Psych (B+W) Flashcards
1
Q
What is a common side effect that SSRIs DONT have?
A
impotence (rare)
2
Q
What are the more severe side efffects of TCAs?
A
confusion
sedation (good for people with insomnia at night)
orthostatic hypotension
prolonged QRS
3
Q
What are the common side effects with MAOIs
A
Serotonin syndrome (interaction with SSI, meperidine (demerol), pseudoephedrine)–> hyperthermia, muscle rigidity and altered mental status
Hypertensive crisis–malignant hyperthermia when ingested with foods rich in tyramine (wine and cheese)
4
Q
What are the SNRIs
A
Mirtazapine and Duloxetine
5
Q
What is a side effect associated with Mirtazapine?
A
agranulocytosis
6
Q
what is required to diagnose MDD?
A
two depressive episodes >2 weeks each, separated by 2 months
7
Q
What is dysthymic disorder?
A
steady depressive sx for at least 2 years (if major depressive episode occurs during the 2 yrs, then the Dx is MDD rather than dysthymic disorder
8
Q
What is the treatment for dysthymic disorder?
A
Same as MDD
9
Q
How distinguish bereavement from MDD?
A
Bereavement has to be <2months
10
Q
What drug toxicities should you consider in a patient who may have bipolar disorder?
A
cocaine, amphetamine
11
Q
What is the difference between a manic episode and a hypomanic episode?
A
manic cause significant disability, hypomanic have the same sx but do not cause a significant disability
12
Q
What are the diagnostic clues for bipolar disorder
A
- manic episodes causing significant disability
2. episode lasting at least 1 week, abrupt, not continuous
13
Q
What is the difference between Bipolar I, bipolar II and rapid cycling
A
Bipolar 1 : manic episode with or without depressive episodes (often depression before mania)
Bipolar 2: depressive episodes with hypomanic episodes and NO manic episodes
Rapid cycling: four episodes (depressive, manic or mixed) in 12 months, **can be precipitated by antidepressants
14
Q
What are the first line treatments for bipolar disorder?
A
Valproate and lithium
15
Q
What is a common side effect with Valproate and carbamazepine?
A
blood dyscrasias
16
Q
What are symptoms of lithium toxicity?
A
tremor
polyuria from nephrogenic DI
17
Q
What drugs are commonly the cause of drug induced mania?
A
cocaine
amphetamines
18
Q
An ECG arrhytmia or ischemia in a young person should make you suspicious of what?
A
Drug induced mania (also tachy, HTN, dilated pupils)
19
Q
How treat drug-induced mania?
A
Ca-channel blockers for acute autonomic sx (drug programs are better for the long-term)
20
Q
What are the hallmark symptoms of psychosis?
A
hallucinations and delusions
21
Q
How treat someone with psychosis who has compliance issues?
A
depot of Haldol which administers a 1mo supply of drug in a IM injection
22
Q
What are examples of negative symptoms?
A
flat or lack of affect, avolition, alogia (poverty of speech)
23
Q
What are positive symptoms?
A
hallucinations and delusions
24
Q
What are the timelines for schizophrenia vs. schizophreniform vs. brief psychotic disorder?
A
Brief psychotic disorder - 1d to 1mo
Schizophreniform - 1-6mo
Schizophrenia - >6mo continuous
25
What is a delusional disorder?
non-bizarre delusion, i.e. things that are possible, like a cheating spouse, etc, WITHOUT hallucinations, disorganized speech or behavior
26
What kind of hallucinations do LSD and PCP cause?
primarily visual, taste, touch or olfactory
27
what drugs cause paranoid delusions and feeling like bugs are crawling on your skin?
cocaine and amphetamines
28
what drug can cause psychosis and mood disturbances early in the course of therapy?
corticosteroids
29
What has a higher potency, chlorpromazine or haloperidol?
haloperidol
30
What are the adverse effects of haldol?
decreased anticholinergic effects, increased movement effects
31
what are the adverse effects of chlorpromazine?
increased anticholinergic effects (ch in this and chlorpromazine), and decreased movement effects
32
What are the adverse effects with Clozapine
1% incidence of agranulocytosis--> weekly CBC
lowers seizure threshold
33
What are the side effects of Risperidone?
