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Psychology 120 Final > PSY120 -- Chapter 14 > Flashcards

PSY120 -- Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Statistical Deviance

A

A criterion of abnormality stating that a behavior is abnormal if it occurs infrequently among members of the population

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2
Q

Cultural Deviance

A

A criterion of abnormality stating that a behavior is abnormal if it violates the rules or accepted standards of society

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3
Q

Emotional Distress

A

A criterion of abnormality stating that abnormal behaviors are those that lead to personal distress or emotional upset

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4
Q

Dysfunction

A

A breakdown in normal functioning

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5
Q

Insanity

A

A legal term usually defined as the inability to understand that certain actions are wrong, in a legal or moral sense, at the time of a crime

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6
Q

Medical Model

A

The view that abnormal behavior is symptomatic of an underlying “disease” which can be “cured” with the appropriate therapy

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7
Q

Diagnostic Labeling Effects

A

The fact that labels for psychological problems can become self-fulfilling prophecies: the label may make it difficult to recognize normal behavior when it occurs, and it may actually increase the likelihood a person will act in an abnormal way

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8
Q

DSM-IV-TR

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition

A

The manual used for the diagnosis and classification of psychological disorders, composed of five major rating dimensions

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9
Q

Axis I

A

Clinical disorders or other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention

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10
Q

Axis II

A

Personality disorders and mental retardation

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11
Q

Axis III

A

General medical conditions

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12
Q

Axis IV

A

Psychosocial and environmental problems

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13
Q

Axis V

A

Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale

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14
Q

Anxiety Disorders

A

A class of disorders marked by excessive apprehension and worry that in turn impairs normal functioning

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15
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

Excessive worrying or free-floating anxiety, that lasts for at least six months and that cannot be attributed to any single identifiable source

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16
Q

Panic Disorder

A

A condition marked by recurrent discrete episodes or attacks of extremely intense fear or dread

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17
Q

Agoraphobia

A

An anxiety disorder that causes an individual to restrict his or her normal activities, and a person suffering from this disorder tends to avoid public places out of fear that a panic attack will happen

18
Q

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

A

An anxiety disorder that manifests itself through persistent and uncontrollable thoughts or by the compelling need to perform repetitive actions

19
Q

Obsessions

A

Persistent and uncontrollable thoughts

20
Q

Compulsions

A

The compelling need to perform repetitive actions

21
Q

Phobic Disorder

A

A highly focused fear of a specific object or situation

22
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder

A

Intense fear of being watched, judged, and embarrassed in social situations

23
Q

Somatoform Disorders

A

Psychological disorders that focus on the physical body

24
Q

Hypochondriasis

A

A long-lasting preoccupation with the idea that one has developed a serious disease, based on what turns out to be a misinterpretation of normal body reactions

25
Q

Somatization Disorder

A

A long-lasting preoccupation with bodily symptoms that have no identifiable physical cause

26
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

The presence of real physical problems, such as blindness or paralysis, that seem to have no identifiable physical cause

27
Q

Dissociative Disorders

A

A class of disorders characterized by the separation of conscious awareness from previous thoughts or memories

28
Q

Dissociative Amnesia

A

A psychological disorder characterized by an inability to remember important personal information

29
Q

Dissociative Fuge

A

A loss of personal identity that is often accompanied by a flight from home

30
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder

A

A condition in which an individual alternates between what appears to be two or more distinct identities (Multiple Personality Disorder)

31
Q

Mood Disorders

A

Prolonged and disabling disruptions in emotional state

32
Q

Major Depressive Episode

A

A type of mood disorder characterized by depressed mood and other symptoms

33
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

A type of mood disorder in which the person experiences disordered mood shifts in two directions – from depression to a manic state

34
Q

Manic State

A

A disordered state in which the person becomes hyperactive, talkative, and has a decreased need for sleep, and the person may engage in activities that are self-destructive or dangerous

35
Q

Schizophrenia

A

A class of disorders characterized by fundamental disturbances in thought processes, emotion, or behavior

36
Q

Personality Disorders

A

Chronic or enduring patterns of behavior that lead to significant impairments in social functioning

37
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder

A

A personality disorder characterized by pervasive distrust of others

38
Q

Dependent Personality Disorder

A

A personality disorder characterized by an excessive need to be taken care of by others

39
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder

A

A personality disorder characterized by little, if any, respect for social laws, customs, and norms

40
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder

A

A personality disorder characterized by problems with emotional regulation, social relationships, and sense of self

41
Q

Bio-Psycho-Social Perspective

A

The idea that psychological disorders are influenced, or caused, by a combination of biological, cognitive, and environmental factors

42
Q

Learned Helplessness

A

A general sense of helplessness acquired when people repeatedly fail in their attempts to control their environment, and may play a role in depression

Psychology 120 Final (2 decks)

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