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Psych First Aid USMLE > Psych Pharm > Flashcards

Psych Pharm Flashcards

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1
Q

Mech: Increase catecholamines at the synaptic cleft, esp NE and Dopamine

A

Methylphenidate, Dextroamphetamine, and Methamphetamine

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2
Q

Used for ADHD, narcolepsy, appetite control.

A

Methylphenidate uses?

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3
Q

Mech: All typical antipsychotics are D2 antagonists; inhibits G(i) thus increases cAMP.

A

Haloperidol, Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Chlorpromazine mechanism of action?

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4
Q

Used for: Schizophrenia, Tourette’s syndrome, acute mania, psychosis. Huntington’s disease.

A

Haloperidol, Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Chlorpromazine uses?

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5
Q

SE: Neuromalignant syndrome, tardive dyskinesia (extrapyramidal side effect), hyperprolactinemia leading to galactorrhea. Antimuscarinic effects (dry mouth, constipation) and anti-alpha adrenergic effects (hypotension) and anti histamine effects (sedation).

A

Haloperidol, Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine, Thioridazine, Chlorpromazine side effects?

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6
Q

Mech: Atypical antipsychotic. 5-HT2, alpha, H1, and D2 antagonist. Inhibits G(i) and increases cAMP.

A

Olanzapine, Clozapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone

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7
Q

Used for Schizophrenia (both positive and negative symptoms), OCD, anxiety disorder, depression, mania, and Tourette’s syndrome.

A

Olanzapine, Clozapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone uses?

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8
Q

SE: Less EPS and anticholinergic side effects vs typical antipsychotics. Significant weight gain.

A

Olanzapine, Clozapine side effects?

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9
Q

SE: Agranulocytosis (must do weekly WBC monitoring). Less EPS and anticholinergic side effects vs typical antipsychotics. Significant weight gain.

A

Clozapine side effects?

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10
Q

SE: Less EPS and anticholinergic side effects vs typical antipsychotics.

A

Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone s

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11
Q

Mech: Inhibits phosphoinositol cascade.

A

Lithium

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12
Q

Mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder; blocks relapse and acute manic events. Also SIADH.

A

Lithium

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13
Q

SE: Tremor, sedation, edema, heart block, hypothyroidism, polyuria, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, hypothyroidism, teratogenic (Ebstein’s abnomality of heart), malformation of great vessels.
- Narrow therapeutic window requires close monitoring, most is excreted by kidneys; most reabsorbed in PCT following Na+.

A

Lithium

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14
Q

Mech: Stimulates 5-HT1A receptors.

A

Buspirone mechanism of action?

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15
Q

Used for Generalized anxiety disorder.

A

Buspirone uses?

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16
Q

SE: No sedation, addiction, or tolerence. Does not interact with alcohol.

A

Buspirone side effects?

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17
Q

TCA; blocks reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin.

A

Imipramine, amitriptyline, nortriptyline, desipramine, clomipramine, doxepin, amoxapine

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18
Q

Major depression, bedwetting, fibromyalgia.

A

Imipramine uses?

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19
Q

SE: Convulsions, coma, respiratory depression and hyperpyrexia. Confusion and hallucinations in elderly Due to anticholinergic effects. Prolongs QRS thus causes arrhythmias; due to inhibition of voltaged gated sodium channels in the heart. Treat with sodium bicarbonate.

A

Imipramine, Despiramine, Nortriptyline, Clomipramine, Doxepin, Amoxapine side effects?

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20
Q

Used for Major depression, fibromyalgia.

A

Amitriptyline, Despiramine, Nortriptyline, Doxepin, Amoxapine uses?

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21
Q

SE: SIADH. Convusions, coma, respiratory depression and hyperpyrexia. Due to anticholinergic effects. Prolongs QRS thus causes arrhythmias; due to inhibition of voltaged gated sodium channels in the heart. Treat with sodium bicarbonate.

A

Amitriptyline side effects?

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22
Q

Major depression, OCD, fibromyalgia.

A

Clomipramine uses?

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23
Q

Mech: Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors.

A

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram mechanism of action?

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24
Q

Used for: Requires 2-3 weeks to take effect. Depression, OCD< bulimia, social phobias.

A

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram uses?

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25
Q

SE: Less side effects than TCAs. GI distress, sexual dysfunction (anorgasmia). Serotonin syndrome when combined with MAOIs or other drugs that increase serotonin (tyramine). Treat with cyproheptadine.

A

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram side effects?

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26
Q

Mech; inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake.

A

SNRIs: Venlafaxine mechanism of action?

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27
Q

Used for Depression, generalized anxiety disorder.

A

Venlafaxine uses?

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28
Q

SE: Increase in blood pressure, stimulant effects, sedation, nausea.

A

Venlafaxine, Duloxetine side effects?

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29
Q

Mech: inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. Stronger NE effect than venlafaxine.

A

SNRIs; Duloxetine

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30
Q

SE: Depression, diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

A

Duloxetine uses?

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31
Q

Mech: Non-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors increase levels of amine neurotransmitters (NE, serotonin, dopamine)

A
  • Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline (selective MAO-B inhibitor)
  • “MAO Takes Pride IN Shanghai”
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32
Q

Used for: Atypical depression, anxiety, hypochondriasis.

