psych 3210 test one

Question 1

agonists

Answer 1

effectively increase the activity of a neurotransmitter by mimicking its effects

Question 2

inverse agonist

Answer 2

effects opposite of those produced by the neurotransmitter

Question 3

diagnostic and statistical manual: updated on may 2013

Answer 3

DSM-5

Question 4

acute onset

Answer 4

disorder begins suddenly

Question 5

insidious onset

Answer 5

develop gradually over an extended period

Question 6

operant conditioning

Answer 6

a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher

Question 7

punisher

Answer 7

decrease behavior

Question 8

multidemensional

Answer 8

draw from many sources
-biological, behavioral, emotional, social, and cultural

Question 9

phenotype

Answer 9

physical

Question 10

neruotransmitters

Answer 10

transmit messages between brain cells

Question 11

neurons

Answer 11

operate electrically but communicate chemically

Question 12

norepinephrine

Answer 12

plays into alarm responses and basic bodily processes

Question 13

validity

Answer 13

what an assessment measures and how well it does so

Question 14

prognosis

Answer 14

likely future course of a disorder under certain conditions

Question 15

classical categorical

Answer 15

you have it or you dont
-caused by something

Question 16

manic episode

Answer 16

-elevated, expansive mood at least 1 week
-impairment in normal functioning
-inflated self esteem, decreased need for sleep, excessive talkativeness
-extreme pleasure in every activity

Question 17

major depressive disorder

Answer 17

-one or major depressive episodes separated by 2 months of no depression

Question 18

-disruptive mood dysregulation disorder

Answer 18

sever temper outbursts, occuring frequently against a backdrop of angry or irritable mood
-combat over diagnosis of borderline and bipolar disorder

Question 19

gene-environment correlation

Answer 19

people who are vulnerable to depression might be more likely to enter situations that will lead to stress

Question 20

psychologist

Answer 20

a scientist who studies the mind and behavior of humans and animals: psychosocial: PHD

Question 21

psychiatrist

Answer 21

medical doctor who has specialized in treating psychological disorders: MD: ives meds

Question 22

psychological disorder

Answer 22

1. abnormal cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning
2. behavior is outside cultural norms
3. impairment
4. personal distress

Question 23

episodic

Answer 23

happening in parts or segments

Question 24

time-limited

Answer 24

symptoms will improve on their own with the passage of time

Question 25

chronic

Answer 25

continuing for a long time

Question 26

guarded prognosis

Answer 26

the probable outcome doesn't look good

Question 27

classical conditioning

Answer 27

a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events

Question 28

reinforcers

Answer 28

increases behavior

Question 29

genotype

Answer 29

born with

Question 30

diathesis-stress model

Answer 30

genetic but needs environment exposure to bring it out: individuals inherit tendencies to express certain traits or behaviors, which may then be activated under conditions of stress

Question 31

reciprocal gene-environment model

Answer 31

your genes create your environment you live in

Question 32

serotonin (5-HT)

Answer 32

plays into depression

Question 33

gamma aminobutryic acid (GABBA)

Answer 33

plays into fear and anxiety

Question 34

dopamine

Answer 34

plays into depression, ADHD, schozophrenia, parkinson

Question 35

antagonists

Answer 35

decrease, or block, a neurotransmitter

Question 36

learned helplessness

Answer 36

lack of perceived control over life events leads to decreased attempts to improve own situation

Question 37

concurrent validity

Answer 37

the extent to which two measures of the same trait or ability agree

Question 38

discriminant validity

Answer 38

scores on the measure are not related to other measures that are theoretically different

Question 39

predicitve validity

Answer 39

refers to the function of a test in predicting a particular behavior or trait

Question 40

ABC's of observation

Answer 40

-antecedent -behavior -consequence

Question 41

standardization

Answer 41

set of standards or norms is determined to make its use consistent

Question 42

dimensional

Answer 42

variety of cognitions, moods, and behaviors- on a scale

Question 43

prototypical

Answer 43

combines classical and dimensional views- DSM-5

Question 44

hypomanic episode

Answer 44

-low grade -shorter less severe -fewer and milder symptoms -less impairment

Question 45

mood disorders

Answer 45

gross deviations in mood

Question 46

major depressive episode

Answer 46

-extremely depressed mood and/or loss of pleasure -lasts most of the day, nearly every day for 2 weeks -at least four additional physical or cognitive symptoms

Question 47

persistent depressive disorder

Answer 47

-2 years of depressive symptoms -more than 50% of days -no more than 2 months symptom free -persistent, low grade

Question 48

bipolar 1

Answer 48

-alternation between manic and major depressive episodes -1 year long -average onset is 15-18 -suicide is common -chronic

Question 49

bipolar 2

Answer 49

-hypomanic and major depressive episodes -mild symptoms -long periods -lasts at least 2 years -develops into bipolar 1

Question 50

cyclothymic disorder

Answer 50

-chronic version of bipolar -mild symptoms -episodes may persist for long periods

Question 51

cognitive behavioral therapy

Answer 51

primary treatment of depressive disorders -addresses cognitive errors in thinking -includes behavioral components

Question 52

lithium

Answer 52

-treats bipolar disorder -mood stabalizer