q

med that can result in liver failure

A

valproate

172
Q

med that can cause renal disease

A

lithium

173
Q

spasm of extraoc muscles as dystonic reac

A

oculogyric crisis

174
Q

spasm of jaw musc as dystonic reac

A

trismus

175
Q

physio effects of bulimia

A

hypokal, hypochloremic alkalosis, hypomag, high serum amylase, enlargement of salivary and parotid glands and pancreas, Normal thyroid func

176
Q

Why the concern for discontinuing antianxiolytic (benzo or barb)

A

Risk of seizures

177
Q

Drug used to manage agitated or confused patient with delirium

A

haloperidol

178
Q

Tourette often co-occurs with

A

OCD and ADD

179
Q

Withdrawal sx’s severe with drugs with what?

A

short half lives

180
Q

What makes drugs of abuse more addictive?

A

short onset of action

181
Q

Wernicke triad

A

ataxia, confusion, eye movement (nystagmus)

182
Q

What’s deficient in Wernike

A

B1, thiamine

183
Q

Korsakoff lesions found

A

mamillary bodies and thalamus

184
Q

Korsakoff sx’s

A

memory impairment, confusion, confabulation, personlaity changes

185
Q

What meds are good for depressed phase of bipolar?

A

atypical antipsych (quetiapine, lurasidone)

186
Q

pharm to treat acute dystonia EPS

A

diphenhydramine, benztropine (have antichol effects)

187
Q

pharm to parkinsonism EPS

A

benztropine, amantadine

188
Q

treatment for moderate to severe premenstrual dysphoric

A

SSRIs

189
Q

MDMA intoxication

A

HTN, tachycardia, hyperthermia, serotonin syndrome, hyponatremia

190
Q

BMI cutoff for anorexia

A

18.5

191
Q

erythema of nasal mucosa

A

cocaine abuse –> also see weight loss and behav changes

192
Q

meds that cause hyperprolactinemia

A

typical antipsych (haloperidol, fluphenazine), risperidone

193
Q

treatment for anorexia

A

nutritional rehab and CBT (or other therapy)

194
Q

Domains of ASD

A

social communication and stereotyped, repetitive behavs

195
Q

drug intox that can cause psychosis

A

amphetamine

196
Q

physical findings of amphet intox

A

tooth decay, acne, skin excoriations

197
Q

drug for schizophrenia with sucidality

A

clozapine

198
Q

AEs of clozapine

A

agranulocytosis, myocarditis, seizures, metab syndrome

199
Q

drug to treat tyramine crisis

A

alpha blocker phentolamine

200
Q

medical causes of mania

A

thyrotoxicosis, Cushing, hypoglycemia, substance use and withdrawal, steroids, antichol

201
Q

depression with atypical features

A

mood reactivity, rejection sensitivity, leaden paralysis, hypersomnia, weight gain

202
Q

depression with melancholic features

A

loss of interest and pleasure in all activities or lack of reactivity to pleasurable stimuli

203
Q

antidepressant that can be used in pregnancy

A

fluoxetine

204
Q

Risk of lith in pregnancy

A

Ebstein’s anomaly

205
Q

Meds assoc with neural tube defects

A

valproic acid and carbamazepine

206
Q

drugs to use in alc withdrawal for those with liver disease

A

loraz, oxaz, temaz

207
Q

What pain med has dangerous interactions with MAO-I?

A

meperidine (demerol)

208
Q

score on MMSE indicative of dementia

A

<24

209
Q

NMS vs serotonin syndrome

A

rigidity in NMS vs hyperreflexia/tremor in SS

210
Q

normal MOCA score

A

> =26/30

211
Q

seizures, QRS prolong, and antichol effects are OD of what type drug

A

TCAs (triptyline)

212
Q

pathophys of tardive dyskinesia

A

dopamine recep supersens/upreg

213
Q

first line med for alc use disorder

A

naltrexone

214
Q

real scary SE of lamotrigine

A

Stevens-Johnson or toxic epidermal necrolysis

215
Q

low levels of hypocretin

A

narcolepsy

216
Q

tooth decay and skin excoriations can be sign of chronic use of what drug

A

meth

217
Q

propanolol used for what type anxiety disorder

A

performance anxiety

218
Q

first line treatment for MDD with psychotic features (2 options)

A

1) antidep + antipsych 2) ECT if need results faster

219
Q

illicits assoc with serotonin syndrome

A

ecstasy and bath salts

220
Q

antipsych w/ highest risk of metab syndrome

A

clozapine and olanzapine

221
Q

fevers higher in SS or NMS?

A

NMS

222
Q

time frame for dysthymia

A

depressed mood >2 years w/o 2 mo symptom free