PSYCH

Question 1

The disease was viewed by? DIRN

Answer 1

➔ demonic possession,
➔ influence of ancestral spirits,
➔ result of violating a taboo,
➔ neglecting ritual and cultural condemnation.
As a result, they were beaten, tortured, to make
body unsuitable for demon.

Question 2

Pythagoras: (580-510 BC) I

Answer 2

➔ developed the concept that brain is the seat
of intellectual activity.

Question 3

Hippocrates: (460-370 BC) HMD

Answer 3

➔ described mental illness as hysteria, mania,
and depression.

Question 4

Plato (427- 347 BC) MB

Answer 4

➔ identified the relationship between mind and
body.

Question 5

Asciepiades H

Answer 5

➔ made simple hygienic Measures, diet, bath,
massage in diet, bath, massage in place of
mechanical restraints

Question 6

Aristotle: RRE

Answer 6

➔ suggested release of repressed emotions
for the effective treatment of mental illness.

Question 7

MENTAL HEALTH NURSING

Answer 7

➔ also known as psychiatric nursing, is a
specialized field of nursing practice that
involves the care of individuals with a
mental health disorder to help them recover
and improve their quality of life

Question 8

➔ A state of emotional, psychological and
social wellness evidenced by satisfying
interpersonal relationships, effective
behavior and coping, positive self-concept
and emotional stability. (WHO)

Answer 8

Mental health

Question 9

COMPONENTS OF MENTAL HEALTH (ASCFRAFL)

Answer 9

1. The ability to accept self.
2. The capacity to feel right towards others.
3. The ability to fulfill life’s tasks.

Question 10

INDICATORS OF MENTAL HEALTH (PA,GDAS,I,A,PR,EM)

Answer 10

1. A positive attitude towards self.
2. Growth, development and the ability for
   self-actualization.
3. Integration
4. Autonomy
5. Perception of Reality.
6. Environmental Mastery

Question 11

CHARACTERISTICS OF MENTALLY HEALTHY
PERSON (MA,PW,DMPS,PSFSUOP,SR,GAL,SEMTF,PLPDA,VIWLB,WR)

Answer 11

➔ An ability to make adjustments.
➔ Sense of personal worth, and importance.
➔ Own decision making and problem solving.
➔ Sense of personal security and feel secure
in group, understand other people problems
and motives.
➔ Sense of responsibility.
➔ Give and accept love.
➔ Shows emotional maturity and tolerate
frustration.
➔ Have a philosophy of life and purpose to his
daily activities.
➔ Has a variety of interests and well balanced
with work, rest and recreation.
➔ Lives in the world of reality not fantasy.

Question 12

Mental Illness and behavioral disorders are
clinically significant conditions characterized by
alterations in thinking, mood/emotions, or behavior
associated with personal distress and impaired
functioning.

Characteristics of mental illness:

Answer 12

➔ Change in thinking, memory, perception,
feeling, judgment and speech.
➔ Disturbance in day to day activities, work
and relationship with important others.

Question 13

MENTAL HEALTH as evidenced by: (SEPES)

Answer 13

Is a state of emotional , psychological and social
well being as evidenced by:
➔ Satisfying interpersonal relationship
➔ Effective behavior and coping
➔ Positive self- concept
➔ Emotional stability
➔ Self awareness

Question 14

➔ A mental disorder or condition manifested
by disorganization and impairment of
functions that arises from various causes
such as psychological, neurobiological and
genetic factor.

Answer 14

Mental Illness

Question 15

CAUSES OF MENTAL ILLNESS (ATN,SIL,DSR,EDS,SDPD,B,LTS,LTPHC,U,H/PH,LTC,DAM)

Answer 15

➔ childhood abuse, trauma, or neglect
➔ social isolation or loneliness
➔ experiencing discrimination and stigma,
including racism
➔ social disadvantage, poverty or debt
➔ bereavement (losing someone close to
you)
➔ severe or long-term stress
➔ having a long-term physical health condition
➔ unemployment or losing your job
➔ homelessness or poor housing
➔ being a long-term carer for someone
➔ drug and alcohol misuse
➔ domestic violence, bullying or other abuse
➔ significant trauma as an adult, such as
military combat, being involved in a serious
incident in which you feared for your life, or
being the victim of a violent crime
➔ physical causes – for example, a head
injury or a neurological condition such as
epilepsy can have an impact on your
behaviour and mood. (It’s important to rule
out potential physical causes before seeking
further treatment for a mental health
problem)

Question 16

usually the patient retains insight and
orientation; they experience deep distress
and may commit suicide as in depression

Answer 16

Neuroses

Question 17

The patient is disoriented, deluded and
lacking insights eg. Schizophrenia,
puerperal psychosis

