psych final review

Question 1

retrograde amnesia

Answer 1

when you can’t remember the past or personal info

Question 2

anterograde amnesia

Answer 2

when you have trouble forming new memories

Question 3

alzheimers

Answer 3

neurons stop firing and communicating with each other. First affects your hippocampus ( memory) then your cerebraL cortex (language and reasoning )

Question 4

implicit memory

Answer 4

expressed through actions and responses. subconscious memory Procedural memory: remembering how to do things. Associative memory: learning relationship between stimuli and behaviour. Habituated memory: learning behaviour through constant exposure to a stimuli
Priming: the exposure to a stimuli will affect your response to stimuli later

Question 5

explicit memory

Answer 5

retrieved memory (info for a test) episodic memory: your own personal info. semantic memory: factual memories

Question 6

dual coding hypothesis

Answer 6

visual and verbal encoding is the best

Question 7

levels of processing

Answer 7

the more meaning something has, the better it is remembered

Question 8

iconic memory

Answer 8

looking at something, looking away and still having an image in your mind

Question 9

echoic memory

Answer 9

remembering something although you weren’t listening to the convo

Question 10

serial positioning effect

Answer 10

the order of something has an effect of how well you’ll remember it

Question 11

consolidation

Answer 11

strengthening a memory

Question 12

long term potentiation

Answer 12

making the post synaptic neutron easily activated

Question 13

remembering a memory

Answer 13

when you suddenly remember a memory, the neutron path fires again, the more you think about something in the day, the more likely you’ll dream about it. When there are stronger emotions associated with it, the better and stronger the memory

Question 14

what are flashbulb memories

Answer 14

vivid memories with string emotions

Question 15

what is the encoding specificity principle

Answer 15

easier to remember something when you are in the same state that you were in when you encoded the info

Question 16

prospective memory

Answer 16

remembering to do something in the future

Question 17

proactive and retroactive interference

Answer 17

old or new info interferes with the other info

Question 18

blocking

Answer 18

“tip of the tongue” phenomenon

Question 19

absentmindedness

Answer 19

not paying attention in the situation

Question 20

persistance

Answer 20

remembering something you don’t want to

Question 21

source misattribution

Answer 21

incorrectly remembering

Question 22

amnesia

Answer 22

when you don’t remember facts and info

Question 23

source amnesia

Answer 23

when you don’t remember where you remember the info from

Question 24

cryptomnesia

Answer 24

thinking “original thought” but its an old memory

Question 25

what are analogical representations

Answer 25

characteristics of what it represents ( violin and image)

Question 26

what is heuristic thinking

Answer 26

mental shortcuts ( going with the stereotypical thoughts)

Question 27

what is anchoring

Answer 27

making judgements on the first piece of info that you encounter

Question 28

what is framing

Answer 28

thinking about the potential gains and loses from the situation

Question 29

what is availability heuristics

Answer 29

thinking of the first available thought that comes to mind

Question 30

representativeness heuristics

Answer 30

stereotypical judgements in real life

Question 31

endowment effect

Answer 31

you value things you own more than the ones you don’t

Question 32

fluid intelligence

Answer 32

thinking without any prior knowledge - problem solving

Question 33

crystallized intelligence

Answer 33

knowledge gained from experience- what you bring to the problem solving

Question 34

linguistic relativity hypothesis

Answer 34

if you don’t have language, you can’t think about things

Question 35

learning theories

Answer 35

learning perspective: we teach children by speaking to them
nativist perspective: we are born “biologically programmed”
interactionist perspective: our environment affects how quickly we learn to speak

Question 36

what is aphasia

Answer 36

deficit disorder in which you have trouble comprehending and producing language. Usually develops after stroke and head injury

Question 37

what does brocas and wernickes area control

Answer 37

brocas area controls speech production movement (movement of mouth) wernickes area controls association. Its a catalog of things you know

Question 38

phonology

Answer 38

how you put words together to create meaning

Question 39

syntax

Answer 39

making word combo make sense

Question 40

semantics

Answer 40

how you put words in a sentence

Question 41

morphemes

Answer 41

root words and prefixes

Question 42

phonemes

Answer 42

sounds you make when you say words