- rare movement disorders (though can occur at high doses)
| - new onset diabetes
34
What are the side effects of Olanzapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone and aripiprazole?
- new onset diabetes
| - ziprasidone and aripiprazole can cause LESS weight gain
35
How long does a panic disorder attack usually last?
escalate for 10 mins, remain for ~30 mins (rare to last over an hour)
36
If a young pt with symptoms of an MI presents, what dx should you consider?
panic disorder
37
How dx panic disorder?
dx of exclusion of medical condition and drug abuse
38
Treatment options for panic disorder?
```
SSRIs
SNRIs
TCAs
cog/behav tx
respiratory relaxation training
```
39
What is acute dystonia? How long does it last?
sustained muscle spasm anywhere in body but often in neck (torticollis), jaw or back
lasts 4hrs--> 4days
40
Tx for acute dystonia?
immediate IV diphenhydramine
41
What is parkinsonism? Time course?
cogwheel rigidity, shuffling gait, resting tremor
| 4days-->4months
42
what is the tx for parkinsonism?
benztropine (anticholinergic)
43
What is tardive dyskinesia? time course?
involuntary, irregular movements of head, tongue, lips, limbs and trunk
4mo-->4yrs
44
Tx for tardive dyskinesia?
immediately change meds or decrease doses b/c effects are often permanent
45
What is akathisia? time course
Subjective sense of discomfort that leads to restlessness (pacing, sitting down and getting up)
Any Time
46
Tx for akathisia?
lower medication doses
47
What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome
life threatening muscle rigidity with fever, increase BP and HR, rhabdomyolysis over 1-3 days
Labs: increased WBC, CK, transaminases, myoglobin and myoglobinuria
48
Tx for neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Supportive, stop drug and give dantrolene (which inhibits calcium release into cells), cool patient to prevent hypoxia
49
What is agoraphobia?
fear of being in situations where escaping would be very difficult should a panic attack arise
50
What is the treatment for phobias?
Beta-blockers for prophylaxis
| Exposure desensitization: exposure to noxious stimulis in increments while undergoing concurrent relaxation
51
What is the difference between obsessions and compulsions?
```
obsessions = recurrent thought
compulsions = recurrent act
```
obsessive thought causes anxiety and the compulsion is a way of temporarily relieving the anxiety
52
What is the difference between OCD and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder?
OCD - aware/recognize the absurdity
| OC personality disorder - don't see anything wrong with compulsion
53
Treatment for OCD?
SSRIs or clomipramine, CBT in which patient is forced to overcome the behavior
54
What are some of the hallmark symptoms of PTSD?
- reliving initial incident via conscious thoughts or dreams
- avoiding public places and activities
- depression, moodiness, difficulty sleeping and concentrating
55
What is the difference between Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD?
Acute stress disorder also requires a traumatic incident, but sx are more immediate (within 4 wks of event) and last <4wks time
56
Tx for PTSD?
SSRIs are first line
| **watch out re Benzos b/c there is a high association between substance abuse and PTSD
57
What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
worry for most days for at least 6 months
- irritable, inability to concentrate, insomnia, fatigue, restlessness
- need evidence of social dyfucntion (ex. poor school grades, mental stagnation, etc.)
58
Tx for GAD?
psychotherapy because problem is chronic
CBT
Biofeedback and relaxation techniques
Pharm: Buspirone, B-blockers for peripheral sx like tachycardia, but doesn't address the worry)
59
What is a general symptom of personality disorders?
pervasive pattern of maladaptive behavior causing functional impairment
consistent behavior often traced to childhood
-pts usually don't see anything wrong with their behavior
60
What are ego defenses?
unconscious mental processes that individuals resort to in order to quell inner conflicts and anxiety that are inacceptable to the ego (ex. denial and projection)
61
What are Cluster A personality disorders?