Answer 17

Psychoses

Question 18

progressive deterioration with loss of recent
memory and deterioration of a normal
personality. They may be primary or
commonly secondary condition e.g. alcohol
, stroke

Answer 18

Dementia

Question 19

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A MENTAL
HEALTH NURSE (APNC,OW,VPH,RLTP,CSHPFM,AM,ARCP,GAASP,LDSWP,ATS,WUPR,EPTA)

Answer 19

➔ assessing and planning nursing care
requirements.
➔ organizing workloads.
➔ visiting patients at home.
➔ building relationships with, reassuring, and
listening to and talking to patients.
➔ combating stigma and helping patients and
their families manage it.
➔ administering medications.
➔ agreeing and reviewing care plans and
monitoring progress
➔ giving advice and arranging support for
patients, relatives and carers
➔ liaising with doctors, social workers and
other professionals
➔ assessing treatment success at case
conferences and meetings
➔ writing and updating patient records
➔ encouraging patients to take part in
therapeutic activities such as art and role
play

Question 20

QUALITIES OF A PSYCHIATRIC NURSE (SSASBRPEAA)

Answer 20

SELF-AWARENESS
SELF-ACCEPTANCE
ACCEPTING THE PATIENT
SINCERELY INTERESTED IN PATIENT CARE
BEING AVAILABLE
RELIABILITY
PROFESSIONALISM
EMPATHIZING WITH THE PATIENT
ACCOUNTABILITY
ABILITY TO THINK CRITICALLY

Question 21

2.SELF-ACCEPTANCE

Answer 21

➔ The nurse should not only be aware, but
also accept her strengths as well her
limitations. Self-understanding helps her to
be assertive and feeling guilty

Question 22

3.ACCEPTING THE PATIENT

Answer 22

➔ Accepting means, being non-judgmental,
Acceptance conveys the feeling of being
loved and cared. The nurse should accept
the patient as he is, as a sick person,
regardless of caste, color, race or behavior.
➔ The ability to talk therapeutically with
patients requires an attitude of acceptance,
tolerance and genuine interest in the
patient. The basis of all helping
relationships is acceptance which implies
that the nurse treats the patient as an
important person and not as a diagnostic
entity or a set of psychiatric symptoms.

Question 23

4.BEING SINCERELY INTERESTED IN PATIENT
CARE

Answer 23

➔ Being sincerely interested in patient care
means considering the patient’s interest.
➔ Studying patient’s behavior pattern
➔ Allowing him to make his own choices anddecisions as far as possible.
➔ *Being aware of his likes and dislikes
➔ Being honest with him
➔ Active listening

Question 24

5.BEING AVAILABLE

Answer 24

➔ Being available means the nurse should be
approachable to the patient. She should
convey to the patient that she is available
not only to meet his physical care
requirements, but also to assist him in
dealing with his psychological needs

Question 25

6.RELIABILITY

Answer 25

➔ The nurse must demonstrate honesty,
truthfulness, resourcefulness and
competence in her dealings with the
patients and their families. She must prove
herself to be trustworthy and as a person
who can be relied upon in any situation.

Question 26

7.PROFESSIONALISM

Answer 26

➔ Developing the professional skills of a
psychiatric nurse is dependent upon
learning as much as possible about the
patient, his illness and the helping role of
the nurse as it specifically applies to the
patient.

Question 27

8.EMPATHIZING WITH THE PATIENT

Answer 27

➔ Empathy is an important tool in
understanding other’s feelings. Empathy is
a process where a person gets into another
person’s situation and experiences what
other person feels and then is able to step
back and analyze the situation. The nurse
need not necessarily have to experience it
but has to be able to imagine the feelings
associated with the experience.
➔ To be able to empathize with the patient the
nurse must be willing to get involved
enough to feel what the other person feels
and at the same time avoid
over-involvement, projection of her own
feelings and over- identification.

Question 28

9.ACCOUNTABILITY

Answer 28

➔ According to Peplau (1980), the need for
personal accountability and professional
integrity are greater in psychiatric practice
than in any other type of healthcare.
Patients in mental health settings are
usually more vulnerable and defenseless
than patients in other healthcare settings,
particularly because their conditions hinder
their thinking processes and their
relationships with others. Mental health
nurses are accountable for the nature of the
effort they make on behalf of the patients
and answerable to patients for the quality of
their efforts.

Question 29

10.THE ABILITY TO THINK CRITICALLY

Answer 29

➔ The ability to think critically is crucial for
mental health nurses. A critical thinker
analyzes information before drawing
conclusions about it. It is purposeful,
reasonable, reflective thinking that drives
problem solving and decision making and
aims to make judgments based on
evidence