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Psych Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Schizophrenia

A

Delusions/Hallucinations/Disorg. Speech
+
Disorganized Behavior/Catatonia
&/or Negative Symptoms

**for 6 months or more

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2
Q

Schizofreniform

A

Signs of Schizophrenia for 1-6months

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3
Q

Bipolar 1 Disorder

A

At least 1 Manic episode

> /= 1 week of
Elevated Mood +3 DIGFAST
or Agitation +4 DIGFAST

Distractibility
Indiscretion
Grandiosity
Flight of Ideas
Activity Increase/Psychomotor Agitation
Sleep Need Decreased
Talkative w/ Pressured Speech

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4
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

A

> /= 6 months
/= 3 symptoms

restlessness
difficulty concentrating
irritability
muscle tension
sleep disturbance
fatigue

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5
Q

Panic Disorder

A

4 or more panic attacks in a 4-week period
or
≥ 1 panic attacks followed by at least 1 month of fear of another panic attack

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6
Q

Symptoms of a Panic Attack

A

sweating
palpitations
abdominal distress/nausea
hyperventilation
paresthesia
light-headedness
chest pain
chills
choking
disconnectedness/loss of reality
shaking

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7
Q

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

A

Stressor=Anything
Action=Violence (disproportionate to stressor)

mild: 2x/wk for 3 months
severe (causes harm): 3x in 12months

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8
Q

At age 18, Conduct Disorder become what diagnosis

A

Antisocial Disorder

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9
Q

What are the (CLUSTER A) personality disorders

A

Paranoid
Schizoid
Schizotypal

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10
Q

What are the (CLUSTER B) personality disorders

A

Antisocial
Narcissistic
Borderline
Histrionic

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11
Q

What are the (CLUSTER C) personality disorders

A

OCD-PD
Dependent
Avoidant

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12
Q

Bipolar 2

A

Depressive & Hypomanic symptoms, not
associated with derangements in social or occupational functioning.

Hypomania >/= 4days

Elevated Mood
Increased Energy
Increased Goal Directed Activity
Increased Self Confidence
Decreased Need for Sleep

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13
Q

Tourette Syndrome

A

1 vocal tic + 2 motor tics for 1 year

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14
Q

What are the most common co-morbidities for Tourette Syndrome

A

ADHD & OCD

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15
Q

Criteria for Acute Stress Disorder

A

3 days to 1 month of symptoms caused by exposure to threatened death, injury, assault or actual trauma.

symptoms cause significant distress or dysfunction

persistent re-experience of event
avoidance of potential triggers
negative alterations in cognition and mood
hyperarousal

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16
Q

Criteria for PTSD

A

1 month of symptoms caused by exposure to threatened death, injury, assault or actual trauma.

symptoms cause significant distress or dysfunction

persistent re-experience of event
avoidance of potential triggers
negative alterations in cognition and mood
hyperarousal

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17
Q

What are Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures (PNES)

A

Asynchronous Limb Movement
& NO post-ictal period

Dx: Video EEG Tx: CBT

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18
Q

Illness Anxiety Disorder (Hypochondria)

A

Minimal/No symptoms
+
Preoccupation with having a serious illness

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19
Q

Somatic Symptom Disorder

A

1 or more unexplained symptom(s)
+
excessive thought/anxiety/behavior in response to the symptom(s)

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20
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

Neurological Symptoms that are not compatible with anatomy or physiology

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21
Q

Dysthymia (PDD)

A

Chronic depressed mood for >2 years in Adults (1 yr in adolescents)

NO symptom free periods >2 months

2 or more of the following symptoms:

change in appetite
change in sleep
fatigue
poor concentration
hopelessness
low self-esteem

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22
Q

Cyclothymia

A

cyclical mood disorder for 2 or more years that is not full blown depression or hypomania

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23
Q

Creutzfeldt-jakob symptoms

A

startle myoclonus
hyperreflexia
EPS
rapid progression (death in 1 yr of dx)

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24
Q

Delusional Disorder

A

At least 1 delusion
for at least 1 month
without other psychotic symptoms

subtypes:
Grandiose (great talent)
Jealous (Spouse cheating)
Persecutory (FBI watching)
Somatic (I have cancer)
Erotomanic (famous lover)