Paranoid, schizoid and schixotypal (weird or eccentric)
62
What are Cluster B personality disorders?
Borderline, antisocial, histrionic and narcissistic (dramatic, wild and aggressive)
63
What are Cluster C personality disorders?
Avoidant, dependent, and obsessive compulsive (shy and nervous)
64
What is acting out
transforming unacceptable feeling into actions, ex. tantrum
65
What is displacement?
redirection of some emotion from a real source to a substitute person or object
66
What is introjection?
identifying with some idea or object so deeply that it becomes a part of that person
67
What is projection?
attributing unacceptable thoughts, feelings, behaviors and motives to others
68
Paranoid personality disorder characteristics?
- negatively interpret actions and words of others
- often use projection as ego defense (attribute to other people impulses and thoughts that are unacceptable to self)
- do not hold fixed delusions or have hallucinations
69
Schizoid personality disorder
-socially withdrawn, introverted
-don't feel need to form close emotional ties with others
-can recognize reality
(D for distant)
70
Schizotypal personality disorder
Believe in concepts not considered real by rest of society/culture (magiv, vlairvoyance)
- Ego defense: fantasy
- no necessarily psychotic
- usually socially isolated
- often related to schizophrenics
71
Antisocial personality disorder
violate rights of others, break law
Dx: have to have exhibited behavior BY age 15, BUT have to BE at least 18 for Dx
DDx = conduct disorder which is bad behavior dx in kids
72
Borderline
- volatile emotionally
- Ego defense: splitting
- self-destructive behavior
- can disassociate: forget negative experiences by covering them up with overly exuberant positive behavior
73
Histrionic
- require everyone's attention
| - use disassociation and repression (block feelings unconsciously)
74
What is the difference between repression and supression?
```
Repression = blocking feelings consciously
Supression = consciously blocking feelings
```
75
Narcissistic
feeling entitled, because they are the best ande veryone else in inferior
handle criticism poorly
76
Dependent personality disorder
can't do much on own, can't be alone
77
Avoidant personality disorder
Feel inadequate, very sensitive to negative comments
| Reluctant to try new things for fear of embarassment
78
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder
preoccupied with detail
| Isolation is a common ego defense
79
What is rationalization?
making the unreasonable seem acceptable (ex. if you get fired, saying that you wanted to quit anyway)
80
What is Reaction formation
setting aside unconscious feelings and expressing the exact opposite feelings (showing extra affection for someone you hate)
81
What is Sublimation?
taking instinctual drives (ex. sex) and funneling that energy into a socially acceptable action (studying) behavior or emotion
82
What is the difference between factitious disorder and malingering?
Factitious disorder = consciously faking or manipulating sx to 'assume the sick role' but not for material gain
Malingering = consciously faking sx for material gain
83
Munchhausen is an example of what kind of disorder?
Factitious Disorder
84
What is somatoform Disorder?
ex. female pt with problems starting before age 30 w/history of frequent visits to the doctor for countless procedures and operations (often exploratory) and h/o abusive or failed relationships
85
treatment for somatoform disorder
continuity of care, regular appointments so pt can express sx, perform phys exam but don't order labs, eventually suggest psych
86
What is conversion disorder?
neuro sx, not consciously faked
sensory defecits usually fail to correspond to a known pathway
Dx: identify a stressor that preciptated the sx and exclude an adequate medical illness
**some of these patients may be found to have a non-psychiatric cause of illness
87
Hypochondriasis
preocupation with dz, misinterprets sx as suggestive of something serious
88
Body dysmorphic disorder definition? Tx?