A
  • Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline (selective MAO-B inhibitor) uses?
33
Q

SE: Hypertension with tyramine ingestion (foods like wine and cheese) and beta-agonists. CNS stimulation. Contraindicate with SSRIS or meperidine.

A
  • Tranylcypromine, Phenelzine, Isocarboxazid, Selegiline (selective MAO-B inhibitor)
34
Q

Increases dopamine and norepinephrine release.

A

Bupropion mechanism of action?

35
Q

Used for: Smoking cessation, atypical antidepressant.

A

Bupropion uses?

36
Q

SE: Stimulant effects (tachycardia, insomnia), headache, seizure in bulimic patients. No sexual side effects. INCREASES SEIZURE THRESHOLD.

A

Bupropion side effects?

37
Q

Mech: alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist (increases release of NE and 5-HT) and potent 5-HT2/3 antagonist.

A

Mirtazapine mechanism of action?

38
Q

Used for: Atypical antidepressant.

A

Mirtazapine, Maprotiline, uses?

39
Q

SE: Sedation, increased appetite, weight gain, dry mouth.

A

Mirtazapine side effects?

40
Q

Mech: Inhibits norepinephrine reuptake.

A

Maprotiline mechanism of action?

41
Q

SE: Sedation, orothostation hypotension.

A

Maprotiline side effects?

42
Q

Mech: Inhibits serotonin reputake.

A

Trazodone mechanism of action?

43
Q

Used for: Atypical antidepressant; typically used for insomnia.

A

Trazodone uses?

44
Q

SE: Priapism, postural hypotension, sediation, nausea.

A

Trazodone side effects?

45
Q

Mech: Stimulates orexins; increases dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin levels.

A

Modafinil mechanism of action?

46
Q

Used for Narcolepsy.

A

Modafinil uses?

47
Q

Mech: Acetylaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; causes buildup of toxic acetylaldehyde.

A

Disulfiram mechanism of action?

48
Q

SE: Produces acute sensitivity to alcohol consumption.

A

Disulfiram uses?

49
Q

Mech: Nicotinic receptor partial agonist.

A

Varenicline mechanism of action?

50
Q

Used for Smoking cessation.

A

Varenicline uses?

51
Q

SE: Increased risk of suicide, CV disease.

A

Varenicline side effects?

52
Q

Mech: Opioid antagonist.

A

Naloxone, Naltrexone mechanism of action?

53
Q

Used for Emergency opioid overdose treatment; used IV.

A

Naloxone uses?

54
Q

Used for Dependence treatment, used orally.

A

Naltrexone uses?

55
Q

Mech: BDZ antagonist.

A

Flumazenil mechanism of action?

56
Q

Used for Benzodiazepine overdose; can’t be used for barbituate or alcohol overdose.

A

Flumazenil uses?

57
Q

Mech: 5-HT2 antagonist.

A

Cyproheptadine mechanism of action?

58
Q

Used for: Treats serotonin syndrome (hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, CV collapse, flushing, diarrhea, seizures) from the combination of SSRIs and other serotonin increasing drugs (MAOIs).

A

Cyproheptadine uses?

59
Q

High Potency Antipsychotics (neuroleptics)

A

“Try to Fly High”

  • Trifluoperazine, Fluphenazine, Haloperidol
  • SE: Extrapyramidal Symptoms
60
Q

Low Potency Antipsychotics (neuroleptics)

A

“Cheating Thieves are low”

  • Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine
  • SE: non-neurologic SE’s (anticholinergic, antihistamine, and alpha1-blockade)
61
Q

Antipsychotic that leaves Corneal Deposits

A

Chlorpromazine

62
Q

Antipsychotic that leaves Retinal Deposits

A

Thioridazine

63
Q

Antipsychotic that has Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and tardive dyskinesia

A

Haloperidol

64
Q

Symptoms include Fever, Encephalopathy, Vitals unstable, Elevated enzymes, and Rigidity of Muscles

A

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

65
Q

Symptoms include stereotypic oral-facial movements as a result of long-term antipsychotic use that is often irreversible.

A

Tardive Dyskinesia

66
Q

Tricyclic Antidepressants

A

Amitriptyline, nortriptyline, imipramine, desipramine, clomipramine, doxepin, amoxapine

67
Q

SSRI’s

A

Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram

“Flashbacks Paralyze Senior Citizens”

68
Q

Drugs used for Alcohol Withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

69
Q

Drugs used for Anxiety

A

SSRIs, SNRIs, Buspirone

70
Q

Drugs used for ADHD

A

Methyphenidate, Amphetamines

71
Q

Drugs used for Bipolar Disorder

A

“Mood Stabilizers” (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

72
Q

Drugs used for Bulimia

A

SSRIs

73
Q

Drugs used for Depression

A

SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, buspirone, mirtazapine (esp with insomnia)

74
Q

Drugs used for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

A

SSRIs, Clomipramine

75
Q

Drugs used for Panic Disorder

A

SSRIs, Venlafaxine, benzodiazepines

76
Q

Drugs used for PTSD

A

SSRIs

77
Q

Drugs used for Schizophrenia

A

Antipsychotics

78
Q

Drugs used for Social Phobias

A

SSRIs

79
Q

Drugs used for Tourette’s Syndrome

A

Antipsychotics (haloperidol, risperidone)

Psych First Aid USMLE (1 decks)

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