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Psychopathology and Clinical Science > PSY212-02 final exam > Flashcards

PSY212-02 final exam Flashcards

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1
Q

How many clusters of personality traits are there listed in the DSM?

A

Three

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2
Q

How does Borderline Personality Disorder begin?

A

Neglectful caregiver and/or traumatic childhood life events (abuse, abandonment, hardships, etc…)

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3
Q

Why is Borderline Personality Disorder considered a high risk condition?

A

Significantly higher rate of self-harming and suicidal behavior, impulsive behavior

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4
Q

What are the prevalence rates?

A

1.6% to 5.9%

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5
Q

What is one of the best treatments for Borderline Personality Disorder?

A

DBT (dialectical behavioral therapy)

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6
Q

What are the relational aspects of borderline personality disorder and how does someone with Borderline Personality Disorder “view” relationships with others?

A

Over idealization and devaluation. You will be best thing in the whole world and then the next day the worst thing ever and be hated by them

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7
Q

What is the name of the theory that most clinicians view borderline personality disorder through?

A

Biosocial Theory

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8
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

A

Elevated sense of self (high ego) and need for validation

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9
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

A

Magical thinking influences their behaviors, suspicious and paranoid, social anxiety disorder influenced by paranoia

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10
Q

What are some treatments for Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

A

CBT, Group therapy, and medications

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11
Q

Which medications may be helpful for schizotypal personality disorder?

A

Antipsychotic and anxiolytic

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12
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Dependent Personality Disorder?

A

Lots of reassurance from others and over dependence on all types of relationships

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13
Q

What are some differential diagnoses for Dependent Personality Disorder?

A

Separation anxiety, major depressive disorder, borderline personality disorder, and adjustment disorder

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14
Q

For Dependent Personality Disorder, is the over-reliance in all relationships?

A

Yes

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15
Q

What are the types of ADHD?

A

Inattentive and Hyperactive/Impulsive

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16
Q

Was ADD removes as a diagnosis from the DSM?

A

Yes

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17
Q

How many criteria does someone with a potential ADHD diagnosis need to meet for a threshold diagnosis?

A

6 or more for children up to age 16, 5 or more for adolescents (17 and older including adults)

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18
Q

Is ADHD the same in adults and kids?

A

Yes, for the most part

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19
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, hyperactive type?

A

Seemingly driven by a motor, off the walls, can’t focus on certain tasks, impulsive, trouble paying attention

20
Q

Do symptoms of ADHD need to be present in multiple settings in order for it to be diagnosed?

A

Yes, two or more settings

21
Q

What is the neurobiological theory behind ADHD?

A

Too much dopamine transporter protein and there is less available thus less interest in things

22
Q

What medication groups are used to treat ADHD?

A

Stimulants

23
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease?

A

Gradual decline in cognition (no extended plateaus), decline in memory and learning, and no evidence of mixed etiology

24
Q

Which substances are in the category of uppers?

A

Cocaine, adderall, caffeine

25
Q

Which mental health conditions are associated with a higher risk of developing a stimulant use disorder?

A

Eating Disorders, ADHD, and Major Depressive Disorder

26
Q

Which substances are in the category of downers?

A

Oxycontin and Valium

27
Q

Which mental health conditions are associated with a higher risk of developing a sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic use disorder?

A

Anxiety, PTSD, Bipolar, and Schizophrenia

28
Q

What is adjustment disorder?

A

Temporary 6 month period where excessive reactions to stress that involve negative thoughts, strong emotions and changes in behavior

29
Q

What are the rule out conditions for adjustment disorder?

A

Straight adjustment disorder, mixed with depression and/or anxiety

30
Q

Which medical condition contributes towards irritable behaviors in nursing homes?

A

UTI

31
Q

What does CTE stand for?

A

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

32
Q

How long are individuals diagnosed with an adjustment disorder for, typically?

A

6 months

33
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Caffeine withdrawal?

A

Headaches, difficulty concentrating, irritability, and flu like symptoms

34
Q

What percentage of Americans consume caffeine?

A

85%

35
Q

What age does Alcohol Use Disorder usually show itself by?

A

Their late 30s

36
Q

What are the medical side effects of Alcohol Use Disorder?

A

Reduction in respiratory rates, heartbeat, pulse, overall bodily functions, and sometimes seizures.

37
Q

What are the four stages of DBT treatment?

A

Interpersonal effectiveness, distress tolerance, emotional regulation training and mindfulness exercises

38
Q

What are the three specifiers for (basically all) Substance Use Disorder?

A

Early remission (3 months), sustained remission (over 3 months), in a controlled environment (in a facility)

39
Q

What are the developmental differences between the psychoanalytic theory of Narcissistic personality disorder and cognitive theory?

A

Psychoanalytic → Problem begins due to cold, rejecting parents.
Cognitive → Parents give their child too much praise and attention

40
Q

What is the trajectory of ADHD?

A

Child realizes they are socializing and thinking differently, brought to concern (school and outside with parents and staff) accommodations are made, can be a secondary diagnosis of anxiety, anxiety can morph into major depressive disorder

41
Q

How do comorbid diagnoses contribute towards ADHD and its trajectory?

A

Over time, as the anxiety worsens, social relationships deteriorate, school accomplishments become increasingly difficult, they begin to develop signs of depression. This can result from feeling like a failure in multiple areas of their life (social, familial, school, etc.)

42
Q

What are the two reasons why someone is at a heightened risk for psychosis when abusing stimulants?

A

Sleep deprivation and excessive dopamine released in the brain both can cause psychosis symptoms

43
Q

What are the stages of grief?

A

Denial, bargaining, grieving (depression/anger → emotional response), and acceptance

44
Q

Who is Richard Sackler?

A

Played a major role in the opioid epidemic → almost solely responsible, pushed for the selling of opioids to get rich, created oxycontin

45
Q

What is one difference between dependent personality disorder and codependent relationships?

A

In dependent personality disorder individuals are overly dependent on others emotionally and for decision-making. In codependent relationships individuals are enabling dysfunctional behavior in others due to personal needs.

46
Q

Pick a personality disorder, and discuss the criteria, treatment options, and risk factors/comorbid diagnoses for that personality disorder.

A

Borderline Personality Disorder is characterized by unstable relationships, identity disturbance, impulsivity, and intense mood swings. Treatment typically involves psychotherapy, such as DBT, and medication to manage symptoms. Risk factors include childhood trauma, genetic predisposition, and chaotic family environments. Bipolar Personality Disorder commonly co-occurs with other mental health conditions like depression and anxiety disorders.

47
Q

What is the relationship between illicit drug use and mental health conditions?

A

Illicit drug use can cause an individual to be at greater risk for developing mental health conditions.

Psychopathology and Clinical Science (1 decks)

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