concern with body, usually 1 feature, imagines defecits that other people don't see, exagerrate any slight imperfections if present
Tx = SSRIs
89
Autism
pervasive developmental disorder that covers many areas of development from language, social interaction to emotional reactivity
- child is 'living in own world'
- sx begin by age 3
90
Aspergers
autism without language impairment
91
Depression in kids and teens
kids: can be hyperactive and aggressive
teens: can show boredom, irritability, openly antisocial behavior
+ adult sx
92
Sx of Separation anxiety and Tx
sleep disturbance and somatic sx during times of separation (headache, upset stomach)
Tx: desensitizing, imipramine sometimes used
93
Tx for ADHD?
methylphenidate, amphetamine (Ritalin, Concerta, Adderal)
94
Tourette's Dx
require a motor tic and vocal tic for >1yr
| vocal tics are usually obscene
95
Tx for Tourette's
Haldol
96
Anorexia Dx
<85% expected body weight
Amenorrhea secondary to weight loss
restrictive eating
need to monitor electrolytes to prevent cardiac sx
97
Bulemia
binge eating and purging
more common than anorexia
can have nml appearance
Abrasion over knuckles and dental erosion
98
Cocaine/amphetamine withdrawal sx
hypersomnolence, dysphoria, increased appetite
99
Tx for Cocaine and amphetamines
Beta blockers for seizures and BP HR control
| Ca channel blockers for ischemia
100
Heroin intoxication sx
decreased consciousness
pinpoint pupils
respiratory depression
101
Heroin withdrawal sx
nausea/vomiting
pupillary dilation
insomnia
102
Tx for Heroin
Naloxone to reverse acute intoxication
| Withdrawal tx with a methadone taper
103
Benzo and Barbiturates intox sx
respiratory and cardiac depression
104
Benzo and Barbiturates withdrawal
agitation
anxiety
delerium
105
Tx for Barb/Benzo intox
ABCs
charcoal to reduce absorption
Flumazenil to reverse benzos acutely (but can cause seizures)
106
Sx and Tx for PCP intoxication
Intense psychosis, violence, rhabdo, hyperthermia
Tx: supportive, benzos or haldol for psychosis
acidify urine with ammonium chloride and ascorbic acid
107
Sx of LSD intox
enhanced sensation: richer colors, music more profound, tastes heightened
tx = supportive
108
What is Dissociative disorder? What are the main symptoms?
possess different personalities that can each take control at a given time (key is shifting identities)
109
What is adjustment disorder? What are the main symptoms?
behavioral or emotional sx that occurs in response to stressful life events in excess of what is normal
-has a catch-all quality
Sx within 3 months of stressor and has to disappear within 6 months of disappearance of stressor
(bereavement is not adjustment disorder, they are separate)
110
What is the hallmark of impulse control disorders?
cannot resist certain actions, feel anxiety before action and gratification afterwards
111
do kleptomaniacs feel guilty about stealing?
Yes!
112
Tx for Narcolepsy?
stimulants like methylphenidate or pemoline
113
What are associations and complications of sleep apnea?
assoc: hyperthyroidism
complications: pulmonary HTN
114
Sx of pickwickian syndrome
somnolence, obesity and erythrocytosis
pathophys: weight of adipose on lungs and abdomen cause chronic alveolar hypoventilation
115
What are night terrors? When do they occur during sleep?
not fully awake, sit up suddenly in bed with sweating, tachycardia, feeling frightened
-arises during NREM sleep
116
When do nightmares occur?
REM sleep
usually after an emotional event
fully awake and can recall nightmare events
assoc with drugs
117
When does sleepwalking occur?
during NREM sleep
118
Sx of restless leg syndrome
irresistible urge to move limbs, commonly causes limb jerking movements during sleep that disrupts sleep stages
Tx: dopamine agonist and tx of underlying causes, like thyroid replacement
119
What test is important to do 3 months after starting Olanzapine?
