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Psychology 1010 > Psych Exam #2 > Flashcards

Psych Exam #2 Flashcards

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1
Q

A mental container we build to hold our experiences. (a child sees a furry dog and calls it a cat)

A

Schemas

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2
Q

Theory of Mind

A

The ability to understand that others have their own thoughts and perspectives.

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3
Q

Emotional bonds formed with others. (in children, attachment is a physical closeness with caregiver)

A

Social Development

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4
Q

Attachment Variation

A

styles of dealing with separation

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5
Q

What is a strange situation?

A

Child is left alone with in an unfamiliar room with stranger and is labeled as a certain attachment variation based on their behavior.

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6
Q

What are the three different attachment variations?

A
  1. Secure Attachment
  2. Insecure Attachment (anxious style)
  3. Insecure Attachment (avoidant style)
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7
Q

60% of children distressed when their mother leaves, and they feel better when she returns.

A

Secure Attachment

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8
Q

The child clings to their parents, they are less likely to explore, and they are mad when parent leaves and returns.

A

Insecure Attachment (anxious style)

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9
Q

The child is indifferent on the departure and return of their parent.

A

Insecure Attachment (avoidant style)

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10
Q

What are the four parenting styles?

A
  1. Authoritarian
  2. Authoritative
  3. Permissive
  4. Neglectful/Uninvolved
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11
Q

Authoritarian

A

The parent has high behavior standards, strict punishments, and little communication.

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12
Q

Authoritative

A

The parent sets limits, but listens to child’s concern, and they are flexible with rules.

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13
Q

Permissive

A

The parent is very nurturing and communicative, they give little discipline, guidance, and control.

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14
Q

Our awareness of ourselves and our environment.

A

Consciousness

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15
Q

What are the three states of consciousness?

A
  1. Spontaneous States
  2. Physiologically Induced States
  3. Psychologically Induced States
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16
Q

Spontaneous States Examples

A

day dreaming, drowsiness, dreaming

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17
Q

Physiologically Induced States Examples

A

drug hallucinations, orgasms, food or oxygen starvation

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18
Q

Psychologically Induced States Examples

A

sensory deprivation, hypnosis, meditation

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19
Q

Conscious vs Unconscious

A

Dual Track Mind

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20
Q

Conscious “high” Track

A

a) Our minds take deliberate actions; we know what we are doing
b) ex: problem solving, naming an object, defining a word

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21
Q

Unconscious “low” Track

A

a) Our minds perform automatic actions, often without being aware of them
b) ex: walking, acquiring phobias, processing sensory details to memories

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22
Q

Change Blindness

A

Occurs when a change in a visual stimulus is introduced and the observer does not notice it.
ex: light flickering off, then on quickly again

23
Q

People are blind to their own choices and preferences.

ex: giving a reason why you like what you originally did not.

A

Choice Blindness

24
Q

In Attentional Blindness

A

Psychological lack of attention that is not associated with any vision defects or deficits.

25
Q

Why do we sleep?

A
  1. repair/restore the brain and body
  2. protection
  3. growth - HGH
  4. learning and memory consolidation
26
Q

24 hour biological clock is called…

What does it include?

A

Circadian Rhythm

sleep/wake cycle

27
Q

Zeitgeber

A

Environmental cue that sets a circadian rhythm

28
Q

Sensation

A

Stimulation of sensory receptors and transmission of sensory information from environment to CNS

29
Q

Receptors on neurons are ________ to energy of outside world.

A

sensitive

30
Q

Conversion of one signal (physical energy) into another (AP)

A

Sensory Transduction

31
Q

Perception

A

The process by which sensory information is organized into an internal representation of the world.

32
Q

What are the two physical components of light?

A

hue and intensity

33
Q

What is hue perceived through?

A

Wavelength

34
Q

What is intensity perceived through?

A

Amplitude

35
Q

What does a short wavelength identify? What color characterizes this?

A

High Frequency (blue)

36
Q

What does a long wavelength identify? What color characterizes this?

A

Low Frequency (red)

37
Q

Where are photoreceptor located?

A

Retina

38
Q

What are entailed in the photoreceptor?

A

Cones and Rods

39
Q

What is the job of cones?

A

Show detail and color

40
Q

What is the job of a rod?

A

Shows black and white (see well in low light), movement

41
Q

Near center of retina (fovea), function in bright light, enable color perception, detect fine detail

A

Cones

42
Q

Function in dim light, detect black and white vision, but not colors, necessary for peripheral and twilight vision

A

Rods

43
Q

What is the job of a flat lens?

A

Sight far away

44
Q

What is the job of a ball lens?

A

Sight up close

45
Q

Near Sightedness

A

struggle with seeing far away

46
Q

Far Sightedness

A

struggle with seeing close up

47
Q

Visual fields that cross over to opposite visual cortex.

A

Visual Pathways

48
Q

Where does information from left visual field travel? Right?

A

left goes to right visual cortex

right goes to left visual cortex

49
Q

Feature Detection

A

Certain specialized cells respond to specific objects.

50
Q

Perception is built from sensory processing in different brain areas.

A

Parallel Processing

51
Q

Trichromatic Theory

A

The first scientific theory of color vision.

52
Q

Gestalt Principle

A

Turning random patterns into something.

53
Q

What are the three ways that we group visual information?

A
  1. Proximity
  2. Continuity
  3. Closure

Psychology 1010 (1 decks)

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