PSYC 221 CHAPTER 3 Flashcards
1
Q
Sigmund Freud: Theory
A
- shocked the world
copernicus, Darwin and Freud changed the thinking of mankind
Behaviour is determined by by our unconscious,so we have no control over it - criticized by many scientists because there is no scientific basis to the theory. However, his theories are still accepted
- Study of how childhood behaviours affect adult behaviour originated with Freud
2
Q
Psychoanaysis
A
- A theory
- a particular way of assessing mental health
- psychoanalysis is trying to reach into the unconscious
- Freud used hypnosis in his early work- he soon moved into the realm of suggestions, free associations, and dreams
- In trying to help neurotic people, trying to reach into the unconscious, he started interpreting people’s dreams.
3
Q
Unconscious mechanisms
A
- instincts
- dreams
- free association
- freudian Slip
4
Q
Dreams
A
In trying to help neurotic people, he started to interpret people’s dreams.
2 parts to a dream:
- manifest content of a dream: “snake in a garden”
- latent content of a dream: “ what does the snake represent”
- “Dreams are the royal road to understanding the unconscious”.
5
Q
Free Association
A
- what people say; there’s always another meaning
- when a person uses certain words, you would understand what the words really meant.
- people make suggestions in certain arguments and behaviour ( e.g walking styles), even though they don’t participate in the behaviors.
6
Q
Freudian Slip
A
- what is in the unconscious slips out
- what is in the unconscious is threatening. we use or defence mechanisms to hide it.
- slip of the tongue doesn’t always mean words, it can sometimes mean actions.
7
Q
Structure of Personality
A
- Id (pleasure principle) : animal part of us, the energy part of personality.
- ego (reality principle) : rational part of us, uses the same energy as the id. takes the energy from the but in a rational way.
- superego (morality principle) - what is good/moral.
- the EGO is the middle man, controlling the id and superego.
- we can have a person who is all id or all superego.
8
Q
Psychosexual development
A
According to Freud, we have erogenous zone that, when stimulated, provide pleasure.
- oral
- anal
- phallic
- latent
- genital
9
Q
oral stage
A
MOUTH
- infants experience pleasure through the mouth (eating, sucking, etc.)
- we all have to go through and overcome this period. if disrupted, there could be some sort of ramifications that we could have during our adult life.
10
Q
Anal stage
A
ANUS
- the child finds pleasure in defecating and holding the feces.
- comes around the time of toilet training when emphasis seems to be on the anus.
11
Q
Phallic Stage
A
- the first tiem the genitals come into play.
- PENIS ENVY : girl sees boys with a penis and wonders why she doesn’t have one. Boys look at girls and wonder if they’re going to be “castrated” like the girls which leads to CASTRATION ANXIETY.
- at this stage, boys are in love with their mothers (oedipus complex “momma’s boy”) and girls are in love with their fathers (electra complex “daddy’s girl”).
12
Q
Latent
A
- a time when nothing seems to happen
- oedipus and Electra complexes are resolved. Girl s identify with their mothers and boys with their fathers.
13
Q
Genital
A
- Another period where GENITALS come into play.
- boys and girls look at each other during puberty. they begin to dress for each other.
14
Q
Defense mechanisms
A
- “reality Principle” ego protects the personality.
- most of the things in the unconscious are repressed because they are unconscious.
- personality is threatened and is protected by the following ammunitions also called DEFENSE MECHANISMS.
1. Repression
2. Reaction formation
3. Denial
4. projection
5. Displacement
6. Sublimation
7. Regression
8. Rationalization
15
Q
repressions
A
- pushing memories into the unconscious
- threatening thoughts and ideas (e.g. incest)
- not remembering what happened after traumatic events and can’t be brought up into the conscious.
- we repress bad memories because we don’t want to confront those memories.
