Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

USMLE S2CK > Psych > Flashcards

Psych Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

neuroimaging obsessive compulsive disorder

A

structural abnormality in the occipital cortex and striatum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the dopamine receptor subtype responsible for extrapyramidal side effects and what are the antipsychotics that act most strongly on these?

A

D2

risperidone and haloperidol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the time cut-off for postpartum blues?

A

within 2-3 days and resolves in 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the treatment of tardive dyskinesia?

A

valbenazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is first-line for alcohol abuse and what is the pharmacology?

A

naltrexone - mu opioid blocker

acamprosate - glutamate modulator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the treatment for OCD?

A

SSRI and CBT (exposure-response prevention)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

expressing unacceptable feelings through actions

A

acting out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

persistent depressive disorder

A

low mood (dysthmia) for more than 2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

experiencing a person or situation as either all positive or all negative

A

splitting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the difference between bullimia and binge eating disorder?

A

binge eating disorder has no compensatory behaviour - just periods of binge

bullimia compensation = vomiting, fasting, running

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

child that is normally talkative at home but refuses to speak at school … what is the condition?

management?

A

selective mutism - considered an anxiety disorder

should be treated early: CBT and SSRIs

try to prevent educational and developmental delay by aggresively correcting it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which are the antipsychotic drugs least likely to cause hyperprolactinaemia?

A

aripiprazole and quetiapine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

neuroimaging Huntington’s

A

atrophy of the caudate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

justifying behaviour to avoid dealing with difficult truths

A

rationalization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what medication can be added to depression when the patient has had an initial partial response to a first line SSRI but has been gaining weight?

A

buspirone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

neuroimaging schizophrenia

A

enlargement of the lateral ventricles

decreased volume in the hippocampus and amygdala

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

intentional falsification of a disorder for clear personal benefit

A

malingering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

intentional falsification of an illness with no obvious reward

A

factitious disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

neuroimaging Autism

A

increased brain volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how can you accurately tell the difference between premenstrual dysthymic disorder and PMS?

A

prospective diary for >2 cycles with demonstration of resolution of low mood in the follicular phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

transferring feelings to a more acceptable object/person

A

displacement

22
Q

what is the treatment of acute dystonia?

A

diphenhydramine or benztropine

23
Q

what is the treatment of antipyschotic parkinsonianism?

A

benztropine or amantadine

24
Q

what is the treatment of akathesia?

A

benztropine

beta blocker

benzodiazepine

25
Q

in a severe presentation of bipolar I what is the pharmacotherapy?

A

mood stabiliser + 2nd gen antipsychotic

26
Q

what medication can give a false positive PCP result on UDS?

A

dextromethorphan/tramadol, ketamine, diphenhydramine, venlafaxine

27
Q

what are the BZDs used in alcohol withdrawal for patients at risk of liver disease

A

lorazepam, oxazepam or temazepam

28
Q

how do you assess the severity of TCA overdose and what is the threshold for treatment?

What is the treatment?

A

QRS duration

>100 ms - increased risk of arrhythmia and seizures

sodium bicarbonate

29
Q

transforming unacceptable thoughts/feelings into exactly the opposite

A

reaction formation

30
Q

neuroimaging depression

A

decreased frontal lobe and hippocampus volumes

sleep analysis - decreased REM latency and slow-wave sleep

REM latency is the period between sleep onset and initiation of REM

31
Q

what is the difference between schizophreniform disorder and schizophrenia?

A

SD duration 1-6 months

schizophrenia >6 months with at least 1 month of positive symptoms

32
Q

what is the difference between acute stress disorder and PTSD?

A

timeline

ASD persists for >3 day and lasts less than 1 month

PTSD lasts >1 month

33
Q

which antipsychotics are most associated with weight gain and metabolic effects?

what are the monitoring requirements in this regard?

A

olanzapine and clozapine

monthly weight/BMI; fasting glucose and lipids at 3-months then annually

34
Q

which antipsychotics are most associated with hyperprolactinaemia?

A

first-generations and risperidone

35
Q

what class of drug is fluvoxamine?

A

SSRI

36
Q

how is vitamin A affected in anorexia?

A

hypercarotenaemia associated with carotene-rich foods like carrots and squash

yellowing of the skin and palms

37
Q

what is lisdexamfetamine used for?

A

binge eating disorder in obese patients unresponsive to psychotherapy alone

38
Q

which mood stabiliser is strongly associated with hepatotoxicity?

A

valproate

39
Q

what are the features of adjustment disorder?

A

onset within 3 months of the stressor

doesn’t fit the criteria for MDD, PTSD etc

marked distress and functional impairment

40
Q

what are the preferred SSRI for elderly depression with a cardiac history/polypharmacy?

A

sertraline or escitalopram

41
Q

what is a defining feature of HIV dementia?

A

early onset of subcortical symptoms - slowed movement or jerky limb movement

42
Q

other than SSRI/mood stabiliser, what are the best treatments for bipolar I depressive episode?

A

2nd gen antipsychoitcs - quetiapine/lurasidone

anticonvulsant - lamotrigine

43
Q

when is it appropriate to give beta blockers in social anxiety disorder?

A

performance-only anxiety (i.e. not personal social gatherings)

predominant physcial symptoms

44
Q

what are the contraindications for bupropion?

A

seizure disorders

eating disorders

recent (<2 weeks) use of MAO-Is

45
Q

what class of drug is duloxetine?

A

SNRI

also works for neuropathic pain so watch out for this as can hit 2 birds with 1 stone in relevant cases

46
Q

bupropion mechanism of action

A

noradrenaline & dopamine reuptake inhibitor

47
Q

what are the short and long term side effects of SSRI that should be warned about?

A

short - headache, insomnia, nausea

long - weight gain and sexual dysfunction

18-24 year olds increased short term risk of suicidal thoughts

48
Q

what is the key timeline factor is diagnosing schizoaffective disorder?

A

lifetime occurance of >2 weeks with only psychotic symtoms in the absence of depression/mania

49
Q

what is the most common psychological comorbidity seen in multiple sclerosis?

A

depression - up to 2/3 patients with MS

50
Q

what are the medications for the 3 eating disorders after CBT and nutritional rehabilitation

A

anorexia - olanzapine

bullemia - fluoxetine

binge eating disorder - SSRIs or lisdexamfetamine

51
Q

what is the half life of fluoxetine?

A

long, 4-6 days

makes withdrawal after a few days of missing doses unlikely

c/o paroxetine that has a short half life (12 hours)

52
Q

which commonly prescribed antidepressant leads to dose-dependant hypertension?

A

venlafaxine

USMLE S2CK (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions