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Genrel psycgology > PSYC 2301 EXAM 1 TEST REVIEW > Flashcards

PSYC 2301 EXAM 1 TEST REVIEW Flashcards

1
Q

what is definition for psychology

A

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental process. Psychology is a science because we study it a scientific way.

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2
Q

what is the psychodynamic perspective

A
  • more focused on development of a sense of self and discovery of motivations behind a person behavior other than sexual motions
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3
Q

what does the profession do- Psychiatrist

A

A medical Doctor Who has been specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders because they have an MD they can prescribe medication

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4
Q

what does the profession do- psychologist

A

Professional with an academic degree and specialized training in one of more areas of psychology

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5
Q

what does the profession do- Psychiatric social worker

A

Social worker with some training in therapy methods that focus on family and environment

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6
Q

what are The 4 major goals of psychology

A

Describing a Phenomenon
Identify Relationships
Determine cause and effect relationship
Determine Causation

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7
Q

what is this modern approache to psychology- The humanistic perspective

A

The view that people have free will, the freedom to choose their own destiny, and strive for self actualization

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8
Q

what is this modern approache to psychology- Cognitive perspective

A

an approach to psychology focusing on memory, intelligence, perception, problem solving, and learning

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9
Q

what is this modern approach to psychology- Behavioral perspective

A

The study of behavior, focus on observable behavior only

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10
Q

what is this modern approache to psychology- Biopsychological perspective

A

perspective that attributes
human and animal behavior to biological events occurring in
the body, such as genetic influences, hormones, and the
activity of the nervous system

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11
Q

what is this descriptive method - naturalistic observation

A

involves watching animals or people in their natural environments/ lack of control

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12
Q

what is this descriptive method -laboratory observations

A
  • involves watching animals or people in an artificial but controlled situation, such as a laboratory
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13
Q

what is this descriptive method -case study

A

detailed investigations of one subject/ information gained cannot be applied to other cases

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14
Q

what is this descriptive method - surveys & interviews

A
  • Ask the standardize question a large groups of people that represent a sample of a population of interest
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15
Q

how do you determine the strength and direction of a correlation coeffcient

A

Strength of relationship magnitude the actual number itself closest to one the better,

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16
Q

what is the following that is use in an experiment - independent variable

A
  • Manipulated by the experimenter
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17
Q

what is the following that is use in an experiment - dependent variable

A

the result of the manipulation

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18
Q

what is the following that is use in an experiment - experimental group

A
  • the group that gets IV
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19
Q

what is the following that is use in an experiment - control group

A
  • gets nothing or plug treatment
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20
Q

what is a population

A

entire group about whom conclusion is to be drawn

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21
Q

what is a sample

A

portion of population actually observed

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22
Q

Definition of nervous system

A

A network of cells that carries information to, and from all parts of the body

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23
Q

Definition of neuroscience

A

A branch of the life sciences that deals with the structure and functions of the brain

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24
Q

Definition for a neuron

A

The basic cell that makes up the nervous system and
receives and sends messages within that system

