Psych

Question 1

attaining a specific standard of proficiency on a task, usually within a specified time limit.

Answer 1

objective goal

Question 2

general statement of intent

Answer 2

subject goal

Question 3

• focus on the outcomes/competitive results of particular events
• product orientated
• usually based on social comparisons

Answer 3

outcome goals

Question 4

• specify end-products of performance
• can be achieved independently of others

Answer 4

performance goals

Question 5

• specify behaviours/actions in which the performer will engage in during performance
• improving form, technique, strategy (e.g., staying focused, maintaining power)

Answer 5

process goals

Question 6

outcome goal’s advantage

Answer 6

• facilitate movement away from competition (hard gym sessions, aid in completing unenjoyable activities)

Question 7

outcome goal’s disadvantage

Answer 7

• Often uncontrollable
• Can increase anxiety and negative thoughts
• Can distract and/or increase irrelevant thoughts during competition

Question 8

performance goal’s advantage

Answer 8

• More controllable
• Less dependable on opponents

Question 9

performance goal’s disadvantage

Answer 9

• Can lead to overthinking and anxiety (performance goals)
• Difficult to prioritise them

Question 10

Early sport research showed both a positive and negative result (t / f)

Answer 10

true

Question 11

Effects are maximized when planning, achievement strategies, rewards, and feedback are included (t / f)

Answer 11

true

Question 12

how does goal setting work? - in direct mechanistic view what are 4 ways to do

Answer 12

1) Direct attention to important elements of the skill performed
2) Mobilise efforts
3) Prolong persistence (1만 시간의 법칙)
4) Foster development of new learning strategy

Question 13

how does goal setting work? - in indirect mechanistic view what are 4 ways to do

Answer 13

1) Lowered anxiety
2) Greater confidence
3) Improved self-regulation
4) Being better at coping with failure

Question 14

SMART goals stand for?

Answer 14

specific
measurable
achievable
realistic
time-based

Question 15

goal setting principles (12)

Answer 15

1. set specific goals
2. set moderately difficult, but realistic
3. set long-term & short-term goals
4. set all three performance/process/outcome goals (균형을 잘 맞게)
5. set mastery/performance + avoidance(not의미 넣어서 해석하기)/approach 조합 선택
   (m.ap.-성장 시키자, m.av.-전보다 못 하지 말아야지, p.ap.-몇 등 안에 들어야지, p.av.-밑에서 10% 안에 들지 말아야지)
6. set practice and competition goals
7. record goals
8. develop goal achievement strategies (목표+전략 동시에 필수)
9. consider participants’ personalities and motivations
10. foster an individual’s goal commitment
11. provide goal support (가족이나 친구 등으로부터 지지를 받을 수 있다. it encourages them to persist)
12. provide evaluation of and feedback on goals

Question 16

goal setting problems (4)

Answer 16

• Goal setting is not perfect
• People do not often adhere to the principles
• It can be easier said than done
• Can encounter problems