Psych Exam #2

Question 1

Sensation

Answer 1

process by which our sensory receptors and nervous systems receive and represent stimulus energy

Question 2

Perception

Answer 2

a process of organizing and interpreting sensory information

Question 3

Bottom up Processing

Answer 3

interpretation of information is unaffected by knowledge and outside expectations

Question 4

Top Down Processing

Answer 4

Information interpreted differently depending on knowledge and expectations

Question 5

Transduction

Answer 5

sensory receptors translate physical stimulation into neural signals

Question 6

Absolute Threshold

Answer 6

minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus

Question 7

Subliminal Stimuli

Answer 7

stimuli that are detectable less than 50% of the time

Question 8

Example of subliminal messages in music?

Answer 8

Backwards masked messages (BMM)

Question 9

What is a BMM (Backwards masked message)

Answer 9

messages hidden in music which require the listener to play the song backwards in their heads while listening to the song as they normally would

Question 10

Difference Threshold

Answer 10

minimum difference between two stimuli that a subject can detect 50% of the time

Question 11

Webers Law

Answer 11

to precieve a difference between two stimuli they must differ by a constant proportion

Question 12

5 Senses

Answer 12

Vision, Taste, Touch, Smell, Hearing

Question 13

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Answer 13

Change in the shape of lens

Question 14

Retina

Answer 14

inner surface of eye
light sensitive
contins rods and cones

Question 15

Cones

Answer 15

used for daylight or well-lit conditions
used for fine detail and color vision
found near center of retina on the fovea

Question 16

Rods

Answer 16

detects black, white, and gray
used for twilight or low light
found on peripheral of the retina

Question 17

Blind Spot

Answer 17

No receptor cell located there

Question 18

Trichromatic (three color) Theory and what are the color

Answer 18

Three different retinal color receptors - red, blue, green

Question 19

Opponent Process Theory

Answer 19

Three types of color opponent cells
black-white
red-green
blue-yellow

Question 20

After images

Answer 20

visual illusion in which retinal impression remain constant after the removal of a stimulus

Question 21

Precognition

Answer 21

perceive future events

Question 22

psychokinesis

Answer 22

direct mental influence over physical objects

Question 23

telepathy

Answer 23

mind to mind conversation

Question 24

Perceptual Set

Answer 24

a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another

Question 25

Extrasensory Perception (ESP)

Answer 25

claim that perception can occur without sensory input

Question 26

Perceptual Set

Answer 26

a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another

Question 27

Papillae

Answer 27

tiny bumps on tongue
contain taste buds

Question 28

True of false: Each bud cannot recognize all five tastes.

Answer 28

False! Each bud CAN recognize all five senses.

Question 29

How many papillae does a Nontaster have?

Answer 29

Less than 15

Question 30

How many papillae does a regular taster have?

Answer 30

15-30 papillae

Question 31

How many papillae does a supertatser have?

Answer 31

Over 30 papillae

Question 32

Does taste sensitivity increase or decrease with age?

Answer 32

Decrease

Question 33

Where can receptor cells for taste be located?

Answer 33

Roof of mouth, throat, esophagus, tongue

Question 34

Air conduction

Answer 34

sound that travels to sensory receptors via air

Question 35

Bone conduction

Answer 35

sound travels to sensory receptors via bone

Question 36

Audition

Answer 36

when sound waves interact with the structures of the ear

Question 38

unconditioned stimulus

Answer 38

stimulus that automatically and naturally triggers a response

Question 39

unconditioned response

Answer 39

unlearned, naturally occurring automatic response to the unconditioned stimulus

Question 40

conditioned stimulus