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Genrel psycgology > PSYC 2301 EXAM 1 TEST REVIEW > Flashcards

PSYC 2301 EXAM 1 TEST REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

what is definition for psychology

A

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental process. Psychology is a science because we study it a scientific way.

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2
Q

what is the psychodynamic perspective

A
  • more focused on development of a sense of self and discovery of motivations behind a person behavior other than sexual motions
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3
Q

what does the profession do- Psychiatrist

A

A medical Doctor Who has been specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders because they have an MD they can prescribe medication

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4
Q

what does the profession do- psychologist

A

Professional with an academic degree and specialized training in one of more areas of psychology

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5
Q

what does the profession do- Psychiatric social worker

A

Social worker with some training in therapy methods that focus on family and environment

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6
Q

what are The 4 major goals of psychology

A

Describing a Phenomenon
Identify Relationships
Determine cause and effect relationship
Determine Causation

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7
Q

what is this modern approache to psychology- The humanistic perspective

A

The view that people have free will, the freedom to choose their own destiny, and strive for self actualization

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8
Q

what is this modern approache to psychology- Cognitive perspective

A

an approach to psychology focusing on memory, intelligence, perception, problem solving, and learning

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9
Q

what is this modern approach to psychology- Behavioral perspective

A

The study of behavior, focus on observable behavior only

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10
Q

what is this modern approache to psychology- Biopsychological perspective

A

perspective that attributes
human and animal behavior to biological events occurring in
the body, such as genetic influences, hormones, and the
activity of the nervous system

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11
Q

what is this descriptive method - naturalistic observation

A

involves watching animals or people in their natural environments/ lack of control

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12
Q

what is this descriptive method -laboratory observations

A
  • involves watching animals or people in an artificial but controlled situation, such as a laboratory
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13
Q

what is this descriptive method -case study

A

detailed investigations of one subject/ information gained cannot be applied to other cases

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14
Q

what is this descriptive method - surveys & interviews

A
  • Ask the standardize question a large groups of people that represent a sample of a population of interest
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15
Q

how do you determine the strength and direction of a correlation coeffcient

A

Strength of relationship magnitude the actual number itself closest to one the better,

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16
Q

what is the following that is use in an experiment - independent variable

A
  • Manipulated by the experimenter
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17
Q

what is the following that is use in an experiment - dependent variable

A

the result of the manipulation

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18
Q

what is the following that is use in an experiment - experimental group

A
  • the group that gets IV
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19
Q

what is the following that is use in an experiment - control group

A
  • gets nothing or plug treatment
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20
Q

what is a population

A

entire group about whom conclusion is to be drawn

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21
Q

what is a sample

A

portion of population actually observed

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22
Q

Definition of nervous system

A

A network of cells that carries information to, and from all parts of the body

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23
Q

Definition of neuroscience

A

A branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and functions of the brain

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24
Q

Definition for a neuron

A

The basic cell that makes up the nervous system and
receives and sends messages within that system

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25
Q

What are the pieces and parts of an neuron?

A

dendrite
nucleus
cell body
axon
myelin sheath
axon terminal

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26
Q

Definition for a neurotransmitter

A

Chemical found in synaptic vesicles which when released, has an effect on the next cell

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27
Q

what are excitatory neurotransmitters

A

a neurotransmitter that causes the perceiving cell to fire.

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28
Q

what are inhibitory neurotransmitters

A

neurotransmitter that cause the receiving cell to stop firing

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29
Q

what are the difference between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters?

A
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30
Q

What are the following brain imaging techniques- EEG

A

records the electrical activity on the surface of the brain.

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31
Q

What are the following brain imaging techniques- CT

A

Computer controlled x-ray of the brain

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32
Q

What are the following brain imaging techniques- PET

A

radioactive sugar injected in subject, and the computer provides a color - coated image of the brain

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33
Q

What are the following brain imaging techniques- MRI

A

uses the radio waves and magnetic of the body to produce a detailed image of the brain

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34
Q

What are the following brain imaging techniques- FMRI

A

takes the pictures that the MRIs has taken and puts it together.

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35
Q

what are the parts of the hindbrain

A

pons
medulla
cerebellum
reticular formation

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36
Q

define hindbrain

A

it keeps you avile

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37
Q

define pons

A

involved in sleep, dreaming, left-right body coordination, arousal

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38
Q

define medula

A

life-sustaining functions like breathing, swallowing, heart rate.

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39
Q

define cerebellum

A

controls and coordinates involuntary, rapid, fine motor movement.

