psych chapter 5

Question 1

consciousness

Answer 1

persons subjective experience of the world and the mind

Question 2

phenomenology

Answer 2

the study of how things seem to the conscious person

Question 3

problem of other minds

Answer 3

the fundamental difficulty we have in perceiving the consciousness of others (can’t read peoples minds)

Question 4

minimal consciousness

Answer 4

a low-level kind of sensory awareness and responsiveness that occurs when the mind inputs sensations and may output behavior

Question 5

full consciousness

Answer 5

a level of consciousness in which you know and are able to report your mental state

Question 6

self-consciousness

Answer 6

where a person’s attention is drawn to the self as an object

Question 7

mental control

Answer 7

the attempt to change the conscious states of mind

Question 8

thought suppression

Answer 8

the conscious avoidance of a thought

Question 9

dynamic unconscious

Answer 9

hidden thoughts and desires that are kept a secret that one will fight to suppress

Question 10

repression

Answer 10

a mental process that removes unacceptable thoughts and memories from consciousness and keeps them in the unconscious

Question 11

cognitive unconscious

Answer 11

all the mental processes that give rise to a person’s thoughts, choices, emotions, and behaviors, even though they are not experienced by the person

Question 12

subliminal perception

Answer 12

thought or behavior that is influenced by stimuli that a person cannot consciously report perceiving

Question 13

circadian rhythm

Answer 13

a 24-hour cycle of sleep

Question 14

REM sleep

Answer 14

a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and a high level of brain activity

Question 15

insomnia

Answer 15

difficulty in falling asleep or staying asleep

Question 16

somnambulism

Answer 16

aka sleep walking: occurs when a person arises while asleep and walks aroimd

Question 17

activation-synthesis model

Answer 17

the theory that dreams are produced when the brain attempts to make sense of random neural activity that occurs during sleep.

Question 18

psychoactive drugs

Answer 18

chemicals that influence consciousness or behavior by altering the brains chemical message system

Question 19

expectancy theory

Answer 19

the idea that alcohol affects peoples expectations of how alcohol will influence them in particular situations

Question 20

alcohol myopia

Answer 20

a condition that results when alcohol hampers attention, leading people to respond in simple ways to complex situations (loosened inhibitions)

Question 21

stimulants

Answer 21

substances that excite the central nervous system heightening arousal and activity levels (caffeine, cocaine)

Question 22

narcotics

Answer 22

(or opiates) highly addictive drugs derived from opium that relieve pain

Question 23

hallucinogens

Answer 23

drugs that alter sensation and perception and often cause visual and auditory hallucinations