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Abnormal Psychology > Psy 3010 Ch 1-4 > Flashcards

Psy 3010 Ch 1-4 Flashcards

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0
Q

“Parent” of the first psychiatric classification system

A

Emil Krapelin

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1
Q

Observable characteristic that can change over time

A

Phenotype

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2
Q

Characterization by others of disgrace or reproach

Main cause of avoiding treatment

A

Stigma

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3
Q

Examining the effects of culture on the way people think, feel, and act

A

Multi-cultural psychology

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4
Q

Reducing the severity, duration, and negative effects of a mental disorder after is has occurred.

A

Tertiary prevention

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5
Q

Addressing emerging problems while they are still manageable and before resistant to intervention.

A

Secondary prevention

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6
Q

Targeting large groups of people who have not yet developed a mental disorder

A

Primary prevention

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7
Q

Mental hygiene concept.

Promoting mental health and thwarting mental disorder through education, treatment, and public health measures

A

Keys to disorder prevention

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8
Q

Wrote A Mind That Found Itself

A

Clifford Beers

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9
Q

In America made the most improvements in treating the mentally ill.

A

Dorothea Dix

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10
Q

Cause of mass hysteria (madness) during the middle ages

A

Tarabtism - Dancing mania (victims of tarantula spirit)

Lycantrophy - transformation into a demon animal (werewolf)

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11
Q

Removed people with mental illness from the general population because they could not care for themselves.

A

Asylums

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12
Q

Introduced asylums in the Renaissance period for people with mental health disorders

A

Paracelsus

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13
Q

Philosopher that rejected that abnormal behavior was caused by demons/spirits

A

Hippocrates

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14
Q

Cutting a hole in the persons skull to relieve harmful spirits.

A

Trephination

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15
Q

Ancient treatments for abnormal behavior focused on..

A

behavior attributed to supernatural causes.

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16
Q

Ancient Egyptian treatment for mental disorder

A

Exorcism and Trephination

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17
Q

Mental disorder characterized by avoidance of social situations, intense anxiety and clinically significant

A

Social anxiety disorder

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18
Q

Thoughts, emotions, and behaviors are considered abnormal when they…

A

violate social norms
interfere with functioning
cause great personal distress

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19
Q

Statistical point at which behavior is abnormal

A

No correct or numerical criterion based on deviance from the norm.

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20
Q

Symptoms of disorder from culture to cutler

A

differ

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21
Q

Three factors that determine if a behavior is considered abnormal

A
  • violate social norms or statistically deviant
  • interfere with functioning
  • cause great personal distress
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22
Q

Interferes with a person’s life including caring for them self.

A

Maladaptive behavior

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23
Q
  • Accused father of sexual abuse at 15
  • recanted at 17
  • took identity of teenager from town to town
  • aka Briana Stewart
A

Treva Thorneberry

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24
Q

High IQ considered to be abnormal

A

Statistical Deviance (Einstein example)

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25
Q

Determining the probability of a behavior of a population

A

Statistical method of defining abnormality

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26
Q

Criteria for determining whether thoughts, emotion, or behavior is abnormal

A
  • deviance from the norm
  • difficulty adapting to life’s demands
  • experience of personal distress
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27
Q

Class about different mental disorders

A

Abnormal psychology

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28
Q

What does a P.E.T. scan do?

A
  • evaluate brain structure

- construct a picture of how the brain is functioning

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29
Q

Nuerochemical Assessment

A

Assessment of dysfunctions in specific nuerotransmitter systems

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30
Q

Elements of culture considered during clinical assessment

A
  • language barrier
  • cultural background
  • cultural sensitivity
  • cultural knowledge
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31
Q

Statement about the cause of an event or about the relationship between two events (educated guess)

A

Hypothesis

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32
Q

Where is Anorexia nervosa most prevalent?

A

In societies (USA) that emphasize and reward thinness.

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33
Q

Manipulated variable that researchers hypothesize to be the cause of the action

A

Independent variable

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34
Q

Measures a certain outcome the researcher is trying to explain or predict

A

Dependent variable

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35
Q

Assigning people to groups so each person has the same chance of being in each group to represent the general public

A

Randomization

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36
Q

Factors that may account for group differences on a dependent variable

A

Confounding variable

37
Q

Directionality and the fact that other explanations for the relationship between 2 variables cannot be ruled out for the influence of the 3rd variable are two drawbacks of…

A

Correlational studies

38
Q

Characteristics of most people

A

Normal behavior

39
Q

Risks involved with longitudinal studies

A

Attrition. Some participants may drop out of the study over time or can no longer be contacted by the researcher

40
Q

Tests that take rapid pictures of the brain to assess metabolic changes (how the brain is working)

A

fMRI tests

41
Q

Client is observed directly in their natural environment

A

Natural Observation

42
Q

Two types of projective personality assessments

A

Rorschach and Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

43
Q

What does a TAT tell us about a client’s personality?

