PSYCH-515-Complete-Class-Guide Flashcards
PSYCH 515 Advanced Abnormal Psychology
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PSYCH 515 Week 1 DQ 1
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The Biological and Cognitive-Behavioral Viewpoints
Define the Biological and Cognitive-Behavioral Viewpoints (or perspectives) of Abnormality and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using these models to understand and treat abnormal behavior.
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PSYCH 515 Week 1 DQ 3
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Toward a New Understanding of Mental Illness
Thomas Insel, Director of the National Institute of Mental Health, discusses a contemporary framework for understanding mental disorders.
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PSYCH 515 Week 1 DQ 4
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Alternative Perspective on Mental Illness
Theoretical perspectives can influence the labels that are used to describe the individuals that clinicians treat. Many psychologists prefer to call the people they treat clients instead of patients because the term patient has a sick connotation. Likewise, some clinicians prefer to treat problems in living rather than mental illnesses or mental disorders. While these terms might seem like mere semantic distinctions, they have political and sociocultural implications. One label that is often used in the treatment of severe mental disorders is that of disease. I find it important to remember that the disease perspective is but one perspective among other competing models. Some theorists and clinicians would argue against this perspective, or at least delimit some disorders to the realm of disease (e.g., dementia) and others to realm of behavioral disorders (e.g., ADHD). Once upon a time, many years ago, my psychopharmacology professor (an MD psychiatrist) made the comment that, many clinicians treat anxiety as if it was a Valium deficiency. Fast forwarding to the current day, perhaps we can say that depression is frequently treated as if it was a Prozac (or Pristiq) deficiency. My point is this: When medical treatments are used to treat mental disorders, these disorders are easily classified as medical diseases. This reminds me of a saying: If the only tool you have is a hammer, you go about treating all problems as if they were nails. For a very provocative ‘classic’ anti-medical establishment perspective on mental illness, you might want to consider reading the book The Myth of Mental Illness by Thomas Szasz, MD. My intention in sharing this perspective is not to promote it, but rather to expand your perception about how labels are a natural extension of a particular theoretical orientation, which has major implications for how we view and treat people with abnormal behavior. Here is a brief video excerpt of Dr. Szasz presenting his ideas. On a personal note, I had the honor of accompanying Dr. Szasz from the Philadelphia airport to my undergraduate college, where he gave a talk. On September 8, 2012, he died at the age of 92.
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PSYCH 515 Week 1 DQ 5
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Self disclosure from clinician to client/patient occurs in therapy and clinical assessment. There are various types of self disclosure, which are reviewed by this video.
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PSYCH 515 Week 1 DQ 6
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Critique of the DSM
As you know from this week’s readings, the DSM is the diagnostic manual that is widely used by mental health clinicians. Most, if not all insurance companies require clinicians to submit a DSM diagnosis in order for the clinician to be reimbursed. Because the DSM is so popular, in some professional circles it has become an object of controversy, even condemnation. Regardless of one’s attitudes about the DSM, I believe that it’s important to consider alternate perspectives that are grounded in a critical analysis of this significant document.
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PSYCH 515 Week 1 Individual Introductory Case Study
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Jim is a 48-year-old Caucasian male who is often described as a loner. For the past 15 years, Jim has maintained steady employment as a technical writer for a mid-size publishing company. Jim lives in a one bedroom apartment and pays his bills on time. He has never married, has no children and expresses little interest in interpersonal relationships or friendships. Although his parents and brother live in the same city as Jim, he sees them only on major holidays. He does not seem interested in deepening these relationships. In his leisure time, Jim engages in solitary pursuits such as reading and computer games. He lives life ‘under the radar’ and prefers it that way claiming that social interactions have never been all that satisfying to him. Others describe Jim as socially awkward. He often misses social cues which can make others feel uncomfortable. For example, he may continue talking when others give cues that it is time to end a conversation. He has also been known to express his opinions on things in a ‘brutally honest’ way. These behaviors have isolated Jim socially and interfered with his ability to form lasting friendships. He appears to be oblivious to his social mistakes, having only a vague understanding of particular social interactions as ‘going well’ or ‘not going well.’ Jim acknowledges that he may seem ‘a little different’ to others but this doesn’t bother him in the least. He appears more or less indifferent to the opinions of others.
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper that addresses the following questions:
Is Jim’s behavior abnormal? Use the six primary elements of abnormal behavior, outlined in Chapter 1 of Abnormal Psychology, to answer this question.
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PSYCH 515 Week 2 DQ 1
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Stress Tolerance
What is stress tolerance? According to this week’s readings (and/or other scholarly information sources), what factors are associated with an individual’s ability to cope with stress? How do these factors contribute to the ability to cope with stress?
