Psy chapter 6 Flashcards
Encoding
Transforming information into a form you can remember because you have to understand what you hear in order to remember it.
Storage
Maintaining information in memory.
Retrieval
Finding what you have learned in your brain.
Short- Term Memory
Briefly holds information in your head using your senses.
Short -Term Memory/ Displacement
Occurs when short term memory is full and new information pushes out older information.
Short- Term Memory/Chunking
Grouping smaller information into larger groups.
Long-Term Memory/Declarative Memory
Stores facts, information, and personal life events..
Can remember verbally or in the form of images.
Long-Term Memory/ Episodic Memory
Remembering events subjectively or events that have changed over time.
Long-Term Memory/ Semantic Memory
General knowledge facts, or information that does not change.
Short-Term Memory/ Rehearsal
Practicing information over and over again.
Long-Term Memory/ mnemonics
An acronym or a rhyme that is easy to remember.
Long-Term Memory/ Flashbulb memory
A shocking or scary memory that you always remember
Reconstruction
The process of remembering and building up your memories
Positive bias
Remembering pleasant memories more than unpleasant memories. Turning bad memories into something positive.
Ebbinghaus
discovered the curve of Forgetting
Cure of Forgetting
Pattern of forgetting. Once we learn something, forgetting happens right away. Otherwise we forget at a slower pace.
6 reasons we forget
Encoding failure, decay, interference consolidation failure, motivated forgetting, perspective forgetting, and retrieval failure
Encoding Failure
Information that was never stored in your brain
Decay
Unused information fades away over time.
Interference
when something gets in the way of your learning.
Consolidation Failure
When your long term memory isn’t working after a bad car accident.
Motivated Forgetting
When you want to forget something bad that happened
Perspective Forgetting
Forgetting to do something that you know you are supposed to do like homework or going to an appointment.
Retrieval Failure
Not remembering something that you are positive you know.
Hippocampus
Where memory is located in your brain
2 kinds of memory loss
amnesia and dementia
Amnesia
Partial or complete loss of memory from brain damage, a bad car accident, or loss of consciousness.
2 Types of Amnesia
Anterograde amnesia and Retrograde amnesia
Anterograde amnesia
When you can’t form long-term memories after brain trauma.
Retrograde amnesia
You can’t remember what happened shortly before brain trauma.
Dementia
When your brain, personality, and behavior slowly deteriorate.