A

Hostility, defensiveness, jealousy, and rebelliousness

44
Q

How is the MMPI-2 test scored?

A
  • 10 scales to suggest diagnosis

- profiles client based on all scores

45
Q

Tests that uses subtests in memory, math, general info, or visual perceptional organization.

A

Intelligent test measurements

46
Q

Most common form of clinical assessments (2)

A
  • Unstructured interview

- Structured interview

47
Q

Administering assessments measured in the same way for everyone.

A

Standardization

48
Q

Types of validity

A
  • content
  • productive
  • concurrent
  • construct
49
Q

Extent to which an assessment technique measures what it is supposed to measure.

A

Validity

50
Q

When a person provides similar answers to the same test items across time.

A

Test-retest reliable

51
Q

Assigning mental disorders into broad categories or classes based on similar features.

A

Classification

52
Q

Aims to reduce risk and increase protective factors regarding mental disorders

A

Prevention

53
Q

Key advantages to all types of prevention

A

Saved resources for future treatment, hospitalization, and/or incarceration of people with a mental disorder.

54
Q

Median age for mood disorders

A

30 years old

55
Q

Median age for substance abuse

A

20 years old

56
Q

Median age for anxiety related disorders

A

11 years old

57
Q

Median age of onset for a mental disorder

A

14 years old

58
Q

Most important thing to determine treatment

A

Diagnosis/Syndrome

59
Q

Kraeplin proposed types of mental disorders

A
  • dimentia praecox

- manic-depressive psychosis

60
Q

Interviews that help mental health professionals gain information about how a person’s culture can affect symptoms/treatment

A

Cultural Formation Interviews

61
Q

Cause of mental disorder

A

Etiology

62
Q

Biological, psychological, or genetic predisposition to disorder

A

Diathesis

63
Q

4 parts of the Limbic System

A

Hippocampus
Cingulate Gyprus
Septum
Amygdala

64
Q

Regulates emotions and impulses controls thirst, sex, and aggression (4 parts)

A

Limbic System

65
Q

Controls movement, planning, and organization.

Focus of mental health research

A

Frontal Lobe

66
Q

Controls learning and memory

A

Glutamate

67
Q

Controls motor behavior, arousal, reward, attention, learning, and memory

A

Acetylcholine

68
Q

Regulates mood, anxiety, arousal, and behavior

A

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

69
Q

Influences novelty seeking, sociability, pleasure, motivation, coordination, and motor movement

A

Dopamine

70
Q

Regulates Arousal, mood, behavior, and sleep

A

Norepinephrine

71
Q

Processing of information, mood regulation, behavior, and thought process

A

Seratonin

72
Q

Process where an unused nuerotransmitter is reabsorbed and recycled

A

Reuptake

73
Q

Brain and the spinal cord are parts of

A

Central Nervous System

74
Q

Disorder least likely to be inherited

A

Major depression

75
Q

A cluster of symptoms

A

Syndrome

76
Q

Individuals or environmental characteristics that precede a metal disorder and are correlated with a disorder
-Biological, psychological, and social

A

Risk Factors

77
Q

Presence of two or more disorders in a person and is significant concern for mental health professionals

A

Comorbid with mental disorders

78
Q

All cases of mental disorder

A

Prevalence

79
Q

Must precede the development of a condition

A

Risk factor occurrence

80
Q

Why are women a greater risk for anxiety or mood disorders?

A

Age/Stress

81
Q

Are race/ethnicity risk factors for mental illness?

A

Cannot be considered risk factors at this point

82
Q

Education level, poverty level, and marriage disruption are all linked to mental disorders

A

True

83
Q

Martial status linked to higher rates of mental illness

A

Divorced/Separated

84
Q

Intervention that is given to people with no signs of disorder
Administered to prevent new cases

A

Primary prevention

85
Q

Binge Drinking

A

5 or more drinks for men in one occasion.

4 or more drinks for women in one occasion

86
Q

How many main symptoms are required for a depression diagnosis?

A

5 out of 9 main symptoms

88
Q

DSM(5) main features of a mental disorder

A

Syndrome(emotional, cognitive, behavioral symptoms)
Symptoms associated with improvement of life activities
Syndrome is not expected or culturally approved response to a specific event
Symptoms are considered to be dysfunctional in psychological, biological, or developmental process

89
Q

What do we know about race and ethnicity as risk factors?

A

They all focus on preventing other problems. The goal of each prevention form is to reduce problems associated with mental disorder on a community- or population-wide basis.

90
Q

Normality is best understood as running on a

A

Continuum

91
Q

What brain structure is MOST likely to contribute to an eating disorder?

A

Hypothalmus

Abnormal Psychology (3 decks)

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