Fasting glucose and lipids
120
Dx of delusional disorder?
non-bizarre fixed delusions for at least 1 month
doesn't meet schizophrenia criteria
functioning in life not significantly impaired
121
What drug is used to treat social anxiety disorder?
Paroxetine (Paxil)
122
What medication can lead to seizures if it is stopped too abruptly?
Xanax aka Alprazolam
123
Treatment for performance social anxiety?
Propranolol
124
What blood tests should be done before lithium is started?
- creatinine
| - thyroid function tests
125
What is the most common side effect of methylphenidate?
Decreased appetite
126
What is the mechanism of acamprosate?
increases GABA, decreases glutamate
| --> decreased cravings
127
What are the symptoms of Wernicke encephalopathy?
```
Acute thiamine deficiency leads to:
C: reversible Confusion
O: Ophthalmoplegia (CN6 palsy)
A: Ataxia
T: Thought disturbances
```
Tx = IV Thiamine
128
What is Korsakoff psychosis?
chronic thiamine deficiency
- irreversible retrograde/anterograde amnesia
- confabulations
129
What is the treatment for delusional disorder?
Psychotherapy
130
If a patient with MDD fails a SSRI, what is the next drug treatment?
a different SSRI, then switch to a different drug class
131
What is trazodone primarily used for?
insomnia related to depression
132
What defecits can lithium cause in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters?
Goiter
| Transient neonatal neuromuscular dysfunction
133
What is the treatment for alcohol withdrawal?
Lorazepam
134
What is the treatment for GAD?
SSRI (escitalopram) + CBT
135
what is the difference between childhood disintegrative disorder and Rett syndrome?
Rett girls> boys, CDD boys> girls
CDD has similar loss of previously acquired skills, but CDD has no decreased head growth or hand wringing
136
Treatment for rapid cyclers?
Carbamazepine
137
Treatment for Panic Disorder?
high dose SSRI for 8-12 months + CBT
| Short term Benzos for immediate relief from attacks
138
Treatment for social phobia
SSRI (paroxetine) + CBT
139
How distinguish normal stress reaction?
may be stressed and have decreased sleep, but does not cause any functional impairment
140
What is a requirement for hospice?
prognosis of <6 months
141
treatment for hoarding?
CBT and SSRI
142
difference between somatization and conversion patients?
somatization patients are concerned about their condition, conversion pts don't care
143
Hypochondriasis time frame?
> 6 months
144
Ddx Somatization from Hypochondriasis?
Hypochondriacs are worried about ONE thing, specific disease
145
Treatment for body dysmorphic disorder
CBT + SSRI
146
brain fag
headache, fatigue, and visual disturbances in African male student
147
How dx delerium?
abnormal EEG
148
if parents refuse therapy for their child that is non-emergent but potentially fatal what is the next step?
court order
if emergent, proceed with tx
149
teen with behavioral changes, next step?
utox
150
Anti H2
sedation and weight gain
151
Anti A1
orthostatic hypotension
| sexual dysfunction
152
Anti muscarinic
dry mouth, blurry vision, constipation, urinary retention, exacerbates Alzheimers
153
anti D2
anti psychosis, EPS, increased prolactin
154
Anti 5-HT1c
weight gain
155
5-HT2
agitation, akathisia
156
5-HT3
diarrhea, nausea + vomiting
157
What are drugs that when combined with SSRIs can cause Serotonin syndrome?
MAOi, OTC cough meds, Linezolid
158
What are drugs that when combined with MAOis can cause Serotonin syndrome
meperidine
| MDMA/MDEA
159
treatment for serotonin syndrome?
cyproheptadine or BDZ
160
EPS Tx?
acute dystonia--> benztropine or diphenhydramine
akathisia--> B blockers or BDZ
Parkinsonism--> levodopa or amantadine
161
What are the teratogenic defects caused by TCAs and BDZs?
TCAs: limb defects
BDZ: cleft palate and FAS facies
162
which SSRI has the fewest withdrawal sx?