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25
Treatment of antidepressant induced mania
*all antidepressants have risk of inducing mania in susceptible pts * Clue: "cure" of depression in a few days, not weeks. Tx: Immediately Discontinue Antidepressant
26
What is Delirium
Acute Onset & Fluctuating Course Inattention (distracted/cant track conversation) Disorganized Thinking (rambling/illogical/subject switching) Altered Consciousness (anything other than alert)
27
seizures and autonomic instability associated with Delirium Tremens from the visual hallucinations and relative autonomic stability associated with alcoholic hallucinosis.
28
Presentation of Huntington's Disease
Chorea, tics/grimacing Psychosis, OCD, Executive Dysfunction A cytosine-adenine-guanine (CAG) trinucleotide repeat expansion in the huntingtin (HTT) gene on chromosome 4p. MRI scan of the brain shows atrophy of the cerebral cortex and caudate nucleus/putamen.
29
What neurons are damaged in Huntington's Disease
GABAergic (caudate & putamen atrophy)
30
CJD presentation
Early behavioral changes Myoclonus/Seizures MRI: Hockey-stick Sign (pulvinar and dorsomedial thalamic nuclei) 14-3-3 protein in CSF EEG: Sharp TRIPHASIC + R-T quaking in CSF
31
Dementia with early onset behavior changes with myoclonus/hyperreflexia/seizures
CJD (none of these signs seen in FTD)
32
Presentation of LB Dementia
(alphasynuclein deposits in the cerebral cortex) Visual Hallucinations Spontaneous parkinsonism* Fluctuating cognition ***REM Behavior Disorder** highly active in their sleep
33
Presentation of Vascular Dementia
Step-wise decline Early executive disfunction Cerebral Infarct/White matter changes
34
Alzheimer's Disease
Early/Insidious SHORT TERM memory loss Language deficits Spatial Disorientation Later personality changes
35
Which dementia gets lost while driving
Alzheimer's
36
What are the Mature Defense mechanisms
altruism anticipation humor sublimation suppression
37
What is Sublimation
Channeling unwanted or unacceptable urges into an admissible or productive outlets (aggression into sports)
38
What is the difference between Projection and Displacement
Projection: Projecting my behaviors/thoughts onto another person. Displacement: taking my anger out on the wrong person
39
What is Reaction Formation
Pretending you are different * you don't like someone, but you pretend that you do and are overly nice to them.
40
Who commits Countertransference
Doctor to Patient
41
Who commits Transference
Patient to Doctor
42
Guideline for Narcolepsy
3 times/wk for 3 months, recurrent lapses into naps. + (1) Cataplexy or LOW orexin/hypocretin or Shortened REM sleep latency (hits REM faster)
43
What is the condition Acute psychiatric symptoms Neuropathy Abdominal Pain Dark Urine
Acute Intermittent Porphyria Porphobilinogen Deaminase Deficiency HIGH levels of PGB (porphobilinogen)
44
Increased sensitivity to Lactate Infusion (ringers) is seen in what disorder
Panic Disorder ***Provokes Panic Attack
45
what is the lack of concern called in Conversion Disorder
LaBelle Indifference
46
Psych patient with increased Amylase
Bulimia Nervosa Vomiting>Parotitis>Increased Amylase
47
Symptoms of ATYPICAL depression
Hyperphagia Hypersomnia Increased sensitivity to Rejection Laden paralysis (heavy limbs)
48
Difference between: DMDD (Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder) and Intermittent Explosive Disorder
DMDD has PERSISTANT irritable mood between episodes for 1year.
49
FT Dementia
Frontal: decision making issues Temporal: Language Issues Strange Behavior (apathy/disinhibition/compulsive)
50
Are people with Alzheimer's concerned about loss of ability to complete ADLs
No. Alzheimer's has a lack of patient concern.
51
Anatomy focus in Alzheimer's
Nucleus Basalis of Meynert in the Hippocampus.
52
How to calculate BMI for use in eating disorder questions
weight in pounds/ (inches x inches) *703 <18.5 = anorexia
53
What imaging is seen in schizophrenia
Lateral Ventricle Enlargement
54
Changes in Slow Wave Sleep and REM Latency in MDD & Narcolepsy
Decreased REM Latency (quickly to REM) Decreased Slow Wave Sleep
55
What feature of sleep leads to Poor Quality in MDD
Longer/more frequent Periods of REM Sleep Disruptions in sleep continuity
56
What stage of sleep to NIGHT TERRORS occur
NON-REM (N3)
57
What stage of sleep do Nightmares you remember occur
REM Sleep
58
What are the stages of sleep
Wake/open Wake/closed n1 n2 n3 REM
59
In what stage of sleep do you spend the most time
N2 sleep is aprox 50% of your sleep
60
What four things occur in REM sleep
Dreams you remember Memory Consolidation Erections/Tumescence REM Behavior Disorder
61
What three things occur in N3 (deepest) sleep
Terrors (no memory) Enuresis Sleep walking
62
What are the sleep consequences of MDD
Increased REM Latency Increased REM Frequency & Duration Decreased Slow Wave Sleep
63
How does sleep change with age
Decreased REM Sleep Decreased n3 (deep) Sleep
64
Which sleep stage has bruxism
n2
65
What is the mnemonic for wave patterns in sleep
BATS Drink Blood
66
Histology seen in LB Dementia
Intracytoplasmic, eosinophilic inclusions in the cerebral cortex and substantia nigra #alpha-synuclean protein
67
How is EtOH metabolized
by zero order kinetics (same amt/unit time = 25mg/hr)
68
Most specific test for EtOH consumption in the past 10 days
Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin Less specific: elevated GGT and AST more than twice ALT
69
1st step for patient with Confusion, Ataxia, and ophthalmoplegia
Give thiamine 1st, then glucose containing fluids for Wernicke Encephalopathy
70
What are the findings in Korsakoff’s syndrome
Irreversible damage to mamillary bodies. Apathy anter/retrograde amnesia confabulation MB atrophy on MRI
71
Patient with incontinence, gait disturbance,frequent falls, and rapidly developing dementia.
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
72
Diagnosis and Treatment for Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
CT/MRI shows hydrocephalus, spinal tap shows normal opening pressure Ventriculoperitoneal shunt improves cognitive fxn in 50-67% of pts
73
Patient with myoclonus, startle response, seizures. Recently had a corneal transplant.
Creutzfeldt Jakob Path: Spongiform encephalopathy EEG: *Triphasic bursts*
74
Patient with loss of vibration sense, labile affect. Pupil that accommodates but doesn’t react.
Tertiary Syphilis +RPR, VDRL Do spinal tap to look for spirochetes Tx: IV penicillin If Pen-allergic, must desensitize
75
In what condition do you find: Intra cytoplasmic Alpha-synuclein inclusions in neocortex
Lewy Body Dementia

Psychology Shelf (2 decks)

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