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40
Q

define reticular formation

A

general attention, alertness, arousal

41
Q

what are the parts of limbic system

A

thalamus
hippocampus
amygala
hypothalamus

42
Q

what is the limbic system

A

The Limbic System is involved with learning, emotion, memory, and motivation

43
Q

define thalamus

A

relays sensory information

43
Q

define olfactory bulbs

A

where sense of guts process

43
Q

define hippocampus

A

allows yous to store long term mermories

44
Q

define amygala

A

the ear center of the brain

45
Q

define hypothalamus

A

responsity for moviten belhover

46
Q

what are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex

A

-occipital
-temporal
-frontal
-parietal

47
Q

what is the functions of this lobe of cerebral cortex - occipital

A

vision

48
Q

what is the functions of this lobe of cerebral cortex - temporal

A

hearing, language, memory

49
Q

what is the functions of this lobe of cerebral cortex - frontal

A

intelligence, personality, voluntary muscles

50
Q

what is the functions of this lobe of cerebral cortex -parietal

A

spatial location, attention, motor control

51
Q

what is the definition of corpus callosum?

A

large bundle of axons that connects the two hemispheres of the brain. it is the communication link between the two hemisheres

52
Q

what are the divisions of the nervous system?

A

central nervous system
- brain
- spinal cord
peripheral nervous system
- autonomic nervous system
– parasympathetic division
– sympathetic division
- somatic nervous system
–sensory system
– motor system

53
Q

what is the sympathetic nervous system

A

prepares the body to react and expand energy in times of stress

54
Q

what is the parasympathetic nervous system

A

maintains body functions under ordinary conditions; saves energy

55
Q

define sensation

A

activation of receptors in the various sense organs

56
Q

define perception

A

making sense of sensory information

57
Q

define habituation adaption

A

brain stops attending to constant, unchanging stilmuil

58
Q

define sensory adaptation

A

sensory receptors less response to constant stimuil

59
Q

what are the 4 parts of the front part of the eye?

A

cornea
iris
pupil
lens

60
Q

what is the definition this part of the front of the eye: cornea

A

clear membrane that covers the surface of the eye

61
Q

what is the definition this part of the front of the eye: iris

A

color part of the eye, the muscle changes the size of pupil

62
Q

what is the definition this part of the front of the eye: pupil

A

a hole for which light enters the eyes

63
Q

what is the definition this part of the front of the eye: lens

A

focus the image on the back part of the eyes

64
Q

what is the opponent-process theory of color vision?

A

four primary colors with cones arranged in pairs

65
Q

what are rods

A

visual sensory receptors found at the back of the retina. responsible for non - color sensitivity to low levels of light

66
Q

what are cone

A

same placement as rods but they are responsible for color vision

67
Q

what is the difference between rods and cones

A

one can see color, the other cant

68
Q

what are the three tiny bones

A

hammer, avil, scarila

69
Q

define cochlea

A

snail-shaped structure with fluid

70
Q

what are the five primary taste buds

A

sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami

71
Q

what is the gate control theory of pain

A

pain signals must pass through a gate located

72
Q

what is the Gestalt principles of: perception

A

the method by which the sensations experienced at any given moment

73
Q

what is the Gestalt principles of: similarty

A

when things look similar, they are seen as part of the same group

74
Q

what is the Gestalt principles of: proximity

A

objects that are close to togther

75
Q

what is the Gestalt principles of: closure

A

the idea that we want to complete figures that are incomplete

76
Q

what is distance cue linear perspective

A

parallel lines look like they come together

77
Q

define consciousness

A

a person awareness of everything that is going on around them at any given moment.

78
Q

define waking consciousness

A

state in which thoughts, feelings and sensations are clear and organized, and the person feels alert.

79
Q

define altered states of consciousness

A

state in there is a shift in the quality or pattern of which the is a shift.

80
Q

what is the circadian rhythm

A

24 hour of bodily rhythm

81
Q

what are the five stages of sleep

A

1-4 of NOREM and stage 5 REM

82
Q

what does REM sleep stand for

A

rapid eye movement

83
Q

define insomnia

A

the inability to set to sleep, stay asleep, or get a good quality of sleep.

84
Q

define sleep apnea

A

disorder in which the person stops breathing for nearly half a minute or more

85
Q

what are manifest content of dreams according to sigmund freud

A

the actual dream itself

86
Q

what are latent content of dreams according to sigmund freud

A

the true, hidden, symbolic meaning of a dream

87
Q

what is hypnosis

A

the state of consciousness in which the person is especially susceptible to suggestion

88
Q

the definition of psychoactive drugs

A

chemical substances that alter thinking, perception, and memory.

89
Q

what is physical dependence

A

person’s body becomes unable to function normally without drug.

90
Q

what is a drug tolerance

A

needing more and more of the drug for a stronger effect.

91
Q

what is psychological dependence

A

the feeling that a drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional or psychological well-being.

92
Q

what are withdrawals

A

all the negative physical symptoms that happen without the drug in your system

93
Q

define stimulants

A

drugs that increase the functioning of the nervous system

94
Q

define depressants

A

drugs that decrease the functioning of the nervous system

95
Q

define hallucinogen

A

drugs that cause false sensory messages, altering the perception of reality

96
Q

what are the drugs in the depressants category

A

-bariturates
-benzodiazepines
-rohyponol
-alcohol

Genrel psycgology (1 decks)

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