Fluoxetine (Prozac) bc has the longest half life
163
Which SSRI has the most withdrawal sx?
Paroxetine (Paxil) due to shortest half life and most anticholinergic side effects
164
Fluvoxamine is used to treat what?
OCD
165
what is the treatment for TCA OD?
NaHCo3
166
what is the only antidepressant that can cause EPS?
Amoxapine (Asendin)
167
Clomipramine major side effect?
very sedating, tx for OCD
168
What are MAOis primarily used to treat?
atypical depression
169
which type of antipsychotics are better for negative sx
atypicals (2nd gen) are better for negative psychotic sx
170
which antipsychotic most likely causes increased prolactin and dystonic reactions
Risperidone (Risperdal)
171
Likely cause if patient says Ziprasidone isn't working?
patient wasn't eating, food is required to activate Geodon in the body
172
if someone on lithium has a blood level > 4.0, what is the next step?
hemodialysis
173
Treatment for someone on lithium with HTN?
Ca channel blocker
174
treatment for barbiturate overdose
IV NaHCO3
175
Benadryl has what kind of side effects?
anti-cholinergic
176
What is Propranolol used to treat?
panic attacks, performance anxiety and akathisia
177
patient has sx of schizophrenia, depression and bipolar 1 disease and is older, think...?
vascular dementia x frontal lobe infarct
178
How does DA and 5-HT relate to libido?
DA increases libido
5-HT decreases libido
179
sildafenil is what kind of drug?
PDE5-inhibitor
180
During what stage of sleep does sleepwalking, bedwetting and sleep terrors occur?
delta, stage 3-4
181
What is the difference between acute and chronic insomnia?
acute is less than a month, chronic is more than a month
182
What is Keine-Levin syndrome?
excess daytime sleepiness, aggression, hyperphagia, hypersexuality
183
What is the treatment for cataplexy?
Oxybate
184
What is delayed sleep phase disorder? tx?
sleep onset and awakening are delayed, nml duration/quality
| tx: bright light phototherapy in AM, melatonin in evening
185
What is advanced sleep phase disorder?
sleep onset and awakening are early, normal duration and quality
tx: bright light therapy in the evening
186
tx for nightmares
image rehearsal therapy
| if severe, antidepressants
187
REM sleep disorder: sx and tx
Sx: dream enactment (talking, yelling, etc) that often presents as injury to pt or bed parter
tx: clonazepam
188
Restless leg syndrome
causes
Sx
irresistible urge to move one's legs while going to sleep
Cause: pregnancy, anemia, renal failure, metabolic disturbances
189
What is the treatment for pseudodementia?
supportive psychotherapy + low dose antidepressants
depression + low appetite + insomnia--> mirtazapine
190
How long does normal grief last?
<2 months, illusions but no delusions, hallucinations or SI
191
what side effects of anti-depressants are more commonly seen in elderly?
anticholinergic
192
What kind of drug is meperedine?
opioid
193
Tx for opiate OD?
naloxone
194
Tx for opiate withdrawal
Clonidine
195
what is the best treatment for heroin addiction?
methadone
196
Teeth grinding is associated with what drug?
Ecstasy/MDMA
197
what is dissociative amnesia?
1+ episode of inability to recall personal information ,not due to tTBI, medication condition, substance abuse or ordinary amneisa
198
Tx for dissociative amenisa?
psychotherapy, most acute cases return to normal after min-days
lorazepam or amobarbital often used to help pt talk freely during interview
199
What is dissociative fugue?
sudden, unexpected travel away from home and inability to recall one's past
200
Dissociative fugue vs. amnesia?
