Psych Flashcards
Which areas of the brain are associated with depression
Subcallosal cingulate Cortex (area 25)
Right anterior insula
Anterior cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus
DSM 5 Criteria for depression
Five or more for at least 2 weeks: Sleep disturbance Anhedonia Depressed mood Fatigue Appetite/weight change Concentration Exercise - psychomoter agitation/retardation Suicidality/worthlessness/guilt
SSRI SE
Hyponatremia OP in elderly Dry mouth, sweatinng Agitation Sexual dysfunction Weight gain
SNRI SE
Cardiac toxicity in OD
Increased rate of seizures
Indications for ECT
Melancholic depression Psychotic depression Catatonia High suicide risk Poor oral intake Poor response to medication
Tx of psychotic depression
antipressents and antipsychotics +/- ECT
MOA of antipsychotics
All work through D2 receptor blockade or are partial blockers
Most effective antipsychotic
Clozapine
Antipsychotic causing the least EPS
- Clozapine
- Quetiapine
- Olanzapine
Antipsychotic causing the most EPS
Haloperidol
Chlorpromazine
Antipsychotics causing the least hyperprolactinemia
Aripirazole
Clozapine
Quetiapine
Antipsychotics causing the most hyperprolactinemia
Paliperidone
Risperidone
Haloperidol
Amisulpride
Antipsychotics causing the most sedation
Clozapine
Chlorpromazine
Quetiapine
Antipsychotics causing the most weight gain
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Antipsychotics causing the least weight gain
Haloperidol
Lurasidone
Ziprasidone
SE of clozapine
Agranulocytosis myocarditis Cardiomyopathy Convulsions Serious weight gain Diabetes SEdation Anticholinergic effects Tachycardia
Somatoform Symptom Disorder
Defined mainly by the presence of physical symptoms as the predominant feature.
Illness anxiety disorder
A. Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness.
B. Somatic symptoms are not present or if present, are only mild in intensity
C. performs excessive health-related behaviours
D. Present for at least 6 months
Postictal psychosis
o Usually follow exacerbations, especially clusters, of complex partial seizures
o Characteristically, cessation of seizure activity is followed by a brief interlude – a ‘lucid interval’ – of 12 to 72 hours before the mental states deteriorates
Interictal psychosis
o Does resemble schizophrenia in its phenomenological manifestations, pursues a similar course, is as responsive to antipsychotic medication and is largely uninfluenced by concurrent seizure activity