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PSYCH 515 Week 2 DQ 2
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Anxiety Disorders
Describe the symptoms of a specific DSM-IV-TR Anxiety Disorder (include the name of this disorder in your discussion). What are the causal factors associated with this disorder? (please note that causal factors are not symptoms) Discuss the most effective treatment modalities (specific medications and specific forms of therapy, as applicable) for this disorder.
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PSYCH 515 Week 2 DQ 3
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Autogenic Training for Stress Management
Autogenic training is the oldest Western method of self-regulation. However, because it originated in Germany, much of the research has been published in Europe and in Japan, resulting in many clinicians not being familiar with it. Here is a link to an audio program on Autogenic Training that I created for an article I wrote on the subject of mind-body methods and cardiovascular disease.
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PSYCH 515 Week 2 DQ 4
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Cardiovascular Disease and the Mind-Body Connection
Contemporary research reveals that the quality of the mind-body connection can contribute to cardiovascular disease and its treatment and prevention.
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PSYCH 515 Week 2 DQ 5
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How to Deal with a Panic Attack
Psychologist Steven Hayes, Ph.D. offers words of wisdom for dealing with Panic Attacks. Dr. Hayes is the principle creator of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), an empirically validated therapy that uses acceptance, mindfulness, and commitment to core values as therapeutic processes. One ACT acronym that can be applied to anxiety and many other psychological problems is “Accept all experiences”, “Commit to core values”, and “Take action”. In other words, ACT. For those who would like to learn more about him, I have included a link to Dr. Hayes’ website. On a personal note, I had the honor of being a co-author in a book on mindfulness that Dr. Hayes also co-authored. I finally met him a few years ago at a conference, and liked his down-to-earth style. He freely discusses his past struggles with panic and anxiety.
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PSYCH 515 Week 2 DQ 6
Avoidance, Stress, and Mindfulness
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In my psychotherapy practice, I often use mindfulness meditation and related methods as a therapeutic intervention to help individuals face their distressing inner and outer experiences. Mindfulness also has implications for immune system functioning. Mindfulness can be defined as “awareness of present experience, with acceptance” (Germer, 2005). To my clients, I might suggest that they pay close attention to their thoughts, feelings, and actions in order to become more aware. As the great cultural icon Yogi Berra once said, “you can see a lot by just looking”. Mindfulness involves more than present-centered awareness. It involves a certain set of attitudes such as acceptance, patience, gentleness, openness, non-judgement, and non-striving. The “non-striving” attitude is challenging for many people because most of us have been taught (i.e., “conditioned”) to believe that there is something “better” to attain. The paradox for many people is that when they “try to be at peace”, they set up an opposition to being peaceful. When facilitating select clients in mindfulness I sometimes state, “don’t try to relax…just allow yourself to be present, open, and accepting to whatever you are experiencing.” When they stop trying to relax and stay open and accepting to what they’re experiencing, many times they end up feeling deeply relaxed! There are now several research-validated therapies that integrate the process of mindfulness. Mindfulness can be practiced as an in-the-moment awareness exercise and also as a formal meditation practice. “Mindfulness meditation involves two basic elements: concentration (e.g., on the breath) to focus and stabilize the mind and body; and open, nonjudgmental awareness that observes the passing of thoughts, feelings, images and sensations (Kabat-Zinn 1993).” References Cammarata L. (2009). Cardiovascular disease and the mind-body connection. IDEA Fitness Journal, Vol. 6 (6), 40-46. Germer, C.K. (2005). Mindfulness. In C.K. Germer, R.D. Siegel, & P.R. Fulton (Eds.) Mindfulness and Psychotherapy (pp. 3-27). New York: The Guilford Press.
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PSYCH 515 Week 2 Individual Critical Issue Analysis
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Analyze Issue 3: Is Psychological Debriefing a Harmful Intervention for Survivors of Trauma? located in the Taking Sides text.
Answer the questions directly upon the Critical Issue Analysis Template, and include an APA formatted Title Page, in-text reference citations, and a Reference List. As part of your analysis, evaluate contemporary research associated with your selected critical issue. For question 7, it is highly recommended that you conduct a research review using scholarly research from sources external to the critical issue analysis article.
Review the Tips and Grading Rubric for this assignment.
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PSYCH 515 Week 3 DQ 1
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Mood Disorders
What is the general definition of Mood Disorders? Describe the symptoms of a specific DSM-IV-TR Mood Disorder (include the name of this disorder in your discussion). Name and discuss the most effective research-validated treatments for this disorder, including specific medications and specific forms of therapy.
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