Psych Flashcards
when do panic attacks peak + resolve
peak - 10 minutes
resolve - 1 hour
first line tx for panic attack
benzo (alprazolam, lorazepam, diazepam)
diagnostic criteria for panic disorder
recurrent, unexpected panic attacks (at least 2 panic attacks) + at least one of the following for at least 1 month: panic attacks often followed by persistent concern for future attacks, persistent worry about implication of attacks (losing control), maladaptive behavior related to attacks
how long must you have sx to be diagnosed with panic disorder
1 month
tx panic disorder
SSRIs first line
how long must you have sx to be diagnosed with agoraphobia
6 months
how long must you have sx for GAD
6 months
tx GAD
SSRIs and SNRIs
can use Buspirone as an adjunct
ADHD is characterized by
inattention, impulsivity, hyperactivity
ADHD is often comorbid with
Conduct and oppositional defiant disorders
what neurotransmitters play a large role in ADHD
dopamine and norepinephrine
dx ADHD
sx occurring for at least 6 months
at least 6 inattentive sx
or
at least 6 hyperactivity/impulsivity sx
at what age should kids be medically treated for ADHD
at least age 6
stimulants and MOA for ADHD
Methylphenidate
Dexmethylphenidate
Amphetamine
Dextroamphetamine
MOA - up regulate dopamine (blocks dopamine reuptake in pre- and post-synaptic)
non stimulants and MOA for ADHD
when are these preferred?
atomoxetine and viloxazine
MOA - SNRI (selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor)
preferred in patients with hx of illicit substance use/household members w illicit substance use
alpha2 adrenergic agonists for ADHD
guanfacine
clonidine
these are pretty much 3rd line
autism spectrum disorder is characterized by
impairment in social interaction or communication
restricted, repetitive stereotyped behaviors and other signs leading to impaired social functioning
when are sx for ASD usually recognized
12-24 mos
what is the MC genetic cause of ASD
fragile X syndrome
what is conduct disorder
persistent pattern of behaviors that deviate sharply form the age-appropriate norms and violates the rights of other humans and animals
conduct disorder is usually comorbid with
ADHD and oppositional defiance disorder
conduct disorder may progress to
antisocial personality disorder
4 main groups of behaviors for conduct disorder
breaking rules
aggressive conduct
destructive conduct
deceitfulness
how to diagnose conduct disorder
persistent pattern of recurrent violation of rights of others with at least THREE behaviors over the least year and at least ONE incidence within the last 6 months
MUST BE < 18 years old
what is oppositional defiant disorder
type of childhood disruptive behavior characterized by a. persistent pattern of negative, angry or irritable mood, argumentative or defiant behavior and intentional vindictiveness or spitefulness
NOT ASSOCIATED WITH PHYSICAL AGGRESSION, VIOLATION OF OTHERS’ BASIC RIGHTS, OR BREAKING LAWS
dx oppositional defiant disorder
characterized by at least 4 sx for at least 6 months with at least one individual that is not a sibling
classic sx of oppositional defiant disorder
angry or irritable behavior
argumentative or defiant
vindictiveness
behaviors distress others and negatively impact functioning
BMI for anorexia nervosa
17.5 or body weight < 85% of ideal weight
what type of “ego” for anorexia
ego-syntonic - their behaviors are acceptable to them and are in harmony with their self-image goals
what has the highest mortality rate of all psychiatric conditions
anorexia nervosa
bulimia nervosa is characterized by
frequent and recurrent binge eating combined w inappropriate compensatory behaviors to counteract weight gain (purging w vomiting, laxatives, diuretics, enemas)
weight for bulimia
usually maintain a normal weight or may be overweight
what type of “ego” for bulimia
ego-dystonic - behaviors are troublesome to patient
what is the only FDA approved med for bulimia
fluoxetine
binge eating disorder is characterized by
frequent and recurrent binge eating episodes without compensatory behaviors of bulimia nervosa
what type of “ego” for binge eating
ego-dystonic - troublesome to patient
how long must episodes occur to be diagnosed with binge-eating disorder AND bulimia nervosa
once a week for three months
single strongest predictive factor for suicide
previous attempt
gender and suicide
females attempt more
men are more successful
who has the highest risk of suicide in US
elderly white men
diagnose MDD
at least 2 distinct episodes of at least 5 associated sx (must include either depressive mood or anhedonia) almost every day for most of the days for at least TWO WEEKS
what is cyclothymic disorder
hypomanic sx that fall short of meeting criteria for full hypomanic episode and numerous periods of mild to moderate depressive sx that fall short of meeting criteria for MDD
diagnose cyclothymic disorder
at least 2 consecutive years of prolonged, milder elevations and milder depressions in mood that do not meet criteria of full hypomanic episodes or major depressive episodes
persistent depressive disorder is also known as
dysthymia
dx dysthymia
depressed mood for at least 2 years in adults
at least 2 conditions (insomnia, fatigue, low energy, etc)
not sx free for > 2 months at a time