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25
What are the pieces and parts of an neuron?
dendrite nucleus cell body axon myelin sheath axon terminal
26
Definition for a neurotransmitter
Chemical found in synaptic vesicles which when released, has an effect on the next cell
27
what are excitatory neurotransmitters
a neurotransmitter that causes the perceiving cell to fire.
28
what are inhibitory neurotransmitters
neurotransmitter that cause the receiving cell to stop firing
29
what are the difference between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters?
30
What are the following brain imaging techniques- EEG
records the electrical activity on the surface of the brain.
31
What are the following brain imaging techniques- CT
Computer controlled x-ray of the brain
32
What are the following brain imaging techniques- PET
radioactive sugar injected in subject, and the computer provides a color - coated image of the brain
33
What are the following brain imaging techniques- MRI
uses the radio waves and magnetic of the body to produce a detailed image of the brain
34
What are the following brain imaging techniques- FMRI
takes the pictures that the MRIs has taken and puts it together.
35
what are the parts of the hindbrain
pons medulla cerebellum reticular formation
36
define hindbrain
it keeps you avile
37
define pons
involved in sleep, dreaming, left-right body coordination, arousal
38
define medula
life-sustaining functions like breathing, swallowing, heart rate.
39
define cerebellum
controls and coordinates involuntary, rapid, fine motor movement.
40
define reticular formation
general attention, alertness, arousal
41
what are the parts of limbic system
thalamus hippocampus amygala hypothalamus
42
what is the limbic system
The Limbic System is involved with learning, emotion, memory, and motivation
43
define thalamus
relays sensory information
43
define olfactory bulbs
where sense of guts process
43
define hippocampus
allows yous to store long term mermories
44
define amygala
the ear center of the brain
45
define hypothalamus
responsity for moviten belhover
46
what are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex
-occipital -temporal -frontal -parietal
47
what is the functions of this lobe of cerebral cortex - occipital
vision
48
what is the functions of this lobe of cerebral cortex - temporal
hearing, language, memory
49
what is the functions of this lobe of cerebral cortex - frontal
intelligence, personality, voluntary muscles
50
what is the functions of this lobe of cerebral cortex -parietal
spatial location, attention, motor control
51
what is the definition of corpus callosum?
large bundle of axons that connects the two hemispheres of the brain. it is the communication link between the two hemisheres
52
what are the divisions of the nervous system?
central nervous system - brain - spinal cord peripheral nervous system - autonomic nervous system -- parasympathetic division -- sympathetic division - somatic nervous system --sensory system -- motor system
53
what is the sympathetic nervous system
prepares the body to react and expand energy in times of stress
54
what is the parasympathetic nervous system
maintains body functions under ordinary conditions; saves energy
55
define sensation
activation of receptors in the various sense organs
56
define perception
making sense of sensory information
57
define habituation adaption
brain stops attending to constant, unchanging stilmuil
58
define sensory adaptation
sensory receptors less response to constant stimuil
59
what are the 4 parts of the front part of the eye?
cornea iris pupil lens
60
what is the definition this part of the front of the eye: cornea
clear membrane that covers the surface of the eye
61
what is the definition this part of the front of the eye: iris
color part of the eye, the muscle changes the size of pupil
62
what is the definition this part of the front of the eye: pupil
a hole for which light enters the eyes
63
what is the definition this part of the front of the eye: lens
focus the image on the back part of the eyes
64
what is the opponent-process theory of color vision?
four primary colors with cones arranged in pairs
65
what are rods
visual sensory receptors found at the back of the retina. responsible for non - color sensitivity to low levels of light
66
what are cone
same placement as rods but they are responsible for color vision
67
what is the difference between rods and cones
one can see color, the other cant
68
what are the three tiny bones
hammer, avil, scarila
69
define cochlea
snail-shaped structure with fluid
70
what are the five primary taste buds
sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami
71
what is the gate control theory of pain
pain signals must pass through a gate located
72
what is the Gestalt principles of: perception
the method by which the sensations experienced at any given moment
73
what is the Gestalt principles of: similarty
when things look similar, they are seen as part of the same group
74
what is the Gestalt principles of: proximity
objects that are close to togther
75
what is the Gestalt principles of: closure
the idea that we want to complete figures that are incomplete
76
what is distance cue linear perspective
parallel lines look like they come together
77
define consciousness
a person awareness of everything that is going on around them at any given moment.
78
define waking consciousness
state in which thoughts, feelings and sensations are clear and organized, and the person feels alert.
79
define altered states of consciousness
state in there is a shift in the quality or pattern of which the is a shift.
80
what is the circadian rhythm
24 hour of bodily rhythm
81
what are the five stages of sleep
1-4 of NOREM and stage 5 REM
82
what does REM sleep stand for
rapid eye movement
83
define insomnia
the inability to set to sleep, stay asleep, or get a good quality of sleep.
84
define sleep apnea
disorder in which the person stops breathing for nearly half a minute or more
85
what are manifest content of dreams according to sigmund freud
the actual dream itself
86
what are latent content of dreams according to sigmund freud
the true, hidden, symbolic meaning of a dream
87
what is hypnosis
the state of consciousness in which the person is especially susceptible to suggestion
88
the definition of psychoactive drugs
chemical substances that alter thinking, perception, and memory.
89
what is physical dependence
person's body becomes unable to function normally without drug.
90
what is a drug tolerance
needing more and more of the drug for a stronger effect.
91
what is psychological dependence
the feeling that a drug is needed to continue a feeling of emotional or psychological well-being.
92
what are withdrawals
all the negative physical symptoms that happen without the drug in your system
93
define stimulants
drugs that increase the functioning of the nervous system
94
define depressants
drugs that decrease the functioning of the nervous system
95
define hallucinogen
drugs that cause false sensory messages, altering the perception of reality
96
what are the drugs in the depressants category
-bariturates -benzodiazepines -rohyponol -alcohol

Genrel psycgology (1 decks)

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