DA pts are aware of what they can't seem to remember, DF don't acknowledge the amnesia
201
Dissociative fugue vs. transient global amnesia
DA pts show loss of identity, global amnesia have difficulty with more recent events but identity remains intact
202
Delirium cause: focal neuro sx
CVA/Mass lesion
| dx brain CT/MRI
203
Delirium cause? increased BP and papilledema
HTN encephalopathy
| dx brain CT/MRI
204
Delirium cause? increased HR and dilated pupils
drug intox
| dx: utox
205
Delirium cause? increased HR, tremor and thyromegaly
Thyrotoxicosis
| Dx TSH and t4 levels
206
Delirium cause? increased ammonia?
Hepatic encephalopathy
| tx lactulose adn neomycin
207
Dementia cause: obesity, coarse hair, constipation and cold intolerance?
Hypothyroidism, reversible
| Dx: TSH and T4 levels
208
Dementia cause: diminished position and vibration sense?
decreased B12
| Dx: B12 levels
209
Dementia cause: diminished position and vibration sense, pupil accommodates but doesn't respond to light
Neurosyphilis
| Dx: CSF FTA-ABs or VDRL levels
210
Dementia cause: tremor, increased LFTs, corneal rings?
Wilson dz
| dx: decreased serum ceruloplasmin levels
211
Diagnosis? waxing and waning Parkinsonism, VH, and antipsychotic sensitivity?
Lew Body dementia
212
treatment for adjustment disorder?
psychotherapy
213
side effect of Lamotrigine?
stevens-johnson
214
side effect of nefazodone?
hepatotoxicity
215
side effect of carbamazepine?
anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia
216
symptoms of myocarditis?
eosinophilia, fever, tachycardia fatigue
decreased EF, increased cardiac enzymes, eKG changes
217
myoclonus is associated with what adverse drug reaction?
serotonin syndrome
218
lihtium toxicity symptoms usually begin above what level?
1.5
219
what is a distinctive feature of acute stress disorder?
dissociation aka losing track of time
220
low iron and magnesium are associated with what disorder?
restless leg syndrome
221
night terrors vs. nightmares
NTs: first 1/3 of night, shout/paralysis, no memory in AM
222
Enuresis nml until what age?
5yo
223
Encopresis nml until what age?
4yo
224
refeeding syndrome is associated with what metabolic abnormality?
decreased phosphorus
225
Dx: confusion/delirium, lethargy, constipation, abdominal pain, polyuria
hypercalcemia
226
what psych drugs can cause hyponatremia?
SSRIs and carbamazepine
227
lesions in what part of the brain can cause hypomania or mania?
R frontal lobe lesions
228
olfactory hallucinations are associated with what illness?
temporal lobe epilepsy
229
What psych sx? interferon
depression
230
What psych sx? Beta-blockers
depression
231
What psych sx? Corticosteroids
hypomania, depression, psychosis and mania *not associated with 'roid rage which is from anabolic steroids
232
What psych sx? Dopaminergic antiparkinson meds
psychosis
233
What psych sx? Dopaminergic antiemetics like prochlorperazinea and metoclopramide
psychosis
234
What psych sx? Anticholinergic meds like diphenhydramine, benztropine
precipitate or worsen delirium
235
What psych sx? Meperidine
precipitate or worsen delirium
236
What psych condition is prazosin used for?
at bedtime for PTSD related nightares
237
What is buproprion used for?
- depressed pts who need to quit smoking
- depressed pts thought to have bipolar disorder
- sexual s/e from SSRIs
238
what med for patients with neurovegetative sx of depression (decreased sleep and appetitie)?
Mirtazapine
239
Contraindications: Buproprion
pts with seizure disorders and eating disorders
240
Contraindications: Valproic acid
pregnant women (neural tube defects)
241
Contraindications: Carbamazepine
pregnant women (neural tube defects)
242
Delusional disorder: time frame? functional impairment?
>1 month, withOUT functional impairment
243
treatment for cocaine withdrawal
Buproprion
244
characteristics of insomnia?
decreased sleep duration or quality
245
what drug decreases alcohol cravings?
naltrexone
246
When do you NOT want to give Haldol?
alcohol withdrawal, can decrease seizure threshold
